Effects of Selenium Yeast on Growth Performance and Some Blood Biochemical Indexes in Laying Ducks of Rearing Period in Cages under High Ambient Temperature

The study was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of selenium yeast(SeY, added as selenium content) on growth performance and some biochemical indexes in Jinding laying ducks under high temperature (29-35℃). 144 Jinding laying ducks of rearing period (10-16 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups, control group, experimental groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ, supplemented with 0, 0.15, 0.45 and 0.75 mg/kg Se, respectively. The results showed that compared with the control group, the addition of SeY to the diets could significantly increase the average daily feed intakes (ADFI) of ducks at 14-16 weeks old (P<0.05); The body weights of ducks in group Ⅰ at 13-15 weeks old were significant higher than that in the control group (P<0.05),and the body weight at 16 weeks old was higher than the other three groups significantly (P<0.05),there was no significant difference between the body weight and standard body weight at 16 weeks old in group Ⅰ(P>0.05), but the body weights of other three groups were extremely significantly lower than the standard weight (P<0.01); There was no significant difference among the four groups for feed to gain ratios (F/G), while the group Ⅰ was the lowest; AST activities of group Ⅰ were significantly lower than group Ⅱ(P<0.05), LDH activities of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were lower than the control group significantly (P<0.05), and LDH activities of groupⅠ were lower than groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ significantly (P<0.05). TCH concentrations of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were higher than group Ⅲ significantly (P<0.05). It is concluded that the addition of 0.15 mg/kg of Se (added as SeY) could obviously improve the growth performance of the laying ducks in reared cages, protect the function of liver, promote the TCH concentrations of duck serum.     

谷氨酰胺二肽的代谢及其在断奶仔猪中的应用

谷氨酰胺二肽是谷氨酰胺和其他氨基酸形成的二肽,因其特有的生物学功能,近年来逐渐受到动物营养学家的广泛关注,国内外许多研究者也开展了谷氨酰胺二肽在动物上的研究工作。笔者就谷氨酰胺二肽的代谢及其对早期断奶仔猪生长性能、能量利用、抗氧化机能等的影响进行了综述。     

不同贮藏时间的普洱茶香气成分分析

采用顶空—固相微萃取技术提取不同贮藏时间的普洱茶香气成分, 经气质联用分析鉴定, 结果表明, 贮藏30 年、25 年、6 年和当年生产的茶样中, 萜烯化合物及其衍生物含量分别为51.42%、89.15%、74.10%、39.72%。但陈茶与新茶中的萜烯化合物及其衍生物的种类却有明显的不同, 陈茶中以反-丁香烯为主, 在贮藏30年、25年、6年茶样中的含量分别达36.78%、66.98%、56.08% , 而当年生产的样品以愈创木烯为主, 其含量达33130% , 反- 丁香烯含量仅为1102%。与当年生产的茶样相比, 陈茶香气成分种类和含量都较少, 贮藏30年、25年、6年茶样分别鉴定出23、24、22种香气化合物, 而当年生产的茶样共鉴定出36种化合物。     

茶树新品种‘佛香3号’

 ‘佛香3号’是利用‘福鼎大白茶’ ( ♀) ב长叶白毫’ ( ♂) 人工授粉杂交, 从F1 中单株选育而成, 为高香、优质、高产、抗逆性强, 适制绿茶的新品种。绿茶外形满披银毫, 香气高长, 滋味鲜醇, 叶底黄绿明亮; 优质干茶产量2 371.2 kg·hm^-2, 适宜在云南大叶茶区推广种植。     

Projections of temperature extremes based on preferred CMIP5 models:a case study in the Kaidu-Kongqi River basin in Northwest China

The extreme temperature has more outstanding impact on ecology and water resources in arid regions than the average temperature. Using the downscaled daily temperature data from 21 Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project(CMIP) models of NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections(NEX-GDDP) and the observation data, this paper analyzed the changes in temporal and spatiotemporal variation of temperature extremes, i.e., the maximum temperature(Tmax) and minimum temperature(Tmin), in the Kaidu-Kongqi River basin in Northwest China over the period 2020–2050 based on the evaluation of preferred Multi-Model Ensemble(MME). Results showed that the Partial Least Square ensemble mean participated by Preferred Models(PM-PLS) was better representing the temporal change and spatial distribution of temperature extremes during 1961–2005 and was chosen to project the future change. In 2020–2050, the increasing rate of Tmax(Tmin) under RCP(Representative Concentration Pathway) 8.5 will be 2.0(1.6) times that under RCP4.5, and that of Tmin will be larger than that of Tmax under each corresponding RCP. Tmin will keep contributing more to global warming than Tmax. The spatial distribution characteristics of Tmax and Tmin under the two RCPs will overall the same; but compared to the baseline period(1986–2005), the increments of Tmax and Tmin in plain area will be larger than those in mountainous area. With the emission concentration increased, however, the response of Tmax in mountainous area will be more sensitive than that in plain area, and that of Tmin will be equivalently sensitive in mountainous area and plain area. The impacts induced by Tmin will be universal and farreaching. Results of spatiotemporal variation of temperature extremes indicate that large increases in the magnitude of warming in the basin may occur in the future. The projections can provide the scientific basis for water and land plan management and disaster prevention and mitigation in the inland river basin.     

