以金针菇菌糠为培养基质的猴头菇高效栽培技术

以猴头菇为研究对象,采用金针菇菌糠、滤泥等廉价培养基质,通过优化液体菌种和栽培培养基配方、栽培方式等建立猴头菇高效栽培技术体系.结果表明,猴头菇液体菌种的培养基配方为H3,培养到第4天时活力最强;猴头菇栽培培养基配方W2;栽培方式以小口径、不需要搔菌为好;比较菌糠培养基与纯玉米芯培养基栽培获得的子实体,金针菇菌糠培养基...     

遮荫处理及恢复光照对白菜生长及活性氧代谢的影响

 以白菜耐弱光品种‘矮王’和不耐弱光品种‘绿优’为材料,研究遮荫处理及恢复光照过程中植株生长、活性氧代谢和抗氧化酶活性的变化。结果表明,遮荫处理后‘矮王’品种生长减缓, ‘绿优’品种生长停滞;2品种的MDA含量、O₂-. 产生速率和H₂O₂含量呈现先下降后上升的趋势, POD活性呈上升趋势,而SOD、CAT、APX等酶活呈先下降后上升的趋势;恢复生长光照后,2品种的 MDA含量、O₂-. 产生速率和H₂O₂含量均迅速上升,几种酶活也呈加速上升趋势。遮荫处理后期与恢复光照后‘绿优’的膜脂过氧化现象较‘矮王’严重,‘矮王’通过增加抗氧化酶活性,有效地减轻了膜脂过氧化程度。     

海南西岛九孔鲍养殖水体中细菌胞外产物的分析

2004年11月,自海南西岛的鲍养殖水体中分离出90株菌株。TCBS和2116E培养基分别分离40株(弧菌)和50株(异养菌)。比较了不同分离方法所得到的2批菌株分泌胞外产物的能力。试验结果表明,鲍苗掉板死亡期间,养殖水体中TCBS培养基分离的菌株能分泌脂肪酶、淀粉酶、磷脂酶和明胶酶的比例总体上高于2116E培养基分离的菌株,2116E培养基分离的菌株中能分泌溶血素的比例要略高于TCBS培养基分离的菌株。总体上,后者具有较强分泌胞外产物的能力。因此,这部分具有较强分泌胞外产物能力的菌株应视为鲍苗的潜在致病菌。此外,在对鲍的细菌性病害研究中,除了具有较强分泌胞外产物的菌株外,养殖环境中的菌群结构也是不可忽视的因素。     

复盐胁迫对几种燕麦种子萌发指数的影响

采用加拿大7种燕麦(A.nuda)种子,在不同梯度的Na2SO4、NaCl等组分盐溶液中进行发芽试验.结果表明:复盐胁迫下,种子开始发芽的时间推迟,发芽过程延长,随着盐胁迫浓度的增加,7种燕麦种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数、简易活力指数均有不同程度的降低,而盐害指数升高,且不同品种间存在显著或极显著差异;随复盐浓度的增...     

腐植酸浸种对盐碱胁迫下小麦根系抗氧化系统的影响

采用中性盐( NaCl)和碱性盐(NaHCO3)混合模拟不同浓度盐碱胁迫条件,对龙麦26和克旱16两种同基因型春小麦进行腐植酸浸种处理.分别测定根系氧离子自由基、丙二醛和谷胱甘肽含量,以及过氧化物酶超氧化物歧化酶活性,以探讨腐植酸对盐碱两种胁迫下小麦根系抗氧化系统的调控效应.结果表明:随着盐碱迫浓度的提高,小麦幼苗根系...     

优化施肥对春小麦产量、氮素利用及氮平衡的影响

2009 ～ 2010年,在宁夏引黄灌区分别以宁春11号和宁春16号小麦为供试作物,利用田间试验研究了优化施肥(OPT)和习惯施肥(CON)对春小麦产量、氮素吸收利用和土壤硝态氮累积的影响,表观评估了土壤—小麦体系氮素平衡.结果表明,相对于CK处理,OPT和CON都显著提高春小麦籽粒产量地上部生物量,并促进籽粒N和地上...     

