复方中草药免疫增强剂对鸡堆型艾美耳球虫早熟株免疫的影响研究

选用两个中草药方剂,采用1.5%、2.0%两个添加水平,在相同方法、相同攻虫强度下,比较其抗鸡堆型艾美耳球虫的效果。结果表明:方剂一在2.0%的添加水平时效果显著,抗球虫指数高达196.04,其E-玫瑰花环形成率也显著提高,具有明显的免疫促进作用。     

放牧对鸭茅能量积累及分配的影响

通过长期放牧试验，探讨了不同放牧强度下亚热带高山草地鸭茅种群能量积累规律及能量在不同构件之间的分配特征。在无放牧的对照草地及采食率分别为55％、65％、80％的放牧草地，鸭茅热值随放牧强度的增加而呈单峰曲线型变化，一定强度范围内的放牧干扰提高了鸭茅热值及能量的积累；根部能量的积累随放牧强度的提高而逐渐减少。在禁牧草地，鸭茅种群能量主要被低密度的大分蘖丛所分摊，随着放牧强度的提高，种群能量则逐渐均摊给高密度的小分蘖丛。     

β-葡聚糖对肉仔鸡生产性能及免疫功能的影响

选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡480只(公雏),随机分为5个处理组。每个处理6个重复,对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组饲喂基础日粮 林可霉素,三个β-葡聚糖组,在基础日粮中分别添加25、50、100mg/kgβ-葡聚糖,以研究添加β-葡聚糖对肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官、细胞和体液免疫、血清中溶菌酶含量以及盲肠内乳酸杆菌的影响。结果显示:肉仔鸡日粮中添加50mg/kgβ-葡聚糖,显著提高0～49日龄日增重和饲料转化效率(P<0.05);显著提高21日龄脾脏的相对重量(P<0.05);添加β-葡聚糖有提高非特异性免疫力的趋势。     

Tono-Pen XL calibration curves for cats, cows and sheep

The objective of this study was to provide calibration curves for correcting intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained using the Tono-Pen XL tonometer in cats, cows and sheep. Twelve eyes from 9 cats, 13 eyes from 7 cows, 10 eyes from 5 sheep were used. The anterior chamber of the eye was cannulated in vivo, in situ (immediately post mortem) or ex vivo with a fine needle and IOP was varied from 10 to 90 mmHg in steps of 10 mmHg by adjusting the height of a saline reservoir connected to the needle. For each pressure setting, several readings of IOP were made using the tonometer. The relationship between Tono-Pen reading and manometer setting was linear over the full range of measurement. However, the slope of the data regression line deviated significantly from 1 and indicated that the instrument systematically underestimated IOP. For cats the average slope was 0.62 and for cows and sheep it was 0.72 and 0.69, respectively. For the latter animals, the regression line also had a nonzero intercept of approximately 4.5 mmHg. Similar results were obtained from in vivo and ex vivo eyes and with different Tono-Pen XL tonometers. Although developed for use on humans, the Tono-Pen XL can provide reproducible and accurate measurement of IOP in cats, cows and sheep when suitably calibrated by manometry. The calibration curves provided here, and by implication those reported for other animals using this tonometer, differ in slope from those measured with earlier models of the Tono-Pen. The reproducibility of the curves we obtained implies that they can be used to correct IOP readings from the Tono-Pen XL when manometry is not possible.     

片形吸虫分泌排泄抗原和虫体抗原的分析

用牛源肝片吸虫（南京）、牛源大片吸虫（广西）和羊源肝片吸虫（实验感染）制备可溶性虫体抗原（BA）和和分泌排泄抗原（ES），以SDS－PAGE电泳分析比较，结果显示，3株虫体可溶性虫体抗原至少有20条以上的主要蛋白条带，分子量集中于10－90KD之间，它们之间无显著差异，而3株分泌排泄抗原蛋白成分较简单，明显可分的条带不超过5条，分子量集中于10－30KD之间，且均拥有26－28KD的蛋白成分，提示该蛋白应为片形吸虫ES抗原的主要免疫成分。     

高效脂肪酶产生真菌的筛选、鉴定及产酶条件优化

研究旨在筛选高产脂肪酶活性的菌株,并鉴定其菌属及确定其最佳产酶条件。采集富含油脂的土壤,通过溴甲酚紫平板法进行菌株分离筛选,并采用橄榄油乳化法测定脂肪酶活力。利用真菌ITS序列通用引物进行PCR扩增,将测序结果Blast比对,并建系统发育树。采用正交试验设计优化产酶条件。通过筛选得到1株产脂肪酶的真菌菌株GW-1,经鉴定为黑曲霉Aspergillus niger。经单因素试验和正交试验得到该菌的最佳产酶条件为:葡萄糖0.5%、黄豆粉2.0%、橄榄油1.0%、MgSO4.7H2O 0.1%、pH值9.0、接种量8%、装液量50 ml/250 ml、发酵4 d。在此发酵条件下,其产酶活力可达39.82 U/(ml.min)。试验结果显示,访菌株在产脂肪酶能力上具有显著优越性,且菌株GW-1产酶活力较优化前高出19.96 U/(ml.min),提高了100.50%。     

