油菜薹和蕾中硫代葡萄糖苷组分及含量分析

采用超高效液相色谱(UPLC)法,对30个油菜品种薹和蕾中硫代葡萄糖苷(glucosinolate,简称硫苷)的组分及含量进行测定。结果表明:30个油菜品种的总硫苷含量变异范围较大,在21.67～119.29μmol·g^-1之间;大多数油菜品种蕾中的硫苷含量高于薹,蕾中硫苷含量均值为37.26μmol·g^-1,薹中为28.06μmol·g^-1;薹和蕾中的硫苷组分相似,均以4-戊烯基硫苷和2-羟基-3-丁烯基硫苷为主要成分,两者在薹和蕾中的含量分别占总硫苷含量的46.24%、28.52%和45.19%、29.13%。进一步分析高、中、低硫苷含量油菜品种的硫苷组分及含量,结果表明油菜不同品种间硫苷含量的差异主要是由4-戊烯基硫苷引起的。     

日光温室土壤限根下不同施钙量对番茄品质产量及植株养分的影响

以“京番301”番茄为试验材料,采用土壤限根栽培方式,以CaO施入量0(T1)、300(T2)、600(T3)、900(T4)、1200(T5)kg·hm-2设置5个处理,以不施入任何肥料为对照(CK),研究不同施钙量对番茄果实品质、产量及养分含量的影响,以期为钙肥的高效合理利用和高品质番茄的生产提供参考。结果表明:钙肥的施入降低植株株高、茎粗和叶面积,但可以提高叶片叶绿素含量。钙肥有利于改善果实的营养品质,T4处理可溶性固形物和可溶性总糖含量最高,显著高于其它各处理,比T1处理分别提高了24.4%和62.3%。T1处理平均单果质量、小区产量和单位面积产量较大,钙肥的增产作用在试验中表现不明显。各养分在一定的钙肥范围内,随钙肥的增加而增加。综合分析,T4处理果实营养品质较好,T1处理产量较高。     

果蝇毛锤角细蜂对黑腹果蝇蛹不同龄期的选择性

黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster Meigen是浆果类水果的果实害虫之一,对葡萄果实为害严重。毛锤角细蜂Trichopria drosophilae是黑腹果蝇的蛹寄生蜂之一。本文在温度26℃、相对湿度50%、光周期14L:10D的室内条件下,研究了毛锤角细蜂对不同日龄黑腹果蝇蛹的选择性。结果表明:毛锤角细蜂可寄生黑腹果蝇各日龄的蛹,但偏爱寄生预蛹。在寄主预蛹时,毛锤角细蜂的出蜂量、寄生率和选择系数分别为14.00头、35%和0.13,均显著高于1~3日龄蛹;不同日龄的黑腹果蝇蛹对毛锤角细蜂后代发育历期和雌蜂比没有显著影响。综上所述,黑腹果蝇的预蛹是毛锤角细蜂寄生的最佳时期。以黑腹果蝇为寄主时,研究毛锤角细蜂的寄生规律对于黑腹果蝇及其他果蝇的生物防治具有重要的指导意义。     

基于镧系金属有机框架材料检测水体中酰胺类除草剂残留的可视化技术研究

研发水体中酰胺类农药残留简便快捷的检测技术,对评估农药造成的水体污染和提出相应的治理对策具有重要意义。以共掺杂镧系金属离子 (Eu3+ 和Tb3+) 作为配位金属离子,分别利用水热法和微波法制备了镧系金属有机框架材料 (lanthanide metal-organic frameworks, Ln-MOF),对其结构和性质进行了表征,并采用所制备的Ln-MOF对水体中残留的5种常见酰胺类除草剂 (乙草胺、异丙草胺、丙草胺、敌草胺和异丙甲草胺) 进行了定性和定量分析。结果表明:与水热法相比,采用微波法制备的Ln-MOF样品呈蓬松的簇状、结晶度好,且具有更高的发光效率,故选择微波法制备Ln-MOF。农药残留检测试验结果表明,不同除草剂对Tb3+和Eu3+的发光会产生差别性猝灭,并使整体发射光发生变化,进而实现水体中农药的可视化检测。进一步研究发现,荧光强度比值I (Tb3+)/I (Eu3+) 与丙草胺浓度在0.1~1 mmoL/L范围时呈线性相关,线性相关系数R2 = 0.998,检测限 (LOD) 为0.08 mmoL/L。另外,该材料对于用湖水配制的除草剂溶液也具有一定的定性检测能力。本研究结果展现了Ln-MOF用于水体中酰胺类除草剂的定性、定量分析具有良好应用前景。     

