全文获取类型
收费全文 | 48965篇 |
免费 | 2696篇 |
国内免费 | 33篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 1701篇 |
农学 | 1661篇 |
基础科学 | 251篇 |
5835篇 | |
综合类 | 8197篇 |
农作物 | 1545篇 |
水产渔业 | 2717篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 26328篇 |
园艺 | 574篇 |
植物保护 | 2885篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 416篇 |
2018年 | 777篇 |
2017年 | 823篇 |
2016年 | 743篇 |
2015年 | 607篇 |
2014年 | 750篇 |
2013年 | 1736篇 |
2012年 | 1347篇 |
2011年 | 1690篇 |
2010年 | 1154篇 |
2009年 | 1096篇 |
2008年 | 1682篇 |
2007年 | 1593篇 |
2006年 | 1498篇 |
2005年 | 1380篇 |
2004年 | 1394篇 |
2003年 | 1371篇 |
2002年 | 1184篇 |
2001年 | 1913篇 |
2000年 | 1984篇 |
1999年 | 1498篇 |
1998年 | 569篇 |
1997年 | 499篇 |
1996年 | 449篇 |
1995年 | 612篇 |
1994年 | 524篇 |
1993年 | 459篇 |
1992年 | 1151篇 |
1991年 | 1211篇 |
1990年 | 1178篇 |
1989年 | 1097篇 |
1988年 | 1056篇 |
1987年 | 1081篇 |
1986年 | 1034篇 |
1985年 | 966篇 |
1984年 | 803篇 |
1983年 | 683篇 |
1982年 | 421篇 |
1981年 | 382篇 |
1979年 | 635篇 |
1978年 | 500篇 |
1977年 | 441篇 |
1976年 | 408篇 |
1975年 | 451篇 |
1974年 | 523篇 |
1973年 | 507篇 |
1972年 | 531篇 |
1971年 | 449篇 |
1970年 | 424篇 |
1969年 | 464篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
991.
Herbst LH Jacobson ER Klein PA Balazs GH Moretti R Brown T Sundberg JP 《Veterinary pathology》1999,36(6):551-564
Tumor biopsy samples from 25 Floridian and 15 Hawaiian green turtles (Chelonia mydas) with spontaneous green turtle fibropapillomatosis (GTFP) and from 27 captive-reared green turtles with experimentally induced GTFP were examined microscopically to differentiate the histologic features that result from GTFP pathogenesis and those that result from incidental factors that may vary according to geographic region. Common histologic features for spontaneous and experimentally induced tumors included fibroblast proliferation in the superficial dermis, epidermal acanthosis and hyperkeratosis, epidermal basal cell degeneration with dermal-epidermal cleft formation, spinous layer degeneration with intraepidermal vesicle and pustule formation, and ulceration. Visceral tumors, found in eight of 10 (80%) free-ranging turtles with cutaneous disease that were examined after death, had extensive interstitial fibrous proliferation. The presence of spirorchid trematode eggs and associated foreign body granulomas, common secondary findings within spontaneous tumors, varied by geographic location, and these findings were not observed in experimentally induced tumors. Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions and intranuclear herpesvirus-associated antigen immunoreactivity were found in 18 of 38 (47%) experimentally induced cutaneous tumors and nine of 119 (7.5%) spontaneous tumors from Floridian but not Hawaiian turtles. The possible involvement of GTFP-associated herpesvirus in the pathogenesis of epidermal degenerative changes and GTFP pathogenesis is discussed. 相似文献
992.
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa was diagnosed in a cat with juvenile-onset epithelial sloughing of the oral mucosa, footpads, and haired skin. Dermoepidermal separation occurred in the absence of inflammation or cytolysis of basal epidermal cells. Collagen IV-specific immunostaining corroborated the fact that clefting took place below the epidermal basement membrane. Ultrastructural examination revealed that the proband's anchoring fibrils exhibited a filamentous morphology and were decreased in number compared with those in a normal cat. Finally, the attenuated immunoreactivity for collagen VII in our patient led us to suspect that its encoding gene, COL7A1, could be mutated in this case of feline dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. 相似文献
993.