适宜黄绿木霉T1010生长培养料筛选

木霉广泛存在于土壤、根际及其它基质中,对植物土传病原真菌具有拮抗作用。扩大生防因子黄绿木霉(Trichoderma aureoviride)T1010培养料范围是利用生产地资源扩大生产、大面积应用的前提。本试验通过测定黄绿木霉T1010的菌丝生长和分生孢子生长,黄绿木霉T1010在固体基本培养基上生长,最佳碳源为淀粉;优化了培养条件,确定最适宜种子培养用PD培养基,摇瓶培养,生长时间3d后,菌丝生长量为5.75g/ml;最经济适宜扩大培养基为玉米15g/L,豆粉5g/L,摇瓶培养3d后,菌丝生长量为5.83g/ml;最适宜的、经济的固体发酵培养基为麦麸∶醋渣∶水=2∶1∶3.3,发酵产物孢子量为2.46×1010cfu/g。本文研究确定黄绿木霉T1010腐解培养料的能力为多方面扩大生产黄绿木霉制剂提供了科学依据。     

不同沼液灌溉量对西瓜产量及土壤环境的影响

对规模养殖场沼液灌溉西瓜进行田间试验,结果表明,不同沼液灌溉量处理与常规施用化肥的对照处理相比,对土壤质量基本无影响,用大量沼液浇灌替代化肥使用,对西瓜产量基本无影响,合理施用沼液进行农田灌溉不仅可以减轻规模养殖场污水处理的排放压力,还可以减少化肥施用量,提高西瓜的品质。     

2种方法在荒漠草原植物种群分布格局中的适用性比较

研究首次比较了2种方法在测定荒漠草原6种植物种群分布格局中的适用性.结果表明,方差均值比率法及聚集强度指数法中的多个指数都适合于这6种植物分布格局的计算.但其中的聚块性指数法的运算难度较大,宜慎用.比较结果这6种植物种群皆为聚集分布,但聚集程度有所差别.     

扬州城市道路部分绿化树种滞尘效应研究

以扬州市城区干道绿化树种为试材,研究了滞尘指标以及树种、地段、季节因素等对叶面滞尘效应评价的影响。结果表明:叶片滞尘量测定值在一定程度上可以反映客观环境空气中的颗粒物含量,以文昌路的最大、校园次之、公园最小,其与采样地点的影响密切相关;常绿灌木的叶片滞尘量较大,则表现为对地面粉尘的拦截能力强。因受树种单叶面积大小、树冠密集度、整株叶量多少和叶片组织结构等制约,各滞尘量指标间不尽一致。乔木树种中:单叶滞尘量(mg)与单位面积滞尘量(g/m2)反映一致,为广玉兰悬铃木银杏枫杨女贞香樟,干重滞尘量(mg/g)变化较大,为枫杨银杏悬铃木广玉兰女贞香樟;综合各项指标比较,以落叶树种的滞尘能力占优势,仅广玉兰的单位面积滞尘量表现最高。灌木树种中:单叶滞尘量(mg)、干重滞尘量(mg/g)均以珊瑚树最大,而单位面积滞尘量(g/m2)以小叶黄杨最大。叶片滞尘量的季节性变化与秸秆焚烧等大气污染的动态变化具有明显的相关性,其中:广玉兰以5月值最高,余皆以10月值最高。     

茄子单性结实差异表达序列鉴定及分析

利用实时荧光定量PCR技术,研究茄子单性结实SSH-c DNA文库中的96条EST序列在单性结实自交系和非单性结实自交系果实发育过程中的表达模式。分析表明,在低温条件下,相对表达量有显著差异的EST序列有31条,总体上调表达的EST序列有17条,总体下调表达的EST序列有14条。通过NCBI对EST序列进行Blastx比对,得到与其同源性高的序列信息。其中5条EST与抵御低温相关,6条EST与植物激素代谢相关,多条EST与植物代谢过程中的蛋白质和碳水化合物合成相关,1条EST无比对结果,可能为新基因。差异表达序列可作为研究茄子单性结实和耐低温的候选基因。