不同氮肥水平下盐分对菠菜生长及产量的影响

在光培养室内进行土柱栽培实验,研究了不同氮肥水平下,盐分对菠菜生长及产量的影响.在第一阶段和第二阶段,随着盐分含量的增加,菠菜相对生长速率(RGR)降低,其中在100 kg/hm2施N水平下,0.87 dS*m-1处理的RGR最大,为1.30×10-1g/g*d;在第三阶段,随着盐分含量的增加,RGR升高.统计分析表明,盐分和氮肥对净吸收速率(NAR)和叶面积比率(LAR)都有交互影响.低N水平下,低盐增加菠菜产量;高氮肥水平下,菠菜产量随盐分含量增加而降低.增施氮肥可以提高菠菜产量.试验条件下,盐分含量达到5 dS*m-1时,早期施氮肥导致菠菜生长下降,因此应根据菠菜各生育阶段对肥料的需求量施用氮肥,以减轻盐分对菠菜生长及产量的不利影响.     

The Impact of Ventilation and Air Filtration in Controlling Indoor Airborne Microbes

We analyze the generation, transmission and living mechanism of indoor airborne microbes and present two commonly used engineering control methods for microbial contamination: ventilation and air filtration. A mathematical calculation model is developed to incorporate the two ways likely having significant impact on microbial contamination control. We also discuss the relationship between different ventilation parameters and microbial concentration, provide some design equations for determination of microbial filtration efficiency, and calculate the efficiency of air filters used in certain buildings. The results show that the natural ventilation is not a good contamination control for airborne microbes when they are a main indoor pollutant; mechanical ventilation should be used in such cases. If the atmospheric airborne microbes cannot be neglected or its indoor concentration is high, incorporating ventilation with air filtration is a good way to control indoor airborne microbial contamination. Enhancement of filter efficiency at various levels used in central air conditioning systems is helpful for improving indoor microbial contamination control condition.     

QTL mapping for agronomic and fibre traits using two interspecific chromosome substitution lines of Upland cotton

CS‐B14Sh and CS‐B22Sh are cotton interspecific chromosome substitution (CS)‐B lines, in which a pair of short arms of chromosome 14 and chromosome 22 were introgressed from Gossypium barbadense doubled‐haploid line 3‐79 with the background of Gossypium hirsutum line TM‐1, respectively. These two CS‐B lines were crossed with TM‐1, and segregating progenies (F₂ and F_2:3, respectively) were obtained. Phenotypic data of lint yield, yield‐related traits and fibre‐quality traits were collected from two trials. In the cross CS‐B14SH X TM‐1, QTL for boll weight (BW), lint percentage (LP), fibre upper half mean length (UHML), micronaire reading (MIC), and fibre breaking tensile strength (STR) were repeatedly detected. Alleles from 3‐79 decreased BW and MIC, but increased UHML and STR. In the cross CS‐B22Sh X TM‐1, QTL for BW, LP, UHML, MIC, STR, fibre elongation (EL),seed weight(SW), node of first fruiting branch (NFB) and fibre uniformity index (UI) were repeatedly detected, and alleles from 3‐79 decreased UHML, UI and STR, but increased NFB, SW, MIC and EL. QTL clusters were found in both populations.     

优质抗病虫棉花新品种冀228性状综合分析

摘要：根据2002～2007年河北省和全国黄河流域棉花品种区域试验资料,对国审棉花新品种冀228的遗传背景、丰产稳产性、纤维品质及抗病虫性等进行了综合分析,选出适宜种植地区。结果表明：冀228渗透有海岛棉血统,遗传背景丰富,丰产稳产性好,纤维品质优异,属Ⅱ型棉花品种,抗病虫性强,适宜黄河流域广泛种植,尤其适宜高水肥地块种植。     

