质地多方面分析三个桃品种果实采后质地的变化

以鲜食桃品种"脆保"、"艳保"和"大久保"为试材,采用质构仪质地多方面分析测试法(TPA),研究3个品种果实采后不同贮藏时间的质地变化。结果表明:在室温和低温2种贮藏温度下,3个品种桃果实的硬度随着贮藏时间的延长逐渐下降,而粘附性、弹性、咀嚼性都随贮藏时间延长呈现先上升后下降的趋势,表现为"脆保""艳保""大久保";内聚性变化相对比较平缓。相关性分析表明,桃果实咀嚼性与粘附性呈极显著正相关,二者与果实硬度间亦表现为极显著正相关(P0.01)。弹性与硬度和咀嚼性之间均呈相反的线性相关关系,果肉内聚性值与其它参数值相关性较差。硬度、粘附性、弹性和咀嚼性可用于评价采后桃果实质地的变化,内聚性则反映了果实质地的细微变化。     

去花对菊芋数量学性状的影响

以白皮菊芋为试材,通过对现蕾期菊芋去除1/4花、1/3花、1/2花、全部去除和不去花等5个处理,测定叶片、小花、分枝和块茎数量等相关指标,探讨了去花对菊芋数量学性状的影响规律,为提高菊芋块茎生物产量提供理论依据。结果表明:去花1/3、1/2和全株去花提高了单株菊芋块茎数量,降低单株块茎质量,1/4去花对菊芋单株块茎数量和单个块茎质量影响不显著;去花处理降低了二级分枝和一级分枝的数量;去花处理增加了单株叶片的数量和单片叶片的质量;随着去花数量的增加,单株小花数量呈现"降-升-降"的变化规律,单个小花质量呈现"降-升"的变化趋势。     

不同浓度赤霉素和双氧水对刺茄种子萌发的影响

刺茄种子在常规条件下很难萌发。为寻找促进刺茄种子萌发的试剂,试验以不同浓度的赤霉素(0~1 000mg/L)和双氧水(0%~3.0%)溶液处理刺茄种子,观察记录每天的发芽数,并从种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数3个指标探讨赤霉素和双氧水对种子萌发的影响。结果表明:双氧水和低浓度赤霉素(0~400mg/L)对刺茄种子的萌发没有影响,而高浓度赤霉素(600~1 000mg/L)能显著提高种子萌发。     

野生老芒麦种质资源鉴定与基部叶鞘绒毛变异分析

为更好地利用老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus L.)野生资源,本研究从我国青藏高原、西北、华北、东北地区以及国外部分地区共采集了1 723份野生披碱草属种质资源,通过表型特征观测和流式细胞仪检测,共鉴定出了990份野生老芒麦种质,246份垂穗披碱草种质,并测得老芒麦的DNA含量在5.86～7.30 Gb之间,平均DNA含量为6.66 Gb;垂穗披碱草材料的DNA含量在9.50～10.36 Gb之间,平均DNA含量为9.97 Gb。研究结果显示,在西北、华北以及东北地区的部分野生老芒麦材料在苗期基部叶鞘出现了绒毛,分析发现该表型出现的概率与经度和纬度呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),与海拔、年年均气温以及年平均降雨量呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01)。表明老芒麦苗期基部叶鞘绒毛的有无与环境因子之间存在着必然的联系,可能是老芒麦种质应对不同环境类型的适应性机制之一。本研究为老芒麦的形态鉴定提供了新的依据,为老芒麦种质资源挖掘和育种应用提供了材料基础。     

一种高通量提取棉花BAC-DNA的方法

从文库中筛选目标克隆组成重叠克隆群(contigs)是利用 BAC ( bacterial artificial chro mosome)文库构建物理图谱,进一步进行图位克隆的重要步骤。文库的筛选按原理可分为探针杂交法和PCR法两种。与探针杂交法相比 PCR法具有周期短,灵敏度高,操作简单的特点,因此得到广泛应用。但是,即使利用各种混合策略,相对于数万的文库克隆来说,BAC DNA 的提取仍是PCR法筛选文库不可避免的问题。因此,我们开发了一种高通量的 BAC DNA提取方法,实现在8 h内完成多达 960 个样品的高通量提取,DNA产量达到4~6μg,样品无交叉污染并且避免了…     

Numerical Simulation for B900FD-1 Bulletproof Armor Plate Against Penetration

ANSYS/LS-DYNA is used to simulate the penetration process of B900FD - 1 bulletproof armor plate, Comparisons and analysis were made between numerical simulation and experiment results. The numerical simulations shows that the Johnson-Cook constitutive model could simulate the physical and mechanical behaviors of ductile materials under shock-loaded. The ultimate-thickness of B9OOFD-1 bulletproof armor plate under 500m/s impact velocity is analyzed by more numerical simulations.     

Methods and Techniques to Enhance the Production of Secondary Metabolites in Hairy Roots

Hairy roots culture is a new means to gain the plant secondary metabolites. How to enhance the production of secondary metabolites in hairy roots becomes a new hotspot recently. The authors summarize recent trends and results about the increase of the production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plant hairy roots. The change of culture conditions and the application of biotechnologies can enhance the production of secondary metabolites in hairy roots.     

An EOQ Model at Random when Average Demand Is a Linear Increasing Function

For certain types of inventory, the ordering cycle and demand may be random variants, which satisfy certain types distribution. The classical EOQ model usually neglects the fact. Based on the constant demand, under the hypothesis that the ordering cycle is a random variant which satisfies exponent distribution, average demand is a linear increasing function, this paper considers the effects of the time-value of capital and inflation on replenishment strategy of inventory system. Loosening the condition of basic economic order quantity model under deterministic state, the total cost function of the model is provided. The optimum order quantity and cycle are obtained. The application range of EOQ model under the constant demand is widened. The theoretical evidence is provided for the inventory system to make management decision.     

云龙河拱坝施工过程的三维有限元

采用三维弹塑性非线性有限元法，对云龙河拱坝施工过程的实际浇筑、封拱和水库蓄水过程的坝体应力及变形进行了仿真分析，同时分析了施工过程的坝肩层间错层带的变形。计算结果表明施工过程的坝体变形较小，坝体有限元等效应力满足规范要求，坝肩层间错层带错动变形很小，说明大坝结构设计合理，坝肩无错动危险。计算成果为工程项目的实施提供了技术依据，同时对类似工程分析具有借鉴作用。