关新杂交驴部分体尺和产肉性能测定

对8岁新疆驴和关×新F1(关中驴×新疆驴)进行了产肉性能测定,结果表明,在相同的饲养环境条件下,关×新F1驴与新疆驴相比,F1公驴的体高、体重和胴体重分别提高了16.44%、35.02%和39.52%,杂交优势极显著(P＜0.01);F1母驴体高、体重和胴体重分别提高了18.01%、30.44%和38.23%(P＜0.01).     

网箱与微流水养殖的齐口裂腹鱼肌肉营养成分的比较与分析

本研究比较和分析网箱与微流水两种养殖模式下体质量(76.5±17.8)g和(67.2±8.1)g的齐口裂腹鱼Schizothorax prenanti肌肉常规营养成分。结果显示:两组齐口裂腹鱼肌肉中一般营养成分含量不存在显著性差异,均含有18种氨基酸;除色氨酸(Trp)和组氨酸(His)外,网箱组齐口裂腹鱼肌肉中其余氨基酸、氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量和鲜味氨基酸总量均显著低于微流水组。氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)结果显示:两组齐口裂腹鱼肌肉中必需氨基酸构成合理,色氨酸均为第一限制性氨基酸,赖氨酸在必需氨基酸中评分最高。两组齐口裂腹鱼肌肉中均含有21种脂肪酸,网箱组饱和脂肪酸(SFA)总量和单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量显著低于微流水组,而多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量显著高于微流水组,且n-3/n-6比值要高于网箱组。综上所述,微流水养殖的齐口裂腹鱼营养价值更高。     

基于流域生物资源保护的水库生态调度

阐述了流域水电开发对流域生物资源的影响途径:通道阻隔、水库淹没、径流调节、水温变化等,探讨了流域水电开发对河流连续性、河道洪枯过程、库区生境等生态功能的影响方式.结合三峡水利枢纽工程实例,针对宜昌断面基于流域生物资源保护的流量要求,建立了以水电站发电效益最大为目标的长期优化调度模型,并采用差分进化法进行优化求解,获得了相应的水电站水库调度出流过程,并在此基础上采取人造洪峰、提高下泄水温等生态修复方式保护流域生物资源.建议水库运行调度应在考虑工程功能的同时,兼顾下游及水库的生态功能,以达到流域水资源开发与保护流域健康的生态系统相协调的目的.     

日本沼虾4种群肌肉营养品质的比较

4个种群日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponensis)于2001年8月分别取自太湖、洪泽湖、广西南宁3地天然水域及浙江德清养殖种群。肌肉营养成分测定结果表明,养殖种群的粗蛋白含量为(15.83±0.32)％(质量分数),显著低于3个野生种群(P<0.05),而粗脂肪质量分数为(1.37±0.02)％显著高于野生种群(P<0.05)。3个野生种群中洪泽湖种群鲜味氨基酸含量最高;但太湖种群粗蛋白含量(17.71±0.38)％最高,必需氨基酸组成最为均衡,且单不饱和脂肪酸总量和多不饱和脂肪酸总量均为最高,分别达25.904％和35.953％。比较得出太湖种群日本沼虾肌肉的营养品质最高,养殖种群最低。     

大珠母贝人工苗水泥池中间培育技术的初步研究

为了解决大珠母贝幼贝海区养殖大规模死亡问题,开展了贝苗水池中间培育技术研究。本实验共用3批人工繁殖的2～3mm贝苗,经6个月的水泥池（335m^2）养殖,平均壳长分别增长至35．8mm、27．7mm、23．4mm,平均壳高分别增长至30．1mm、24．9mm、20．1mm,成活率分别为29．5％、17．4％、17．9％。该试验表明,大珠母贝种苗池塘中间培育生长速度快,成活率高,有望克服海区养殖大规模死亡问题。     

