Effect of Fermented Chinese Medicine Preparation by Bacillus subtilis on Growth Performance,Biochemical Indices,Antioxidant Parameters and Ability of Anti-infection of Common Carp

The objective of this study was to evaluate of the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant parameters and ability of anti-infection with Aeromonas hydrophila by adding the fermented Chinese medicine by Bacillus Subtilis to the carp fish feed, and to find out the appropriate supplemental level of fermented Chinese medicine in diets. Carp fingerling with an initial body weight of (35±0.5) g were set up to 6 experimental diets supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.1‰, 0.5‰, 1‰, 2‰ and 3‰ fermented Chinese medicine for 56 days, respectively. Each group had 30 fish and set up 3 repetitions. After the feeding trail,the fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila to calculate the relative percentage survival (RPS).The results showed as follows:Supplementing fermented traditional Chinese medicine by Bacillus subtilis, the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF), the activities of lysozyme (LSZ), complement 3 (C3),total protein (TP),total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC),total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum of common carp were enhanced at different degrees, while the feed coefficient (FCR)and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum were declined at different degrees.When the fermented Chinese medicine supplemental levels were 2‰ and 3‰,the effects were significant (P<0.05)(except for C3, ALP and Cr).The experimental results of the virulence of common carp infected with pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila showed that,the fermented herbal could obviously improve the ability of anti-infection, the immune protective rate of the group with 2‰, 3‰ doses of the fermented Chinese medicine could reach 77.23% and 74.63%, respectively. From what had been discussed above, the group with 2‰ and 3‰ doses of the fermented Chinese medicine had significant effect on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant parameters and Aeromonas hydrophila anti-infection ability. Considering the cost of adding fermented Chinese medicine, the recommendations for the best additive quantity was 2‰.     

113份饲草型六倍体小黑麦种质饲草产量与品质性状的评价

种质资源是遗传研究与作物改良的基础。饲草产量与品质是决定饲草型小黑麦品种利用价值的重要指标。本研究以113份国内外小黑麦种质为材料,通过2年田间种植,对其饲草产量与品质性状进行了分析与评价。结果表明参试小黑麦种质的饲草产量及其品质性状存在极显著差异,其单株鲜草产量分别为36.000～111.560 g与36.310～159.780 g,单株干草产量分别为12.000～27.000 g与9.150～30.150 g,鲜干比分别为2.380～4.370与2.610～6.210,饲草粗蛋白含量分别为6.894%～13.259%与6.680%～14.304%,饲草中性洗涤纤维含量分别为48.480%～74.850%与53.850%～67.980%,酸性洗涤纤维含量分别为26.600%～42.780%与29.000%～39.280%,饲草的相对饲用价值分别为69.650～128.150与79.840～113.170。饲草产量与品质性状的多样性指数范围为1.974～2.075。主成分分析表明,饲草纤维品质因子、饲草产量因子与综合品质因子为前3个主成分,其累计贡献率为82.198%。依据单株干草产量...     

姬松茸水溶性多糖ABP-Ⅱ-a的理化性质

从姬松茸子实体的热水提取物中分离纯化出组分ABP-Ⅱ-a。高压液相层析测得其相对分子量为52500，红外扫描显示有典型的多糖吸收峰。气相色谱分析表明，其单糖组成为葡萄糖、甘露糖、半乳糖和少量阿拉伯糖，摩尔比为35．24：5．19：1．91：1。     

黄瓜新品种中农116 号的选育

中农116 号黄瓜的母本01316 和父本081006 是从国内优良一代杂种园丰元3 号和津优5 号
中经过连续8 代自交纯化定向选择而成的优良自交系。早中熟,主蔓结果为主,瓜码较密。瓜色深绿,
瓜长约30 cm,商品瓜率高。刺瘤密,白刺,瘤小,无棱,无黄色条纹,口感脆甜。抗霜霉病、枯萎病、
WMV、ZYMV,中抗CMV。丰产潜力大,每667 m ² 产量可达10 000 kg 以上,适宜春秋大棚及露地栽培。     

北京、山东和广东黄瓜病毒检测

采集北京顺义和昌平、山东寿光及广东深圳等地田间感染病毒病的黄瓜材料284份,利用黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)、西瓜花叶病毒(WMV)、小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(ZYMV)、黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(CGMMV)及番木瓜环斑病毒(PRSV)5种黄瓜病毒抗体采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法对其进行病毒病种类鉴定。结果表明,顺义和昌平采集到的126份和124份病毒样品,均在其叶片上检测到CMV、WMV、ZYMV 3种病毒,其中CMV检出率最高,均为100.00%;其次是ZYMV,检出率分别为80.95%和66.94%;WMV检出率最低,分别为51.59%和53.23%;在感病果实上只检测到CMV。在寿光采集的28份发病叶片中,检测到CMV、WMV、ZYMV、PRSV 4种病毒,其检出率分别为100.00%、35.71%、35.71%、17.86%。在深圳采集的6份黄瓜感病材料中,检测到CMV、WMV、PRSV 3种病毒,其检出率分别为100.00%、50.00%、50.00%。调查结果还发现,在北京顺义和昌平、山东寿光及广东深圳均存在2种或2种以上病毒复合侵染的现象。     

石海椒愈伤组织诱导与增殖研究

对石海椒幼嫩叶片和茎段进行了愈伤组织的诱导增殖研究,以期探寻其诱导和增殖的最佳条件。结果表明:石海椒的叶片和茎段都能诱导出愈伤组织,但最佳外植体为叶片,叶片和茎段在0.1%升汞中适合消毒时间为6 min和10 min。叶片最适诱导培养基为B5+0.6 mg/L6-BA+2.0 mg/L NAA,增殖培养基为B5+0.6 mg/L 6-BA+1.25 mg/L NAA。基本培养基和生长调节剂对愈伤诱导的影响是NAA>6-BA>基本培养基。     

德国鸢尾新品种"魂断蓝桥"离体快繁的研究

以"魂断蓝桥"的花葶为外植体进行不定芽的诱导和继代增殖的研究。结果表明:将花葶分节点接种在MS+BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L中,其不定芽的分化率最高;在继代增殖过程中,把带芽量为4~5个的外植体接种在MS+BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L中,继代周期为30 d,其增殖系数达到最大。     

几个中晚熟桃品种引种浙江嘉兴的生物学性状评价

对日本品种黄金桃、清水白桃、新川中岛白桃及中国品种徐蜜桃等4个中、晚熟桃品种的主要生物学性状进行评价.结果表明,清水白桃和黄金桃着果率高,产量高,果实大,果形圆整,风味鲜甜,外观美丽,品质优,是适合浙江嘉兴栽培的首选品种,尤其黄金桃果实硬度较大,可长途运输.新川中岛白桃配置花期接近的授粉树后,可达到一定的产量,品质特优...     

设施蔬菜连作障碍及调控措施研究进展

设施蔬菜生产中的连作障碍普遍存在,主要因素包括土壤的营养平衡被打破、次生盐渍化、生物学特性改变、化感物质的毒害作用等。调控措施包括轮作和间作套种、生物防治、增施有机肥料、选育抗性品种、嫁接栽培、添加吸附剂、合理灌水和施用化肥、土壤消毒处理等。现概述了设施蔬菜连作障碍成因和缓解措施研究成果,以期为调控设施蔬菜连作障碍提供借鉴,并对未来亟需研究解决的问题进行展望。