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11.
Yamano S Eto D Kasashima Y Hiraga A Sugiura T Miyata H 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(3):401-405
OBJECTIVE: To determine the growth-related changes in metabolic and anatomic properties in equine muscle fiber type, including hybrid fibers identified with immunohistochemical analysis. ANIMALS: 24 2-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month-old female Thoroughbreds. PROCEDURE: Samples were obtained from the gluteus medius muscle of all horses. Expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms MHC-I, -IIa, -IIb, and -IIx in each muscle fiber was detected by use of 4 primary monoclonal antibodies: BA-D5, SC-71, BF-F3, and BF-35, respectively. Five muscle fiber types (types I, I/IIA, IIA, IIA/IIX, and IIX) were immunohistochemically identified. The area and activity of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) in each fiber type were determined by use of quantitative histochemical staining and image analysis. RESULTS: Although the proportion of type I and IIX fibers did not change with age, the proportion of type IIA and IIA/IIX fibers significantly increased and decreased, respectively, from 2 months to 24 months of age. The increase in proportion of type IIA fibers with growth may have been attributable to muscle fiber-type transition from type IIA/IIX fibers but not from type IIX fibers. Values for SDH activity and fiber area in hybrid fiber types were intermediate to those for their respective pure phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Hybrid fibers have an important role for determining the proportion of muscle fiber type in horses < 24 months old, and the metabolic and anatomic properties of the hybrid fibers are well coordinated, as in mature horses. 相似文献
12.
Takahashi M Goto T Tsuchiya H Ueki A Kawahata K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(8):807-811
Dystocia or stillbirth accompanied by Large Offspring Syndrome (LOS) occurs rather frequently in Holstein nuclear transferred calves. In regard to prophylaxes, nuclear transferred Holstein fetuses were monitored with ultrasonography during the final stage of gestation. Fetal weight was estimated weekly based on the fetal metacarpal width using ultrasonography. Fourteen Holstein cows pregnant with Holstein nuclear transferred fetuses were the subjects of this experiment. The fetal weight was estimated by measuring the fetal metacarpal width during the last month of gestation according to the expected date of parturition. Measurements were performed on a weekly basis. The ultrasound-estimated metacarpal width and body weight of 13 of the fetuses in the last week of gestation (30.2+/-2.2 mm, 50.0+/-4.7 kg) were similar to the actual measurement immediately after birth (30.0+/-2.1 mm, 51.2+/-5.5 kg). These results indicate that ultrasonographic monitoring within a week of parturition to is accurate for estimating fetal weight. Prediction of LOS with ultrasonography contributes to reliable a diagnostic method that minimizes syndrome-related gyneco-obstetric complications at parturition with the aid of appropriate treatments. 相似文献
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The neuropeptide cubifrin-I and its derivative cubifrin-L have recently been shown to be potent substances that induce in
vitro oocyte maturation and spawning in the Japanese common sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. We have examined the reproductive behavior of A. japonicus in vivo following the injection of cubifrin-L into the body cavity with the aim of determining the practical value of using
this peptide to induce spawning in the hatchery setting. The responsiveness of ovarian fragments with oocytes >155 μm in diameter
to cubifrin-L in vitro was well correlated with the spawning success induced in vivo by a cubifrin-L injection. Mature sea
cucumbers injected with cubifrin-L displayed sequential reproductive behaviors, which comprised climbing up the side wall
of the tank toward the water surface, waving of the head, and shedding of gametes. Gamete shedding started about 60 and 80 min
after the injection of cubifrin-L in males and females, respectively, and was completed almost simultaneously in the two sexes
about 2 h post-injection. Repeated injections of cubifrin-L at intervals of about 10 days successfully induced multiple spawnings
in males and females. These results demonstrate that cubifrin-L can be used as an effective inducer of spawning in Japanese
sea cucumber cultivation. 相似文献
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15.