Liver pathology and immune response in experimental Fasciola hepatica infections of goats 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Martínez-Moreno A Jiménez-Luque V Moreno T Redondo ES de las Mulas JM Pérez J 《Veterinary parasitology》1999,82(1):19-33
The relationship between the immune response and the pathogenesis of the disease was studied in different primary and secondary experimental Fasciola hepatica infections of goats. The establishment of the infection, measured as percentage of recovered flukes at the necropsy, was similar in primarily and secondarily infected animals (between 19.7% and 24.3%), but the hepatic damage was much more severe in secondarily infected goats, as revealed by the levels of serum hepatic enzymes GGT and LDH. Primary infection evolves to chronic fasciolosis that did not induce the development of resistance, since goats were highly susceptible to secondary infection, showing severe acute and chronic hepatic lesions that led to the death of some animals in each group. The immune response to the infection was proved by the production of specific IgG antibodies to ESP of F. hepatica and the involvement of CD3+ T lymphocytes and lambda IgG+ plasma cells in the hepatic infiltrate. Secondary infection did not induce any difference in either IgG response or in the cellular composition of the infiltrate of hepatic lesions, although this was much more extended. However, neither antibodies nor cell-mediated response were protective: there was no correlation between IgG levels and fluke burden and there was no evidence of cell-mediated killing of the parasite. This suggests the existence of some immune evasion mechanisms in goat infection with F. hepatica. The parasite may depress the local inflammatory and immune response, as suggested by the scarcity of CD3+ T cells in the infiltrate surrounding acute migratory tunnels. Moreover, in secondary infected goats can be suspected an immunological damage of the liver, since a very severe infiltrate of immune cells replaced wide areas of hepatic parenchyma and an immune-mediated damage of hepatocytes could occur. 相似文献
994.
Tsuji N Ohta M Kawazu S Kamio T Isobe T Shimura K Fujisaki K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(12):1331-1333
DNA polymorphism in twelve starains of Eimeria tenella isolated from various places in Japan was examined using 1.l kb small subunits ribosomal RNA amplified by PCR. Genetic variation was evaluated by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. DNA fingerprint patterns were grouped into two, indicating that at least two DNA polymorphisms exist in Japanese E. tenella strains. 相似文献
995.
Tsujimura K Mizutani T Kariwa H Yoshimatsu K Ogino M Morii Y Inagaki H Arikawa J Takashima I 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(2):113-117
For a serological diagnostic test for Borna disease (BD), we developed a capture ELISA with specificity and sensitivity based on detection of antibodies against BD virus (BDV) p40 protein. Using our capture ELISA system, the antibody response of rats inoculated intracerebrally with BDV at 4 weeks after birth showed a sharp increase from 1 to 4 weeks postinoculation (p.i.) and a steady level after 5 weeks p.i. To investigate prevalence of BDV infection among wild rats, we examined sera of Rattus norvegicus in Kami-iso town, Oshima district, Hokkaido, suggesting that rats in this area had not been infected by BDV. 相似文献
996.
Effects of maternal acetazolamide treatment on body weights and incisor development of the fetal rat
Kojima N Naya M Makita T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(2):143-147
The incisor development of fetal rats on gestation day 19 was well correlated with their fetal weights. The number of odontoblasts in the mandibular incisors, an index of incisor development, increased more than that of the maxillary incisors with increase in fetal body weights. Maternal acetazolamide treatments were observed to suppress the mean fetal weight and to retard incisor development. A smaller incisor size, a thinner predentin layer, and fewer odontoblasts were characteristic of the acetazolamide group. There was also a good correlation between the fetal weights and the number of odontoblasts in the acetazolamide group. From these results, we postulated that the retarded incisor development of the fetal rats caused by the maternal acetazolamide treatment was related to their suppressed fetal weights. However, the regression coefficient of the fetal weights and the number of odontoblasts in the acetazolamide group was smaller than that of the vehicle control group. It may indicate that retarded incisor development in response to maternal acetazolamide treatment is to some extent independent of suppressed fetal weight. 相似文献
997.
