温度对云南盘鮈仔稚鱼生长及存活率的影响

为探究不同温度对云南盘鮈(Discogobio yunnanensis)仔稚鱼生长及存活率的影响,实验设置14、17、20、23和26℃五个温度梯度,以刚出膜且发育正常的云南盘仔鱼为实验对象,定期观察仔稚鱼的生长发育情况并统计死亡数量,测定全长、体长、体重等生长参数。结果显示:温度显著影响云南盘鮈仔稚鱼的生长发育及存活。随着温度的升高,发育进程加快;实验结束时,23℃组云南盘鮈口吸盘最早发育完整,20℃组云南盘鮈存活率最高。在整个实验过程中,20、23和26℃组间全长和体重无显著性差异,说明这几个温度对云南盘的全长、体重生长产生的效应大致相同。综合多种因素考虑,建议在实际生产中,以20~26℃作为云南盘的养殖温度。     

食用菌苎麻骨培养物对活性艳红X-3B染料脱色研究

[目的]研究食用菌苎麻骨培养物对活性艳红X-3B染料的脱色效果。[方法]将香菇、平菇和金针菇3种常见食用菌株接种至苎麻骨培养基上培养,研究培养物对50 mg/L活性艳红X-3B溶液的降解脱色效果。[结果]香菇培养物处理3 h对染料溶液脱色率可达92.17%,平菇培养物处理3 h对其脱色率可达72.40%。此外,香菇培养物对该染料溶液具有很好的重复处理效果,但重复处理次数越多脱色效果越差。[结论]香菇和平菇的苎麻骨培养基培养物对活性艳红X-3B溶液具有较好的脱色效果。     

鹿角菜采苗育苗技术的研究

鹿角菜是一种含胶量丰富的食用海藻,自古以来野生野长,尚未被人们养殖利用。2005年8月初开始对鹿角菜进行了采苗育苗的研究。自然界海藻的成熟与温度密切相关,在水温18.4℃以下,即10月上中旬～11月下旬,是鹿角菜采苗育苗的最适宜季节。培育幼孢子体适宜盐度为18,在此条件下各实验组幼孢子体生长良好,假根毛生长特别繁茂。在大面积育苗中,每厘米苗绳培育出多达60株的健康幼苗,育苗获得成功。     

KCl诱导虾夷马粪海胆幼体变态的研究

研究了不同浓度的KCl对于虾夷马粪海胆幼体变态的诱导作用及对变态后个体生长的影响。试验结果表明,KCl对虾夷马粪海胆是一种极好的变态诱导剂,0.05 mol/L的KCl作用5~10 h诱导效果最佳,在提高变态率的同时,大大地降低了死亡率。     

饵料结构对河蟹养殖池塘氮、磷收支和污染强度的影响

通过调查走访和实验分析,比较了3种投饵结构下河蟹(Eriocheir sinesis)养殖池塘在氮、磷收支和实际污染强度方面的差异。1种饵料结构以冰鲜鱼为主,另2种含配合饲料,按照配合饲料使用量不同,分为低于1000kg/hm2组和高于1000kg/hm2组。结果显示,以冰鲜鱼为主的养殖池塘氮收支方程为:苗种3.02kg(1.10%)+饵料272.18kg(98.90%)=渔获物31.92kg(11.60%)+伊乐藻136.18kg(49.48%)+底泥沉积79.53kg(28.90%)+尾水排放27.57kg(10.02%),磷收支方程为:苗种0.26kg(0.42%)+饵料61.02kg(99.58%)=渔获物1.49kg(2.43%)+伊乐藻15.01kg(24.49%)+底泥沉积41.94kg(68.44%)+尾水排放2.84kg(4.63%);配合饲料使用量低于1000kg/hm2的养殖池塘氮收支方程为:苗种4.49kg(2.74%)+饵料159.09kg(97.26%)=渔获物45.55kg(27.85%)+伊乐藻136.18kg(83.25%)+底泥沉积-39.26kg(-24.00%)+尾水排...     

