第8届国际甜椒圃地试验报告

从6个方面对参试品种进行了比较分析,结论认为：除ISPN8#3在陕西岐山试验地表现差以外,其余品种（系）均表现优良。     

猪δ冠状病毒实时荧光RT-PCR检测方法的建立与应用

为灵敏、快速检测猪δ冠状病毒(porcine deltacoronavirus,PDCoV),根据PDCoVM基因保守区域设计引物和探针,建立了一种PDCoV实时荧光RT-PCR检测方法,并评价了该方法的特异性、灵敏性和重复性。结果显示,该方法的拷贝数对数值与Ct值在1.3×10³～1.3×10⁷ copies/μL拷贝数浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,R²=0.994;最低检出限为13 copies/μL,且无非特异性扩增;批内和批间重复性试验变异系数(CV)为0.24%～2.15%,均小于3%。利用该方法和普通RT-PCR对42份临床样品同时进行检测,发现本方法比普通RT-PCR灵敏性更高,二者符合率为95.2%。以上结果表明,本试验建立的实时荧光RT-PCR方法灵敏、特异、可靠,可用于PDCoV的临床检测和流行病学调查。     

水涨龙眼结果母枝内源激素含量变化对花芽分化的影响

应用酶联免疫法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）,测定了涨龙眼花芽分化期间结果母枝内源激素ｉＰＡｓ、ＧＡｓ、ＡＢＡ及ＩＡＡ的含量变化。结果表明,生理分化期花芽内源激素含量：ＡＢＡ〉ｉＰＡｓ〉ＩＡＡ〉ＧＡｓ;形成分化期为：ＡＢＡ〉ＩＡＡ〉ｉＰＡｓ〉ＧＡｓ。生理分化期主形态分化期叶芽内源激素含量均为：ＡＢＡ〉ｉＰＡｓ〉ＧＡｓ〉ＩＡＡ。生理分化期：与叶芽相比,花芽的ｉＰＳｓ、ＧＡｓ和ＩＡＡ含量高,ＡＢＡ含量低。形态分化期：     

光谱技术在茶叶理化指标检测中的研究进展

光谱技术由于其快速、无损、便捷的特点,是目前发展较快,应用较广的技术之一,本文介绍了紫外可见光谱、近红外光谱、荧光光谱、拉曼光谱、高光谱成像等多种光谱技术的原理,着重介绍了其在茶叶分类、成分检测、品质评价等方面的应用情况和研究进展。     

龙眼幼苗镁素吸收特性研究

龙眼镁素吸收曲线、电子探针分析以及代谢抑制剂对龙眼镁吸收影响等三方面的研究结果表明,龙眼镁素吸收特性取决于介质供镁状况,供镁浓度低（≤０．４０ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）时,龙眼对镁的吸收受代谢控制,属主动吸收;供镁浓度高（＞０．４０ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）时,属被动吸收。 Ｋ＋、Ｃａ２＋对镁的吸收有明显的抑制作用,但其机制并不相同。 Ｋ＋抑制 Ｍｇ２＋的吸收作用不是由于与Ｍｇ２＋竞争载体,而是Ｋ＋引起Ｍｇ２＋载体蛋白发生变构作用;Ｃａ２＋对Ｍｇ２＋吸收的影响可能与膜透性的改变有关。     

农用柴油机曲轴材料-42CrMo钢的磨削淬火试验研究

为了提高农用柴油机曲轴的强度,对曲轴材料42CrMo钢进行了磨削淬火试验,并进行了42CrMo钢的显微硬度试验及扫描电镜试验。结果表明：在磨削深度为0.1～0.6mm,调质态42CrMo钢试件表层均得到了显微硬度值高于510HV的淬硬层,最高硬度值为850HV。淬硬层表层由细小的板条状马氏体组成,浅表层由较粗大板条状马...     