Kawakami E Arai T Oishi I 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(2):183-184
Hyaluronidase, acrosin and N-acetylhexosaminidase activities were examined in sperm collected from 12 beagle dogs and in culture medium after 0.5 hr and 7 hr of sperm incubation. The activities of the three enzymes were significantly higher at 7 hr than at 0.5 hr (P < 0.05, 0.01), and the increases were associated with sperm capacitation. It was considered that the three enzymes in the dog sperm are related to fertilization by reason of the findings of the release of these enzymes from the sperm into the medium after 7 hr of incubation. 相似文献
998.
Kawano K Mori S Hirashima T Man ZW Natori T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(11):1219-1228
We conducted protein loading to examine the progression and pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. For this experiment, male OLETF, LETO, F344 and BN rats were used. This experiment was performed on rats between 5 and 30 weeks of age. Examination parameters included body weight, food intake, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), urinary protein level (UP), urinary albumin level (UA), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), kidney weights, light microscopy (LM) and electron microscopy (EM). In the protein-loaded OLETF group, the UP level was markedly increased 20 weeks or more after birth. In OLETF control group, GFR were higher than those in other strains. Glomerular hypertrophy and kidney weights were markedly increased in protein-loaded groups in OLETF rats. Thirty weeks after birth, EM showed that the number of polyethyleneimine (PEI) of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in protein-loaded OLETF group was significantly decreased compared to that in control group. These changes in OLETF rats were more marked in the protein-loaded group than those in the control group. LM showed that the number of exudative lesions with fibrin-cap in the protein-loaded OLETF group was significantly increased than those in control group. In OLETF rats, protein loading caused deterioration of nephropathy at 30 weeks of age. Therefore, it was demonstrated that not only blood sugar control but also protein intake factors play important roles in the deterioration of nephropathy in OLETF rats. 相似文献
999.
Hirai T Oikawa M Inumaru S Yokomizo Y Kusakari N Mori K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(11):1249-1251
Effects of recombinant bovine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rboGM-CSF) on bactericidal activity of bovine peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro and in vivo were studied. In in vitro experiment, bovine blood neutrophils were cultured for 9 hr in media containing 0.005, 0.05 or 0.5 microg/ml of rboGM-CSF. Neutrophils treated with rboGM-CSF showed significantly higher luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (LDCL) than control cells. In in vivo experiment, neutrophils isolated from cows injected 5.0 microg/kg of rboGM-CSF showed significantly higher Nitrobluetetrazolium (NBT) reduction value than that from control cows 24 hr post injection. Total leukocyte counts of cows injected rboGM-CSF sharply decreased 6 hr post injection and recovered to normal level 2 days post injection. Body temperature of these cows rose 6 hr post injection and back to normal level at 24 hr post injection. It was suggested that rboGM-CSF enhanced bactericidal activity of bovine neutrophils both in vitro and in vivo. 相似文献
1000.
Rupasinghe V Tajima T Maeda K Iwatsuki-Horimoto K Sugii S Horimoto T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(11):1253-1255
We used a consensus primer PCR method to amplify a region of herpesviral DNA-directed DNA polymerase gene using degenerate primers for initial characterization of the porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) genome. The sequence of the PCR product from PCMV DNA template and its alignment with other herpesvirus DNA polymerase counterparts showed that both conserved amino acid residues and conservative amino acid substitutions are in parallel. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PCMV should be included in the clade comprising human herpesvirus 6 and 7, rather than human and mouse cytomegaloviruses, in Betaherpesvirus subfamily. 相似文献