Genotyping‐by‐sequencing for construction of a new genetic linkage map and QTL analysis of growth‐related traits in Pacific bluefin tuna
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Tsubasa Uchino Erina Hosoda Yoji Nakamura Motoshige Yasuike Miyuki Mekuchi Masashi Sekino Atushi Fujiwara Takuma Sugaya Yosuke Tanaka Kazunori Kumon Yasuo Agawa Yoshifumi Sawada Motohiko Sano Takashi Sakamoto 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(3):1293-1301
Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) has high market value, but its wild populations have decreased in recent years. The broodstock of Pacific bluefin tuna that were hatched artificially and reared under aquaculture conditions is beginning to be used for production. The creation of broodstock with commercially valuable traits, such as rapid growth, is therefore of great interest. Genetic linkage map‐based identification of markers associated with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) facilitates marker‐assisted selection (MAS) breeding and allows efficient genetic improvement of broodstock. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐based genetic linkage map construction using the genotyping‐by‐sequencing method can expand the number of mapped markers and help identify growth‐related QTLs. In this study, we constructed sex‐specific maps for 24 linkage groups consisting of 677 SNP and 651 microsatellite markers. The total lengths of 93 progenies in the mapping population followed normal distribution, with an average length of 9.4 mm. We performed composite interval mapping in the mapping population. QTL analysis revealed one significant QTL in LG10 on the female linkage map. The genetic linkage map—the second such map generated for Pacific bluefin tuna—and the growth‐related QTLs detected in this study will be useful for tuna aquaculture MAS programs. 相似文献
16.
Keisuke Yamano Atushi Fujiwara Akifumi Nakamura Michiyasu Yoshikuni 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(5):823-832
We describe the process of cubifrin-induced in vitro oocyte maturation in the Japanese sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, and we propose a procedure for practical hatchery application. Oocyte maturation occurred 40–50 min after stimulation of the ovaries by cubifrin. Concurrently, eggs were released from the ovarian tubules, initially by slow peristalsis, followed by active release after about 60 min. The first and second polar bodies were released from the eggs at 90–100 min and about 140 min, respectively. Cubifrin was more effective in inducing oocyte maturation at 1–100 nM than at 100 pM. Cubifrin at 1 pM–10 nM in rearing seawater had no effect on larval development. Delayed fertilization reduced the developmental ability of eggs. Broodstock could be maintained at 15–16 °C for up to about 50 days without affecting the developmental ability of eggs. Eggs matured in vitro and in vivo were similar in their developmental ability. In conclusion, the in vitro induction of oocyte maturation is effective in Japanese sea cucumber and represents a viable alternative to the induction of spawning by cubifrin injection. 相似文献
17.
Kondoh Tadashi Nagasaka Yoshisada Kato Atushi Shindo Hayato Kato Masaya Saito Masanori Fujiwara Koki Yamamoto Satoshi Yaji Yukio 《Paddy and Water Environment》2019,17(2):221-230
Paddy and Water Environment - We measured nutrient inflows and outflows on reclaimed land (157 km2, including 100 km2 of paddy fields) in Lake Hachiro. The net effluent loads... 相似文献
18.
Sato H Nitanai A Kurosawa T Oikawa S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(12):1583-1585
Anticoccidial efficacy of dietary fat was evaluated in calves with coccidial infection (Eimeria spp., including E. bovis and E. zuernii). Medium-chain triglycerides (MCT)--natural edible fats composed of caprylic (C8), capric (C10), and lauric (C12) acids -- were given orally with milk to 5 calves and with 10% glucose solution to 3 older, weaned calves by using the reticular groove reflex. After 3 to 11 days of MCT feeding, all Eimeria spp. oocysts had disappeared from the feces of all calves. MCT had no adverse effects on appetite or on fecal pH, ammonia, lactic acid, or volatile fatty acid levels. MCT feeding for coccidial control in calves has minimal side-effects and has benefits in terms of residue-free food production. 相似文献
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