Effect of YIGU capsule on IGF-I mRNA and protein expression in rat osteoblasts in vitro

AIM: The effects of YIGU capsule on proliferation and IGF-I mRNA protein expressions in osteoblasts were studied. METHODS: (1) Forty 12-month old Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided randomly into four groups (YIGU capsule high dose group, medium dose group and low dose group; saline group), the drug-containing serum and control serum were prepared. (2) The new-born Sprague-Dawley rat osteoblasts were cultured with different YIGU capsule drug-containing serum at different concentrations and different exposure time. MTT method was used to observe proliferation of osteoblasts. (3) RT-PCR method was used to measure the relative IGF-I mRNA levels and ELISA method was used to measure IGF-I secretion at different exposure time. (4) ELISA method was used to measure IGF-I secretion at different exposure time. RESULTS: (1) Proliferation of osteoblasts was more than the control groups after 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively (P<0.01); (2) The relative IGF-I mRNA levels and IGF-I protein expression were higher than those in control group after 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively (P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It was suggested that YIGU capsule drug-containing serum promoted proliferation, IGF-I mRNA and protein expression. These results may be parts of the mechanisms of YIGU capsule to prevent and treat osteoporosis.     

德国舟形藻(Navicula germanopolonica)-中国硅藻新纪录种

藻类是养殖池塘生态系统中最重要的初级生产者,群落的种类组成与生物多样性直接反映池塘生态健康水平,影响养殖产量与品质。2019年开展河南省全省范围内养殖池塘藻类调查过程中,在河南省郑州市中牟县官渡镇西关村图登农场的养殖池塘中,采集并鉴定了硅藻的中国新记录种-德国舟形藻(Navicula germanopolonica Witkowski&Lange-Bertalot)。藻类样品经离心、酸化、灼烧和洗涤得到硅藻外壳标本,在光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜下分析其形态和结构特征,参照Lange-Bertalot等建立的分类系统,并与国内外水域发现的相似属种比较后,将其鉴定为中国新纪录种-德国舟形藻。该物种主要鉴定特征是壳面为椭圆披针形,中央区明显,近壳缝端略膨大呈珠状,远壳缝端呈钩状,中部线纹呈辐射状且末端略汇聚。本文还分析了该物种的生境特征。该种的发现丰富了我国硅藻种类多样性,为该属种类的世界地理分布提供新资料。     

PERCEPTIONS OF RISK AND RISK MANAGEMENT IN VIETNAMESE CATFISH FARMING: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

Although Vietnamese catfish farming has grown at a rapid rate in recent years, the industry has also faced many problems that affect its sustainability. This paper explores the perceptions of catfish farmers regarding risk and risk management strategies in their production activities. The relationships between farm and farmer socioeconomic characteristics and perceptions of risk and risk management are also examined. Data for the study were collected in 2008 from a sample of 261 catfish farmers in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam using a questionnaire survey. The results show that, in general, price and production risks were perceived as the most significant risks. Farm management and technical measures were perceived to be more effective than other kinds of risk management strategies in risk reduction. Although price risks were rated as important, price risk management strategies were not perceived as important measures for risk mitigation. The results of the study are discussed to identify the implications for various industry stakeholders, including policymakers, processors, advisors, and developers of new risk management strategies.     

河北省农林科学院人才结构现状分析

介绍了河北省农林科学院人才现状,并对其存在的主要问题进行了分析,提出了解决措施,以期为其他科研单位壮大人才队伍、提高科研能力提供借鉴。     

龟纹瓢虫捕食玉米蚜功能反应研究

室内研究了不同龄期的龟纹瓢虫Propylea japonica幼虫和成虫对玉米蚜Rhopalosiphum maidis的捕食功能反应。结果表明,龟纹瓢虫各龄幼虫及成虫对玉米蚜的日捕食量差异较大。龟纹瓢虫4龄幼虫对玉米蚜具有较强的捕食能力,最大日捕食量为196.85头。各龄幼虫和成虫的捕食功能反应均属于HollingⅡ型圆盘方程,经χ2检验,其理论值与观察值差异不显著。