一起人、犬肺结核病交叉感染病例报告

结核病是人畜共患传染病,可以通过多种途径造成人和动物之间的相互传染。笔者曾遇一例,报告如下。王女上两个月前经结核病院诊断为肺结核在家休养冶疗。家中饲养1只2岁马尔吉斯雄性犬,一个多月来发现打蔫,不愿活动,并日渐消瘦,逐求笔者帮助诊治。病犬全身消瘦,被毛零乱无光泽,精神萎糜,懒动,体温39．2T。两前肢外展,两后肢伸于腹下,呈蹲坐姿势。呼吸急促,气喘,表情悲凄,并频频咳嗽,排出灰色脓性痰液。取痰液,做成抹片,做抗酸染色。镜检,发现有抗酸染色阳性杆菌;肺部叩诊,局部有法音区,听诊有明显湿性音,X线检查,发…     

Functional Characteristics of Extruded Blends of Whey Protein Concentrate and Corn Starch

The aim of this work was to study the effects of extrusion barrel temperature (70–180°C), feed moisture (18–30%), pH (3–8), different proportions of corn starch (75–95%), and whey protein concentrate (WPC, 80% protein concentration) (25–5%) on the preparation of functional blends. Expansion index (EI), bulk density (BD), compression force (CF), color, water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), gel strength (GS), syneresis of the gel, and in vitro digestibility were evaluated. Barrel temperature and the proportion of WPC had significant effects on BD; at higher temperatures, BD was lower. Feed moisture and pH had significant effects on EI; with lower moisture and higher pH, the EI increased. An interaction of barrel temperature and feed moisture had an effect on WAI; at lower moisture content, the temperature effect was nonexistent, whereas at higher temperatures and feed moisture content, the WAI increased. The pH level had a significant effect on WSI, showing high WSI when lower pH levels were used. Color analysis showed that higher protein content and pH generated higher δE values; low feed moisture and low pH resulted in gel syneresis. Higher in vitro digestibility was obtained when a higher WPC proportion and pH were used. Extruded WPC-CS blends under alkaline and acidic conditions were affected by the preparation of diverse formulations that potentially can be used in foods to improve some functional and protein content.     

管理对华灰早熟禾生物量及株高分形关系的影响

在河北省围场县红松洼草原生态系统自然保护区研究管理条件对华灰早熟禾地上生物量与株高分形关系的影响.结果表明,华灰早熟禾生物量的积累规律具有自相似性特征.梯度生长是华灰早熟禾生物量积累的规律.在实验区,生物量与株高的分形关系在生长季节存在明显的差异,表明放牧压能增加华灰早熟禾生物量积累规律的复杂性.缓冲区每年割草1次对华灰早熟禾生物量和株高分形关系没有影响.     

Relationships Between the Microstructure,Physical Features,and Chemical Composition of Different Maize Accessions from Latin America

Chemical composition (moisture, total lipids, protein, and apparent amylose) and some physical features (1,000 kernel weight, hardness, and anatomical composition) were determined in 71 accessions representing races of maize from Latin America. Their microstructural characteristics (size and compaction of endosperm cell bodies, pericarp thickness, horny‐floury endosperm ratio, and morphology and size of starch granules) were also evaluated using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Compaction was the most important microstructural feature of the maize kernels, representing kernel hardness. Highly compact kernels tended to be hard, with high protein, pericarp, and hard‐endosperm content and high pericarp thickness, but with low moisture, amylose content, and kernel weight and size. The opposite was observed in the least compact kernels. Highly compact kernels tended to have small, polygonal starch granules (<10 μm), while the least compact kernels contained large, spherical granules (>10 μm). These results suggest that microstructure is responsible for the physical features of maize kernels and that microstructure is related to chemical composition.     

Factors Affecting Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi Plant Inoculations and Their Use for Evaluation of Olive Cultivar Susceptibility

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi causes olive knot disease, which is present in most countries where olive trees are grown. Although the use of cultivars with low susceptibility may be one of the most appropriate methods of disease control, little information is available from inoculation assays, and cultivar susceptibility assessments have been limited to few cultivars. We have evaluated the effects of pathogen virulence, plant age, the dose/response relationship, and the induction of secondary tumors in olive inoculation assays. Most P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi strains evaluated were highly virulent to olive plants, but interactions between cultivars and strains were found. The severity of the disease in a given cultivar was strongly dependent of the pathogen dose applied at the wound sites. Secondary tumors developed in noninoculated wounds following inoculation at another position on the stem, suggesting the migration of the pathogen within olive plants. Proportion and weight of primary knots and the presence of secondary knots were evaluated in 29 olive cultivars inoculated with two pathogen strains at two inoculum doses, allowing us to rate most of the cultivars as having either high, medium, or low susceptibility to olive knot disease. None of the cultivars were immune to the disease.     

一例楼房猪场的实际应用

随着技术发展，楼房养猪因其节约土地资源等优点逐渐被推广开来，也有一些比较成功的案例。北京中育种猪有限责任公司在北京市平谷区峪口镇新建一座种猪场，采用楼房养猪工艺生产。文章就该猪场的建设及工艺做详细介绍。