Infrared emission spectra: enhancement of diagnostic features by the lunar environment

Information diagnostic of general rock type is available as a well-defined emission maximum (related to the Christiansen frequency), rather than as contrast-depleted minima, in the infrared spectra of particulate solids. The amount of spectral information varies directly with the sharpness of the thermal gradient at the sample surface. Lunar thermal conditions optimize this gradient, making the moon an excellent target for remote sensing.     

Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of endometrial cancer: a prospective cohort study

OBJECTIVE: High-glycaemic-load diets may increase endometrial cancer risk by increasing circulating insulin levels and, as a consequence, circulating oestrogen levels. Given the paucity of epidemiological data regarding the relationship between dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk, we sought to examine these associations using data from a prospective cohort study. DESIGN, SETTING AND SUBJECTS: We examined the association between dietary glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk in a cohort of 49,613 Canadian women aged between 40 and 59 years at baseline who completed self-administered food-frequency questionnaires between 1982 and 1985. Linkages to national mortality and cancer databases yielded data on deaths and cancer incidence, with follow-up ending between 1998 and 2000. RESULTS: During a mean of 16.4 years of follow-up, we observed 426 incident cases of endometrial cancer. Hazard ratios for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of overall glycaemic index and glycaemic load were 1.47 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.90-2.41; P for trend = 0.14) and 1.36 (95% CI = 1.01-1.84; P for trend = 0.21), respectively. No association was observed between total carbohydrate or total sugar consumption and endometrial cancer risk. Among obese women (body mass index >30 kg m(-2)) the hazard ratio for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load was 1.88 (95% CI = 1.08-3.29; P for trend = 0.54) and there was a 55% increased risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load among premenopausal women. There was also evidence to support a positive association between glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women who had used hormone replacement therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that diets with high glycaemic index or high glycaemic load may be associated with endometrial cancer risk overall, and particularly among obese women, premenopausal women and postmenopausal women who use hormone replacement therapy.     

油梨营养梢和生殖梢中生长素的向基运输与钙分配的关系

在限制蒸腾流至最小的条件下,为,测定了剪下的油梨花、幼果和营养梢的吲哚—3—乙酸(IAA)输出量和~(45)Ca 吸收量。试验中包括了生长素运输抑制剂处理,以便弄清 IAA 对 Ca 的分配是否有影响。IAA 水平用放射免疫法测定。开花后的前5周内,IAA 输出和~(45)Ca 吸收以营养梢最强。生殖器官较弱。对 Ca 分配的竞争和控和制问题进行了讨论。     

澳洲坚果幼苗的需硼量

在美国夏威夷进行温室试验,测定了澳洲坚果的树体需硼量和土壤需硼量。供试土壤采自商盘栽培澳洲坚果的夏威夷,为典型的水成火山灰始成土。试验设10个硼水平(0—32毫克硼/公斤土),定期监测外观症状、叶片干重、叶片硼浓度和土壤溶液的硼浓度,以确定植株对硼处理的反应。澳洲坚果的树体需硼量比其它作物高,叶