六个群体翘嘴红鲌肌肉生化组成的比较

比较分析了中国六群体翘嘴红鲌(Culter alburnus)的肌肉生化组成.试验材料分别取自太湖、兴凯湖、梁子湖、浮桥河水库和南湾水库五个野生群体,以及由太湖野生群体经人工驯养、繁殖数代获得的养殖群体.分析结果表明,各群体之间翘嘴红鲌肌肉的水分、灰分和粗蛋白含量差异不显著(P＞0.05).而养殖群体的粗脂肪含量显著高于其它五个野生群体(P＜0.05).南湾水库群体的多不饱和脂肪酸和必需脂肪酸含量均最高,必需脂肪酸含量由高到低依次为南湾水库群体＞浮桥河水库群体＞兴凯湖群体＞梁子湖群体＞养殖群体＞太湖群体.氨基酸总含量由高到低依次为:太湖群体＞兴凯湖群体＞南湾水库群体＞梁子湖群体＞浮桥河水库群体＞养殖群体,而必需氨基酸含量的高低顺序为:太湖群体＞兴凯湖群体＞梁子湖群体＞南湾水库群体＞浮桥河水库群体＞养殖群体.相比之下,太湖群体的必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)最高,其次依次为:南湾水库群体＞梁子湖群体＞兴凯湖群体＞浮桥河水库群体＞养殖群体.各群体的大多数必需氨基酸氨基酸分(AAS)和化学分(CS)均大于1,仅兴凯湖群体的赖氨酸、苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸的AAS低于1,养殖群体的赖氨酸和缬氨酸的AAS和赖氨酸、蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸、苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸和缬氨酸的CS小于1,而成为各自的限制性氨基酸.综合所得的结果,野生群体的肌肉营养品质明显优于养殖群体,而野生群体中太湖、兴凯湖和南湾水库群体的肌肉品质相对较优.     

黄金树花器官发生及发育的形态观察

利用普通光学显微镜和扫描电镜技术对黄金树花器官的发生及发育过程进行了观察.结果显示:(1)黄金树花器官的形态发生及发育过程集中于3月下旬-5月上旬;(2)花原基分化形成花的整个过程符合一般的分化顺序:花萼原基-花冠原基-雄蕊原基-雌蕊原基,且各原基在分化顺序上存在交叉;(3)花药及胚珠的发育与花器官的形态发生之间有明显的连续性,当花蕾直径为3.0 mm左右时花粉母细胞及完整的花粉囊壁形成,直径达到3.5 mm左右时胚珠中出现孢原细胞的分化,它直接起大孢子母细胞的功能.     

Caelastrol and pristimerin derived from Leigongteng inhibit promoter activity of HLA-B*2705 gene

AIM: To screen the effective chemicals, which can suppress the promoter activity of the HLA-B*2705 gene as potential therapeutic agents. METHODS: The HeLa-HLA-B27, 293T-HLA-B27 stable transfectants were used to monitor the effect of 12 264 chemicals through high throughput screening (HTS). Chemicals which regulates HLA-B*2705 promoter activity more than 150% or less than 60% were picked out for the further IC50/EC50 and cell viability detection. RESULTS: (1) The primary screening used by 293T-HLA-B27 stable transfectant yielded about 5.1% hits which either suppressed (556 chemicals) or enhanced (68 chemicals) the HLA-B*2705 promoter activity. (2) A reconfirmation screening was carried out with these 624 of the candidates using transfected HeLa-HLA-B27 cells. Seventy hits were confirmed. (3) Based on the bioinformatics of those positive hits, 40 chemicals were selected for in-depth analysis by dose-response experiment and IC50/EC50 detection. Six suppressors showed potential pharmacological activities. Interestingly, two suppressors (celastrol and pristimerin) are derived from Leigongteng, a herbal medicine already used for several decades for treatment of immune regulatory and inflammatory diseases. Four active chemicals were computer designed with no relevance to the above structures. CONCLUSION: Chinese traditional herb Nansheteng and Leigongteng might be the potential drugs for HLA-B27 positive patients. These results provide new direction for research in both the therapeutics and the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis.     

小果型西瓜新品种‘圣女红2号’

 ‘圣女红2号’为优质、特早熟、小果型西瓜新品种。植株长势强健, 抗病抗逆性强, 雌花出现早, 易坐果, 果实膨大快, 单果质量1.8～2.2 kg。果实椭圆形, 浅绿底覆墨绿细条带, 果肉浓粉红色, 肉质松脆细嫩, 品质佳, 适合各地春播大中棚特早熟覆盖栽培。     

Role of nestin in the maintenance of the structure of podocytes

AIM:To investigate the expression of nestin, a kind of cytoskeletal protein in cultured murine podocytes and the role of nestin in the maintenance of the podocyte structure.METHODS:The immortalized murine podocytes were cultured. The expression of nestin was determined by immunofluorescence. In differentiated podocytes, the expression of nestin was knock-down by RNAi. The effect of nestin knock-down was examined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The projections longer than maximal length of the cell body in which the cells transfected with siRNA and control vector that contained nonhomologous oligo were counted, respectively. RESULTS:Nestin siRNA markedly reduced or abolished nestin expression. In cells transfected with nestin siRNA, the percentage of cells with processes was significantly lower than that in cells transfected with control vector (77.0%±6.3% vs 16.0%±4.6%, n=3, P<0.01). CONCLUSION:Nestin may play an important role in maintaining normal function of podocytes.