新型甘蓝型油菜核不育材料绵7AB-4-2农艺性状鉴定及分子检测

本实验对新型甘蓝型油菜核不育材料绵7AB-4-2与其姊妹系绵7AB-4—1进行农艺性状差异性及SSR引物上的多态性研究,并对绵7AB-4-2进行不育保持率及其与姊妹系绵7AB-4—1和其它不同来源不育材料进行测交和回交不育率进行研究,结果表明：绵7AB-4-2与其姊妹系7AB-4—1的农艺性状在0．05水平上差异不显著。绵7AB-4-2的可育株自交不育率可达60％以上,而姊妹系绵7AB-4—1的可育株自交不育率25％左右;与姊妹系绵7AB-4—1和其它9个不同来源的不育材料进行测交时,对同类型不育材料可保持不育率达90％以上,回交不育率在80％以上。绵7AB-4-2与姊妹系绵7AB-4-1在SSR引物a2、E10上存在条带上的差异。     

四川生态区甘蓝型油菜自交种和自然种品质成分的比较(英文)

[Objective] This study was to reveal the differences in crude fat and glucosinolates between self pollinated seeds and naturally pollinated seeds in Brassica napus in sichuan ecological region. [Method] Near-infrared spectroscopy method (NIRS) was employed to measure the quality components in self pollinated seeds and naturally pollinated seeds of 861 shares of Brassica napus from Sichuan ecological region. And correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted based on the experimental data via SPSS (statistics package for social science). [Result] The contents of crude fat in the self pollinated seeds were commonly a higher than that in the naturally pollinated seeds at 0.01 significant level; while the contents of glucosinolates in the self pollinated seeds and the naturally pollinated seeds were insignificantly different. Both the correlation relationship and linear regression for the crude fat between the self pollinated seeds and naturally pollinated seeds reached the significant level. The regression equations for the contents of crude fat(y1) and glucosinolates(y2) in the naturally pollinated seeds and of crude fat(x1) and glucosinolates(x2) in self pollinated seeds were respectively determined to be y1=16.844+0.614x1 and y2=-0.620+1.017x2. [Conclusion] In Brassica napus breeding, crude fat in naturally pollinated seeds should be emphatically taken into account, meanwhile concurrently considering that in self pollinated seeds; while glucosinolates in both the self pollinated seeds and the naturally pollinated seeds must be simultaneously concerned.     

新型甘蓝型油菜核不育材料绵7AB-4-2农艺性状鉴定及分子检测

四川省绵阳市农科所1991年用甘蓝型油菜双高隐性核不育系绵1AB-1作母本,品872—161—134作父本进行转育,F2代出现不育株进行成对兄妹交,经多代选择,培育出隐性核不育系绵7AB-4（双低）。以其不育系的不育性状为选择目标,从中分离纯化出2个农艺性状无明显差异、育性不同的株系,分别定为绵7AB-4-1和绵7AB-4-2,前者兄妹交和可育株自交的不育率分别为50％和25％,后者分别达到80％和60％。笔者对新材料绵7AB-4-2与其姊妹系绵7AB-4—1的农艺性状和SSR引物多态性进行研究,为其进行分子标记、克隆及进一步利用奠定基础。     

甘蓝型油菜高产双低三系杂交种川油33的选育

川油33为甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育（CMS）高产双低杂交新品种,原品种代号为杂-9,不育系为JA8,保持系为JB8,恢复系为JR8。川油33杂交优势强,综合性状好,双低品质优,丰产性突出,产量高,含油量高,熟期适中,适应性广,抗（耐）病性强。在四川省油菜新品种区域试验中,2003年8个试验点平均产量 2350.5 kg/hm2 ,比对照蜀杂6号增产12.58%（极显著）;2004年9个试验点平均产量 2314.5 kg/hm2 ,比对照蜀杂6号增产 9.98%（极显著）。在2003~2004年度组织五点（成都、绵阳、什邡、南充和内江）生产试验,平均产量 2200.5 kg/hm2,比对照蜀杂6号增产 16.2%（极显著）。杂交种子芥酸 0.1% ,硫甙 22.89 μmol/g 饼,含油率（干基）40.81% 。商品菜籽芥酸 1.02% ,硫甙 27.82 μmol/g 饼,含油率（干基）39.0%。中抗病毒病和菌核病。平均全生育日数215 d,比CK蜀杂6号早熟1~2d。2004年10月通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定,并被列为四川省主推品种。     

水稻光温敏核不育系花药培养的初步研究

利用光温敏核不育系材料蜀光 6 37S、蜀光 5 70S、蜀光 5 82S ,研究了花粉发育的不同时期、头季稻和再生稻、低温预处理时间、诱导培养基和分化培养基等 5个方面对花粉愈伤组织的形成与绿苗再生的影响。结果表明 :小孢子发育单核中 ,晚期的花药诱导效果优于其他时期 ;头季稻的愈伤及绿苗诱导率明显高于再生稻 ;低温预处理时间的延长有利于花粉诱导率的提高 ,处理 8d左右达到最高诱导率 ;培养基SK3、NB对大多数材料的诱导效果优于其他培养基 ;增加IAA和少量的 6 -BA对提高分化率有益     