基于家族基因分析的甘蓝MLPK互作PUB蛋白的筛选

MLPK(M–位点受体激酶)是芸薹属自交不亲和正向调控关键元件,其参与自交不亲和信号传导的分子机制尚不明确,同时自交不亲和下游信号元件也有待于进一步分离。为了探索分离MLPK互作蛋白的思路和方法,构建了不含核定位信号的MLPK短截蛋白(MLPK-T),并利用酵母双杂交检测到MLPK与臂重复蛋白1(ARC1)作用,通过全基因组鉴定分别获得了96个甘蓝、101个白菜、70个琴叶拟南芥和62个拟南芥PUB蛋白,其中含有臂重复序列的PUB蛋白共为127个。通过系统进化分析,筛选到8个含臂重复序列的甘蓝BoPUB蛋白,其8个基因全部在柱头内表达,且成功利用酵母双杂交检测到MLPK与3个含臂重复序列的BoPUB蛋白Bol008579、Bol016165和Bol023511相互作用。     

27-Hydroxycholesterol modulates lung cancer cell proliferation by activation of LXR signaling pathway

AIM:To investigate the effect of cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) on the proliferation of lung cancer cells. METHODS:Human lung cancer A549 cells were treated with 27-OHC at different concentrations (0, 0.3125, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 μmol/L) for 24~48 h. The cell viability, cell cycle, cell prolife-ration, the intracellular cholesterol levels and cholesterol metabolism-related molecule expression were subsequently assessed by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, EdU staining, tissue total cholesterol detection kit, real-time PCR and Western blot. RESULTS:27-OHC decreased the viability of the A549 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner (P<0.01) and inhibited the cell proliferation (P<0.05). The expression of typical liver X receptor (LXR) downstream target proteins including ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CR) were modulated, which promoted the efflux of intracellular cholesterol, and reduced cholesterol influx and de novo synthesis, resulting in decreased intracellular cholesterol levels and cell viability. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of 27-OHC on A549 cell viability was significantly attenuated after the LXR pathway was partially blocked by 5 μmol/L GSK2033 treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:27-OHC inhibits A549 cell prolife-ration via activation of LXR signaling pathway.     

番木瓜ERF家族与果实成熟相关成员的分析

通过比较分析番木瓜ERF家族成员的系统进化关系、基本理化性质、保守基序、启动子顺式元件,结合分析番木瓜在乙烯利和乙烯抑制剂1–甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)处理下以及不同成熟期果肉的RNA-seq数据,筛选出22个ERF家族成员进行表达差异分析,最终比较得出两个处理数据中显著差异表达基因有18个,推测这些基因可能在番木瓜果实成熟过程中起重要作用。     

Suramin alleviates hypertrophic scar in mice by inhibiting fibroplasia and inflammatory response

AIM: To investigate the therapeutical effect of suramin on hypertrophic scar (HPS) and its mechanism. METHODS: After the mouse model of HPS was established by mechanical stretching, the suramin solution at low dose (5 mg/kg) and high dose (10 mg/kg) was applied onto the scar site caused by mechanical load in mice by transdermal administration once a day for 10 d. The degree of scar hyperplasia was observed by macroscopy. The scar cross-sectional area and scar elevation index in the HPS tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in HPS tissues were detected by immumohistochemical staining. The expression level of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in HPS tissues was detected by immunofluorescence staining, RT-qPCR and Western blot. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-β1 in the HPS tissues were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Macroscopic observation showed that the surface areas of scar in the HPS mice after treatment with suramin at low and high doses were significantly reduced (P<0.01). HE staining results showed that the scar cross-sectional area and the scar elevation index of HPS mice after treatment with suramin at low and high doses were significantly reduced (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The results of immunofluorescence staining, RT-qPCR and Western blot showed that the number of α-SMA positive cells and the mRNA and protein expression of α-SMA in scar tissues of HPS mice after treatment with suramin at low and high doses were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression levels of TGF-β1 and IL-6 in scar tissues of HPS mice after treatment with suramin at low and high doses were significantly reduced (P<0.01). The results of ELISA showed that the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-β1 in the scar tissues of HPS mice after treatment with suramin at low and high doses were significantly reduced (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Suramin inhibits the formation of HPS, which may be related to the inhibition of fibroplasia and reduction of local inflammatory response.