电子鼻测定酸奶气味过程中测定参数的研究

用电子鼻对不同储存期的酸奶进气味测定,旨在寻求一组最佳测定参数.通过单因素试验对测定过程中的不同影响因素进行了考察,运用正交试验找出最佳应用参数,结果表明,最佳参数组合为样品温度40℃,清洗时间80 s,测样时间50 s,进气量400 mL/min.     

Muscular dystrophy in female dogs

The most common form of muscular dystrophy in dogs and humans is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. The dystrophin gene is located on the X chromosome, and, therefore, disease-causing mutations in dystrophin occur most often in males. Therefore, females with dystrophin deficiency or other forms of muscular dystrophy may be undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze dystrophin and a number of other muscle proteins associated with muscular dystrophy in humans, including sarcoglycans and laminin alpha2, in muscle biopsy specimens from 5 female dogs with pathologic changes consistent with muscular dystrophy. The female dogs were presented with a variety of clinical signs including generalized weakness, muscle wasting, tremors, exercise intolerance, gait abnormalities, and limb deformity. Serum creatine kinase activity was variably high. One dog had no detectable dystrophin in the muscle; another was mosaic, with some fibers normal and others partly dystrophin-deficient. A 3rd dog had normal dystrophin but no detectable laminin alpha2. Two dogs could not be classified. This study demonstrates the occurrence of dystrophin- and laminin alpha2-associated muscular dystrophy and the difficulty in clinical diagnosis of these disorders in female dogs.     

Effects of Compound Plant Nutrients on Rumen Fermentation Parameters,Rumen Microbiota and Fatty Acid Composition of Longissimus dorsi Muscle in Finishing Small Tail Han Sheep北大核心CSCD

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of compound p1ant nutrients (CPN) on rumen fermentation parameters, rumen microbiota and fatty acid composition of longissimus dorsi musc1e in finishing sma11 tai1 Han sheep. Sixteen 4-month-o1d finishing sma11 tai1 Han sheep with an initia1 body weight (BW) of (24.18±0.31) kg were random1y divided into two groups, name1y, with 8 rep1icates per group and 1 sheep per rep1icate. The sheep in the contro1 group were fed a basa1 diet, whereas the sheep of the contro1 group (CPN group) was fed the basa1 diet supp1ementation with 3‰ CPN. The experiment 1asted for 97 days after 7 days adaption. The resu1ts showed as fo11ows: compared with the contro1 group, 1) adding CPN decreased the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) (P<0.05); 2) CPN supp1ementation affected beta diversity of rumen microbiota; 3) the re1ative abundance of Acidobacteriota, Erysipe1otrichaceae_UCG-002, Lactobacillus, and Megasphaera were enhanced by adding CPN (P<0.05), whereas, the re1ative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Prevotella was 1ower (P<0.05); 4) the supp1ementation of CPN had no significant effect on fatty acid composition of longissimus dorsi musc1e of fattening sma11-tai1ed Han sheep (P>0.05); 5) the contents of tota1 MUFA, C18:1n9c, C14:1, C16:1, C18:2n6c, C18:3n3 and n-3PUFA in the longissimus dorsi musc1e were corre1ated with the re1ative abundance of Megasphaera, Erysipe1otrichaceae_UCG-002, Succiniclasticum and Ruminococcus (P<0.05). In conc1usion, CPN can regu1ate the rumen microbiota structure and reduce the rumen NH3-N concentration of fattening sma11-tai1ed Han sheep. In production practice, CPN can be used as a rumen eco1ogica1 regu1ator. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.     

禽霍乱免疫母鸡血清抗体和蛋黄抗体消长规律及其相互关系的研究

通过对禽霍乱菌苗免疫产蛋母鸡的血清和蛋黄的抗体定时检测后发现，免疫母鸡的血清抗体和蛋黄抗体的升降趋势基本一致（ｒ＝０．９４），但后者较前者迟后３～６ｄ；血清抗体和蛋黄抗体的滴度分别在加强免疫后的１～３ｄ和３～６ｄ都有不同程度下降，加强免疫前的滴度越高，免疫后的滴度下降幅度越大；蛋黄抗体水平普遍比血清抗体水平低，两者间的差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），这可能是与禽多杀性巴氏杆菌本身的主要抗原成分（ＴＩ抗原）在鸡体内主要产金ＩｇＭ有关。