川西平原免耕晚直播甘蓝型油菜新品种比较研究（英文）

[目的]川西平原秋季多绵雨,为避开播种期湿害影响,筛选适合川西平原生态区免耕晚直播的甘蓝型双低油菜新品种。[方法]以10个甘蓝型油菜新品种为试材,采用随机区组排列,3次重复,免耕晚直播,稻草覆盖,进行比较试验。[结果]‘川油58’、‘华油杂10号’和‘宁杂11号’产量高,折合单产3 000 kg/hm2以上,综合性状表现较好、生育期短、抗性好、品质优;‘华油杂13号’和‘浙双3号’有高产潜力,单产2 775 kg/hm2以上,抗性好、品质优、生育期适中;其他品种较对照减产极显著、综合性状表现较差,抗性较差。[结论]‘华油杂10号’、‘宁杂11号’、‘华油杂13号’和‘浙双3号’等长江中下游优异品种可以成功引种并在川西平原进行大面积推广种植。     

菘油2号选育及油蔬两用价值初探

药用植物菘蓝的特定染色体附加到甘蓝型油菜所产生的附加系表现一定的抗病毒活性,但尚无营养成分、菜薹和菜籽产量、综合效益方面的研究。本研究以抗病毒油菜菘油1号为父本,细胞核雄性不育系川A-3为母本选育出菘油2号,并对其进行油蔬两用产量、农艺性状、菜薹营养、种子品质、综合效益等方面的研究。结果表明,具有菘蓝染色体特异标记的植株占48.56%,其菜薹营养丰富,维生素C和锌含量明显高于西兰花1-1-5、白花菜rB-112、红菜薹Q10005、初冬牛心甘蓝和萝卜CP4,氨基酸、蛋白质含量明显高于白花菜rB-112、红菜薹Q10005、初冬牛心甘蓝和萝卜CP4,与西兰花1-1-5相当。从播种到始摘薹的天数平均为117 d,菜薹产量为16 908.8 kg/hm²,较摘薹对照增产75.1%。与单纯收籽栽培相比,摘薹后末花期延迟6～10 d,株高、全株角果数、每角粒数、千粒重、单株产量,含油量都显著降低,其末花期理论生物量平均124.3 t/hm²,收获油菜籽1127.3 kg/hm²,较摘薹对照增产16.4%,较单纯收油菜籽栽培减产42...     

优质早熟广适甘蓝型油菜杂交种川早油1号的选育

针对生产上对优质高产早熟广适油菜品种的迫切需求,以川油系列新细胞质不育材料为基础,协同改良优质高产早熟性状,创制双低优质不育系、恢复系,组配强优势杂交组合,育成优质高产早熟新品种川早油1号,2019年通过国家非主要农作物品种登记,2020年通过国家非主要农作物品种扩区登记。该品种具有生育期短、双低品质、株高适中、抗倒性强、产量高、适应性广等优点。适宜在云南和贵州早熟油菜地区、四川、重庆、陕西、湖北、江西冬油菜产区秋播种植。川早油1号的育成及其推广应用对缓解我国长江流域两熟或三熟地区油菜与后茬作物的茬口矛盾,推动产业发展具有重要意义。     

新型甘蓝型油菜核不育材料绵7AB-4-2农艺性状鉴定及分子检测(英文)

[Objective] The study was to investigate the agronomic traits and breeding characteristics of genic male sterile material Mian 7AB-4-2 in Brassica napus. [Method] The differences in agronomic traits and polymorphisms in SSR markers, between the genic male sterile material Mian 7AB-4-2 in Brassica napus and its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 were investigated by hybridization and molecular identification; and the percentage of sterile individuals of Mian 7AB-4-2 and of the hybrids with its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 from test cross and back cross were also studied. [Result] Mian 7AB-4-2 was not significantly different in agronomic traits from its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 at 0.05 probability level. The percentages of sterile individuals in the pollinated fertile Mian 7AB-4-2 plants were over 60%, and that in its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 was about 25%. In test crosses with other nine sterile lines, Mian 7AB-4-1 kept the percentage of sterile individuals of sterile lines over 90%, and the percentage of sterile individuals from back cross over 80%. With regard to molecular markers, Mian 7AB-4-2 and its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 were different in the band number from SSR primers a2 and E10. [Conclusion] The results indicate that Mian 7AB-4-2 is helpful for rapeseed breeding, quickening the application of new materials in field breeding.     

甘蓝型油菜小孢子培养影响因素的研究

本实验对四川成都生态区甘蓝型油菜进行游离小孢子培养,对小孢子培养的影响因素作了系统研究,结果表明：小孢子形成阶段的温度及昼夜温差、花蕾消毒液、小孢子培养浓度及株龄都是影响小孢子胚产量的因素,小孢子形成阶段的温度以10-15℃,昼夜温差5℃左右胚产量最高达到300枚/蕾,温度低于5℃或高于20℃胚产量都较低甚至不出胚;花蕾消毒液以0.1%的Hgcl2效果较好,培养浓度以3-4蕾/皿较好;2009年成都生态环境下,株龄从125天到150天,胚产量随着株龄增加而增加,到141天达到最高,后逐渐下降。