产量和株型性状良好的抗晚斑病花生新种质创制

花生晚斑病抗性常与不良的产量和株型性状相连锁,为发现更多综合性状优良的抗晚斑病品种,以感病亲本中花5号和抗病亲本ICGV 86699及其杂交构建的重组自交系群体（recombined inbreed lines, RIL）为材料,进行晚斑病抗性、产量和株型相关性状的调查,以筛选综合性状优良的抗病新种质。结果表明,4个环境下共发现18个稳定高抗和26个稳定中抗晚斑病的家系;在两个环境中对百果重和单株结果数进行考察,筛选出38个百果重（≥180.0 g）和单株果数（≥20.0个）都比较大的家系;同样,在两个环境中筛选出主茎高（30～60 cm）和总分枝数（≤20.0个）适中的家系54个。综合分析晚斑病病害等级、产量和株型相关性状,共鉴定出4份产量和株型相关性状优良的抗晚斑病新种质,其中1份高抗晚斑病,3份为中抗晚斑病。该研究结果为培育综合性状优良的抗晚斑病花生品种奠定了理论和材料基础。     

Study on Developmental Expression of ApoCⅡ Gene mRNA in Liver Tissues of Pigs

The aim of this study was to investigate the developmental patterns of ApoCⅡ gene mRNA in liver in Mashen and Large White pigs, and study the relationship between the expression level of ApoCⅡ and the lipid metabolism in pigs.The mRNA relative expressions of ApoCⅡ gene in liver at seven stages of 1,30,60,90,120,150,and 180-day old in Mashen and Large White pigs were determined by quantitative Real-time PCR.The results showed that the developmental trend of ApoCⅡ mRNA expression in liver between Mashen and Large White pigs was different.The ApoCⅡ mRNA abundance was decreased from birth to 60-day old,then increased at 90-day old,and decreased again after that in Mashen pig.However,the relative expression amount in Large White pig was gradually decreased from birth to 150-day old and increased again at 180-day old.Except for the ApoCⅡ mRNA expression amount at 1-day old,the differences of the expression amount at other stages in Mashen and Large White pigs were significant or extremely significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The ApoCⅡ mRNA expression in liver was affected by age and breed,and could play an important role in lipid metabolism in pigs.     

Locomotion Score and Its Impacts on Production Performance and Blood Routine Indexes in Chinese Holstein

To investigate the influencing factors of locomotion score (LS) and its impacts on production performance and blood routine index in Holstein,body condition score (BCS),LS and DHI (dairy herd improvement) of 1 486 lactating cows from two dairy farms,and the blood routine indexes of 101 lactating cows from one farm in Beijing were measured.The fixed model was used to analyze the impacts of herd,parity and lactation stage on LS,and the impacts of LS and BCS on daily milk yield,somatic cell score,milk composition and blood routine indexes in dairy cows.The results showed that both parity and lactation stage had significant impacts on LS.The LS increased with the increase of parit,the LS increased by 0.71 from first lactation to fifth and above lactation.The LS of cow in lactation stage Ⅲ(100-199 d) and Ⅵ (after 350 d) were significantly higher than cow in stage Ⅱ (45-99 d)(P<0.05),and both were higher than 2.The LS had no significant impacts on daily milk yield,milk composition and somatic cell score (P>0.05).However,the milk yield of the cow with LS≥4 was the lowest,and a decrease of 2.29 kg was found compared with the cow with LS=1.Among the various blood routine indexes,LS had significant impacts on red blood cell count,hemoglobin content,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and lymphocyte count (P<0.05),and had no significant impacts on white blood cell count (P>0.05).With the increase of LS,the red blood cell count,hemoglobin content,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and lymphocyte count of cows decreased with different extents.There were some problems on the body immunity and hematopoiesis of cows with poor LS.In dairy farm,regular evaluation of LS could be used to find the management problems of feet and legs,which had a great significance to reduce the loss of production performance and early culling caused by hoof disease.     

分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测玉米及其土壤中烟嘧磺隆、莠去津及氯氟吡氧乙酸残留

采用QuEChERS法结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)建立了玉米及其土壤中同时检测烟嘧磺隆、莠去津和氯氟吡氧乙酸残留的分析方法。样品采用乙腈(含体积分数为2%的甲酸)提取,基质固相分散净化后,用UPLC-MS/MS外标法检测定量。结果表明:该方法具有灵敏度高、简便、快速等优点;在0.01~1.0 mg/L质量浓度范围内,3种除草剂的仪器响应值与其质量浓度呈良好线性相关,相关系数大于0.990 6;玉米和土壤样品中3种除草剂的添加水平在0.02~0.5 mg/kg时,平均回收率均为78.9%~117.7%,日内相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于11.6%,日间 RSD 均小于13.9%。 3种除草剂在玉米籽粒、玉米植株和土壤中的定量限(LOQ)均小于7.1μg/kg。