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61.
Single-strength orange juice was irradiated with 0, 0.89, 2.24, 4.23, and 8.71 gGy of gamma radiation at 5 degrees C and then stored at 7 degrees C for 21 days. Volatile compounds, isolated by solid-phase microextraction, were separated and identified using a gas chromatograph equipped with a mass selective detector. The majority of the volatile compounds were terpenes, and the most abundant volatile compounds were ethanol and limonene. Most volatile compounds were stable during the 21-day storage period except geranial and neral which decreased over time. Irradiation reduced the concentration of acyclic monoterpenes, such as geranial, neral, myrcene, and linalool 1 and 7 days after irradiation, but did not affect other monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, or other volatile compounds. The reduction of acyclic monterpenes increased linearly with radiation dose, and correlated with an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substrates (TBARS) content. Reduction in the concentration of monoterpenes induced by irradiation was not significant 21 days after irradiation. Our results indicate that acyclic monoterpenes are sensitive to irradiation whereas most other volatile compounds are resistant. 相似文献
62.
Certain species of thraustochytrids are being explored as potential producer of polyunsaturated fatty acids for nutritional enrichment of food products and use as feed additives in aquaculture. The fatty acid composition and squalene content were determined in the thraustochytrid, Schizochytrium mangrovei that was newly isolated from decaying Kandelia candel leaves in Hong Kong mangrove habitat. The major fatty acid constituents identified in all three S. mangrovei strains were tetradeanoic acid (C14:0), hexadecanoic acid (C16:0), docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5 n-6, DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3, DHA). DHA was the most predominant polyunsaturated fatty acid, and the percentage of DHA (of total fatty acids) in all these strains varied from 32.29 to 39.14%. Only slight changes were observed in fatty acid composition of the S. mangrovei strains harvested at their early (day 3) and late stationary (day 5) phases. In contrast, the cellular squalene content was affected significantly by the culture time; the largest decrease of squalene content from 0.162 mg/g to 0.035 mg/g was found in S. mangrovei FB1 as the culture aged. 相似文献
63.
神仙鱼胚胎和仔鱼发育的初步观察 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
有关鱼类胚胎和仔鱼发育的研究 ,已有文献报道[1 - 5] 。神仙鱼 (Pterophyllumscalare) ,又名燕鱼、天使鱼、小鳍帆鱼 ,原产于南美的亚马逊河 ,是重要的观赏鱼类。作者曾报道了温度和光照对神仙鱼胚胎发育的影响[6] ,本文对神仙鱼胚胎和仔鱼发育的形态学进行了观察和研究。1 材料与方法1 .1 材料实验亲鱼取自长春市某水族馆 ,配对饲养在水深 2 5cm的玻璃水族箱中 ( 4 5cm× 35cm× 30cm) ,水温2 7℃ ,每天换水 1次 ,投鲜活饵料 2次。通过自行产卵获得受精卵。1 .2 方法孵出的仔鱼移到 1 5cm× 2 5cm× 2 … 相似文献
64.
Wofsy SC Goulden ML Munger JW Fan SM Bakwin PS Daube BC Bassow SL Bazzaz FA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1993,260(5112):1314-1317
The eddy correlation method was used to measure the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide continuously from April 1990 to December 1991 in a deciduous forest in central Massachusetts. The annual net uptake was 3.7 +/- 0.7 metric tons of carbon per hectare per year. Ecosystem respiration, calculated from the relation between nighttime exchange and soil temperature, was 7.4 metric tons of carbon per hectare per year, implying gross ecosystem production of 11.1 metric tons of carbon per hectare per year. The observed rate of accumulation of carbon reflects recovery from agricultural development in the 1800s. Carbon uptake rates were notably larger than those assumed for temperate forests in global carbon studies. Carbon storage in temperate forests can play an important role in determining future concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide. 相似文献
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随机选取 33日龄雄性高邮鸭和绍兴鸭 ,禁食、禁水 2 4h和 4 8h后 ,采用放射免疫分析法测定血清生长激素 (GH)、胰岛素样生长因子 (IGF 1)及甲状腺素 (TH)的水平 ,用Northern杂交分析法检测垂体GH和下丘脑生长抑素 (SS)mRNA的含量。结果表明 ,禁食显著提高绍兴鸭和高邮鸭垂体GHmRNA含量与血清T4水平 ,显著降低血清T3 水平 ,而对血清GH和IGF 1水平的影响具有品种间差异。禁水对GH、IGF 1及TH的影响类似于禁食 ,但是 ,禁水对血清IGF 1和下丘脑SSmRNA没有显著影响。 相似文献
68.
A novel gene (designated as tan410) encoding tannase was isolated from a cotton field metagenomic library by functional screening. Sequence analysis revealed that tan410 encoded a protein of 521 amino acids. SDS-PAGE and gel filtration chromatography analysis of purified tannase suggested that Tan410 was a monomeric enzyme with a molecular mass of 55 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH of Tan410 were 30 °C and 6.4. The activity was enhanced by addition of Ca(2+), Mg(2+) and Cd(2+). In addition, Tan410 was stable in the presence of 4 M NaCl. Chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, ethyl ferulate, tannic acid, epicatechin gallate and epigallocathchin gallate were efficiently hydrolyzed by recombinant tannase. All of these excellent properties make Tan410 an interesting enzyme for biotechnological application. 相似文献
69.
As an alternative to antibodies, aptamers have a great potential as analytical tools for pesticide detection. In this work, aptamers targeting acetamiprid were selected by a specific systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) strategy, where a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) library was immobilized and target modification was eliminated. After 18 rounds of repeated selection, the ssDNA pool was enriched and then 14 sequences were selected and carefully identified. At last, an acetamiprid-specific aptamer with the apparent dissociation constant (K(d)) estimated to be 4.98 μM was successfully obtained. Further work is ongoing to develop an aptamer-based detection method for field determination of this pesticides in agricultural products and environmental samples. 相似文献
70.
合成条件对氧气氧化合成水钠锰矿的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A pot experiment was conducted to determine the dynamics of soil microbial biomass in a rainfed soil under wheat cultivation at the University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The treatments applied were: 1) a control (CK), 2) NPK (0.44-0.26-0.18 g pot^-1), 3) farmyard manure (FYM, 110 g pot^-1), 4)poultry manure (PM, 110 g pot^-1), 5) FYM (110 g pot^-1) NPK (0.44-0.26-0.18 g pot^-1), 6) poultry manure (PM, 110 g pot^-1) NPK (0.44-0.26-0.18 g pot^-1), 7) FYM (110 g pot^-1) NPK(S) (0.44-0.26-0.18 g pot^-1 one half of the NPK at sowing and the other half one month after sowing), and 8) PM (110 g pot^-1) NPK(S) (0.44-0.26-0.18 g pot^-1, one half of the NPK applied at sowing and the other half one month after sowing). The experiment was laid out using a completely randomized design with three replications. Microbial biomass C, N and P contents increased continuously from the beginning of the experiment up to the three-leaf stage. A slight decline was observed at the tillering stage in all treatments except with the organic manures NPK(S) treatments. After tillering there was an increase in all treatments to the recorded maximum point at the full heading stage in all treatments except with the organic manures NPK(S) treatments. In the FYM NPK(S) and PM NPK(S) treatments; however, there was a continuous increase in microbial biomass up to the heading stage. At the harvesting stage a sharp decline was noted in all treatments. The C:N ratio of microbial biomass in tested soil ranged from 7.8 to 11.3, while C:P ratio of microbial biomass in the tested soil ranged from 22.6 to 35.1 throughout all growth stages of the wheat crop. 相似文献