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利用pH调节法制备罗非鱼分离鱼蛋白.在临界pH条件下对罗非鱼肌肉蛋白进行处理得到肌肉溶解蛋白(Solution Muscle Protein,SMP),再利用等电点沉淀法对罗非鱼肌肉溶解蛋白进行分离得到肌肉分离蛋白(Isolated Muscle Protein,IMP),考查SMP的溶解率、黏度及IMP凝胶制品和常规中性漂洗(Conventional Wash)处理得到的蛋白凝胶制品的凝胶强度.以罗非鱼肌肉蛋白质在不同pH下的处理、转谷酰胺酶、食盐及凝胶化温度为因素,凝胶强度为目标参数进行正交试验设计.结果表明,与常规中性漂洗法相比, pH调节法制备的罗非鱼分离鱼蛋白具有回收效果好、功能性强的特点. 相似文献
34.
网箱养殖对刘家峡水库浮游细菌群落组成及影响因素分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了评价网箱养殖对刘家峡水库浮游细菌群落结构和多样性的影响,于2016年10月份对刘家峡水库6个生态位点进行水样采集,采用高通量测序技术分析了浮游细菌群落特征。结果表明,刘家峡水库浮游细菌主要由变形菌门、放线菌门、蓝藻门、拟杆菌门等11个门,ACK-M1-norank、聚球藻属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、红球菌属、β变形菌属和Pelagibacteraceae-uncultured等73个属组成,浮游细菌丰度和多样性指数由水库上游至下游依次降低,网箱养殖活动使附近水体的理化性质发生变化,并导致浮游细菌多样性降低。聚球藻属、黄杆菌属、放线菌属、Limnohabitans属和不动杆菌属的种类相对丰度受网箱养殖活动影响敏感。冗余分析表明NO-3-N、TP和TN是影响刘家峡水库浮游细菌群落结构的主要水环境因子,共同解释了55.11%的群落变异。 相似文献
35.
Climate variability and marine survival of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in the Oregon production area 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Time series of adult recruitment for natural runs of coho salmon from the Oregon coastal region (1970–94) and marine survival of hatchery-reared coho salmon from California to Washington (1960–94) are significantly correlated with a suite of meteorological and oceanographic variables related to the biological productivity of the local coastal region. These variables include strong upwelling, cool sea surface temperature (SST), strong wind mixing, a deep and weakly stratified mixed layer, and low coastal sea level, indicating strong transport of the California Current. Principal component analysis indicates that these variables work in concert to define the dominant modes of physical variability, which appear to regulate nutrient availability and biological productivity. Multiple regression analysis suggests that coho marine survival is significantly and independently related to the dominant modes acting over this region in the periods when the coho first enter the ocean and during the overwintering/spring period prior to their spawning migration. Linear relationships provided good fits to the data and were robust, capable of predicting randomly removed portions of the data set. 相似文献
36.
Chin Soon Lionel Ng Tai Chong Toh Kok Ben Toh James Guest Loke Ming Chou 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(11):1852-1860
The dietary habits of the sea urchin Salmacis sphaeroides and the gastropod Trochus maculatus in ex situ mariculture were examined. Fouling algal assemblages on terracotta tiles were exposed to the grazers and compared. Except for Day 0, the assemblages on Days 2, 13 and 27 differed significantly across treatments. S. sphaeroides rapidly consumed most algae, leaving an assemblage dominated by turf algae and bare tile. T. maculatus primarily fed on green filamentous algae, resulting in an even distribution of other algal functional groups, while control tiles were dominated by green filamentous algae. Using three representative fouling algae species (Bryopsis corymbosa, Hypnea spinella and Lobophora variegata), the consumption rates of both grazers and dietary preferences of S. sphaeroides were examined through a single‐diet and a choice experiment respectively. The single‐diet experiment revealed differential algal consumption rates for S. sphaeroides (H. spinella = B. corymbosa > L. variegata) and T. maculatus (B. corymbosa > H. spinella = L. variegata). The choice experiment showed that S. sphaeroides preferred H. spinella over the other two species. These experiments highlighted the importance of understanding the dietary habits of grazers as this has direct implications on their effectiveness as biological controls of fouling macroalgae in mariculture. 相似文献
37.
The question of what determines plant community composition is fundamental to the study of plant community ecology. We examined
the relative roles of historical land use, landscape context, and the biophysical environment as determinants of plant community
composition in regenerating citrus groves in north-central Florida. Results were interpreted in light of plant functional
traits. Herbaceous and woody plants responded differently to broad-scale variables; herbs correlated most strongly with surrounding
land cover at a scale of 8 km, while the only significant determinant of woody species distributions was local land use history.
There were significant correlations between herbaceous species and spatial context, habitat isolation, environmental variables,
and historical variables. Partial Mantel tests indicated that each variable provided a unique contribution in explaining some
of the variation in the herbaceous dataset. The correlation between woody plants and local historical variables remained significant
even with other effects corrected for. In the herbaceous community, species composition was linked to functional traits much
as expected from classical theory. While spatial influences in our study system are important for both woody and herbaceous
plants, the primary determinant of plant community composition in regenerating citrus groves is historical land use. Our results
suggest that the fine-scale mechanisms of local competition, tolerance and facilitation invoked by many classical studies
may ultimately be less important than land use history in understanding current plant community composition in regenerating
agricultural areas. 相似文献
38.
The present study examines the pattern of accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and its biochemical effects on selected tissues of
a variety of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), after exposure to various doses of Cd. The results obtained indicate that at the end of 21 days of exposure, the total
tissue organ cadmium concentration followed the pattern kidney > gill > liver > muscle for each of the exposure concentrations.
The levels of Cd in these organs were higher than those in ambient water. Moreover, while the rate of uptake of Cd increased
with time in the kidney, liver and muscle, it decreased in the gill. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly elevated
only in the kidney of catfish treated with 0.2 and 0.4 ppm of Cd for 7 days compared with the control. Conversely, gill SOD
was significantly decreased in the same concentrations of Cd-treated catfish relative to the control. Statistically similar
levels of SOD were observed in the liver, brain and muscle with all the treatments after the same duration of treatment. In
the fish exposed for 21 days, SOD activity was significantly decreased in the kidney with a corresponding increase in lipid
peroxidation (LPO), but it manifested only with the 0.2- and 0.4-ppm Cd treatment relative to the control. In the liver, however,
Cd exposure significantly increased SOD in the 0.2- and 0.4-ppm treatments of the same duration. In conclusion, the present
study indicates that the accumulation of Cd and its effect on SOD and LPO in C. gariepinus is dependent on concentration, tissue and time 相似文献
39.
40.
为了探索稻田秸秆全量还田油菜免耕飞播生产模式(简称免耕飞播)在晚收水稻田中的生产适应性和实用性,于2018—2019年和2019—2020年在鄂东武穴市开展油菜田间试验,试验设有免耕飞播和习惯旋耕直播(简称旋耕直播),评价2种模式下的油菜产量、肥料利用效率及经济效益的差异。结果表明,免耕飞播模式显著增加油菜产量、肥料偏生产力和经济效益。与旋耕直播模式相比,免耕飞播模式2年的油菜子平均增产216 kg/hm2,增幅为9.8%,N、P、K肥偏生产力分别平均提高8.1%、151.2%和147.6%,种植投入平均减少1 116元/hm2,净利润平均增加2 202元/hm2。说明油菜免耕飞播模式具有抢墒抢温播种、秸秆全面还田保墒保温和养分循环利用、油菜专用缓释肥一次性基施、机械开深沟防渍等优点,增产节本增收效果显著,是一种实用的轻简高效生产模式。 相似文献