菠萝多糖提取工艺及其抗羟自由基能力的研究

研究菠萝皮渣中粗多糖热水浸提工艺及其清除羟自由基的活性。以多糖得率为指标,研究不同料液比、温度、时间等因素对多糖得率的影响,结果表明：影响多糖得率的因素主次分别为温度>时间>料液比。水浸提法最优工艺条件为：温度100℃,时间3h,料液比1:20,在此条件下多糖得率达5.2%。采用水杨酸比色法研究菠萝粗多糖清除羟自由基的效果,研究表明,菠萝粗糖具有清除羟自由基能力,菠萝粗多糖浓度为19mg/ml时清除率达50%以上。     

预湿浸种在杂交稻生产上的应用研究

本研究采用了延缓不同活力来交稻种子吸水速率的方法，可促使其活力的恢复与提高，增强抗逆性，促进发芽生长。预湿处理将新种子发芽率提高3．2％，陈种子发芽率提高76％，新、陈种子活力指数分别提高19．5％、21．5％，达到显著差异水平。     

ICAI Realizaltion for the K-map Simplification of Logical Function

Based on the theory of the K map simplification of logical function(KSLF),this article releases a ICAI Realization for KSLF.Providing three kinds of teaching style:commonness, teaching, practice.This product,wich supports for the K map simplification with random item,is not only helpful to the construction of the curriculum of digital circuit ,but also to the design for digital application system.Under the practice method, This product's guides,checks,and corrects the student's whole process forthe proceeding of KSLF automaticly under the teaching method.     

作物生长季地表及耕作层地温的变化特征

为了研究辽西山区小流域地表及耕作层温度变化状态,从气候角度出发,运用气候倾向率等分析方法,分析了建平丘陵山区1959—2012年作物生长季地表温度、耕层温度变化趋势和特征。结果表明：建平的南、北部地表、耕层温度因地域性相差2.2℃,4—10月地表、耕层温度呈明显增加趋势,南部气候倾向率分别为0.288℃/10 a和0.248℃/10 a;北部气候倾向率分别为0.309℃/10 a和0.312℃/10 a。异常高温年出现在20世纪90年代之后,而异常低温年则出现在20世纪80年代之前。南部地表、耕层温度升高过渡区间在1981—1993年,1994年突变;北部过渡区间在1981—1996年,1997年突变。研究结果对辽西山地小流域治理,气候资源利用开发,合理安排农业生产提供参考。     

纤维蛋白原的5种提取方法比较研究

为了确定纤维蛋白原的最佳提取方案。本研究主要采用反复冷沉淀法、经典冷沉淀法、冷乙醇法、硫酸铵沉淀法和聚乙二醇沉淀法对猪抗凝全血进行纤维蛋白原的提取;以单次血液处理量、制备流程耗时、纤维蛋白原的浓度,是否需要添加化学试剂和所得纤维蛋白原的纯度为考察指标,确定纤维蛋白原的最佳提取方案。结果表明：反复冷沉淀法与经典冷沉淀法相比可以明显提高提取的纤维蛋白原浓度,与化学法相比,全程均采用物理方法,无需添加任何化学制剂,不存在化学制剂回收问题,纤维蛋白原纯度较高,提取的纤维蛋白原浓度符合外用纤维蛋白原质量标准。对结果综合分析可知,反复冷沉淀法是最佳的纤维蛋白原的提取方法。     

不同密度下主茎亚有限型大豆株型及产量的变化规律

为研究主茎亚有限型大豆株型及产量的变化规律,以窄行密植大豆品种‘合丰51’为试验材料,研究不同种植密度条件下大豆品种株高、茎粗、主茎节数及节间长度、倒伏率以及产量的变化规律。结果表明,随着种植密度的增加,株高呈不断增加趋势;茎粗呈不断下降趋势;主茎节数变化幅度不明显,节间长度不断增加,株高增加为节间伸长所致;倒伏率不断增加;产量呈先增加后降低的趋势。上述性状均与种植密度相关性达到极显著水平,并在40 万株/hm2条件下达到最高产量,说明窄行密植大豆品种‘合丰51号’具有较高的密植潜力。