尼罗罗非鱼出肉率与可量性状的相关性

运用统计分析方法研究了吉富品系和埃及品系尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochro misniloticus)2龄成鱼雌、雄个体的出肉率和可量性状之间的相关性。结果显示,尼罗罗非鱼的平均出肉率为38.68%,雄性个体出肉率比雌性个体略高,吉富品系出肉率比埃及品系略高。尼罗罗非鱼出肉率与可量性状间存在较强的线性关系,拟合方程相关系数为0.985。在有显著意义的可量性状相关系数中(P0.01),与肉片质量和出肉率的相关性均最高的可量性状为体质量,相关系数分别为0.964和0.575;其次为体高、体长和体厚。而头长与肉片质量、出肉率均呈负相关关系。雄性个体的相关系数均高于雌性个体,在雄性个体中,出肉率与体质量的相关系数为0.630,与体高的相关系数为0.617,均为中等程度相关。对可量性状之间的比值与出肉率进行相关性分析,相关系数普遍比单个性状高,特别在雄性个体中表现明显。其中相关系数较高的比例组合有身长/头长比值(0.765)、体长/头长比值(0.732)、身长/体厚比值(0.703),均达到较强程度的相关,比单个性状的相关性有明显提高。结果表明,利用可量性状预测罗非鱼的出肉率是可行的。     

Effect of dietary lipid levels on growth performance,fatty acid profile and enzymatic activity of juvenile swimming crab,Portunus trituberculatus

The main objective of this investigation was to study the lipid requirements of the early juvenile (C1) swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) based on growth performance, survival, moulting and fatty acid profile. Four test diets were formulated with graded lipid levels (3.63%, 6.70%, 10.72% and 13.91%). Each diet was fed to 4 replicates of crabs (30 crabs per replicate initial weight (8.4 ± 0.1 mg). In this study, crabs fed diets with 13.91% lipid had significantly (p < 0.05) higher survival than crabs fed with 3.63% lipid, but no significant (p > 0.05) improvement of survival was observed when dietary lipid increase from 6.70% to 13.91%. Crabs fed diets with 10.72% and 13.91% lipid had significant higher weight gain(WG) than crabs fed with 3.63% lipid. While crabs fed with diets containing 6.70%, 10.72% and 13.91% lipid showed no significant (p > 0.05) difference in weight gain(WG). Moreover, the lowest moulting number was observed in crabs fed diets with 3.63% lipid, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) among other groups. The content of LC‐PUFA and DHA in the crabs fed diets with 3.63% lipid was significant (p < 0.05) lower compared to other groups. But there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in EPA and ARA content among all groups. The activity of lipase increased as dietary lipid level increased (from 6.70% to 10.72%). However, beyond 10.72%, a significant (p < 0.05) decreased in lipase activity was observed. The regression analysis of weight gain data indicated that crab fed diet containing 10.47% lipid level is considered as optimum lipid level for its maximum growth and moulting process.     

菲律宾蛤仔二种I型溶菌酶的重组表达和抑菌活性

为研究病原微生物刺激后,菲律宾蛤仔I型溶菌酶的免疫应答反应,实验采用重组表达技术,从菲律宾蛤仔中得到2种I型溶菌酶的重组蛋白rVpILYZ-1和rVpILYZ-2,发现其均具有较为广谱的抑菌活性;其中,rVpILYZ-1对副溶血弧菌、灿烂弧菌和藤黄微球菌等具较强的抑菌活性,而rVpILYZ-2对副溶血弧菌抑菌活性较强,且二者均通过非酶抑菌活性和胞壁酸酶活性来发挥抑菌作用。结果显示,rVpILYZ-1最适pH和温度分别为6.5和20 ℃,而rVpILYZ-2最适pH和温度则分别为4.5和10 ℃。此外,rVpILYZ-1和rVpILYZ-2均具免疫调理活性,能够促进血细胞对病原菌的吞噬作用。研究表明,VpILYZ-1和VpILYZ-2在菲律宾蛤仔清除病原微生物的免疫应答反应中发挥重要作用。