Effects of Jiedu-Qingfei mixture on NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways in lung tissues of rats with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection

AIM: To observe the therapeutic effect of Jiedu-Qingfei mixture on Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-infected rat lung tissues and to explore its mechanism. METHODS: SD rats (n=40) were randomly divided into 4 groups:blank control group, model group, Jiedu-Qingfei group and positive control group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats in experimental groups were slowly dripped with 1×10⁹ CFU/L MP solution into their nostrils for 4 d. One rat in each group was sacrificed for MP nucleic acid detection at the second day after inoculation, and the other rats were given gavage therapy. The rats in blank control group and model group were intragastrically given the same volume of normal saline, the rats in Jiedu-Qingfei group were given 8 mL/kg Jiedu-Qingfei mixture daily for 4 weeks, and the rats in psoitive control group were given dexmethasone sodium phosphate (0.5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1). After the experiment, the rats were killed. The serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected for detecting the levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-13 and TNF-α by ELISA. The right lung tissues were used for pathological observation and HE staining, while the left lung tissues were used to detect the expression of NF-κB p50, I-κBα and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) at mRNA and protein levels. RESULTS: The results of MP nucleic acid detection showed that all the rats except blank control group were MP nucleic acid positive, indicating that the rat model of MP infection was successfully established. On the 1st day of the treatment, the pathological scores of the lung tissues in model group and Jiedu-Qingfei group were significantly higher than those in blank control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the pathological scores of the lung tissues in mo-del group were significantly higher than those in blank control group and Jiedu-Qingfei group. The levels of IL-12 in the serum and BALF in model group were significantly lower than those in blank control group after MP infection (P<0.05), while those after treatment with Jiedu-Qingfei mixture were significantly higher than those in model group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-13 and TNF-α in the serum and BALF of MP-infected rats were increased significantly, while those after treatment with Jiedu-Qingfei mixture were significantly lower than those in model group (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of NF-κB p50 and p38 MAPK in model group were increased significantly (P<0.01). After treatment, the mRNA expression levels of NF-κB p50 and p38 MAPK were decreased significantly compared with model group (P<0.01). The mRNA expression level of I-κBα in model group was significantly lower than that in control group. After treatment, the mRNA expression of I-κBα in Jiedu-Qingfei group was significantly higher than that in model group (P<0.05). The protein levels of NF-κB p50 and p38 MAPK in the lung tissues of model group were significantly higher than those of blank control group. After treatment, the protein expression of NF-κB p50 and p38 MAPK was decreased significantly. The protein level of I-κBα in model group was significantly lower than that in blank control group, and after treatment with Jiedu-Qingfei mixture, the protein expression level of I-κBα was increased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Jiedu-Qingfei mixture may attenuate lung tissue inflammation caused by MP through NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways.     

重大园林植物病害及其研究进展

系统地介绍了国内外重大的园林植物病害:松材线虫病、榆树荷兰病、五针松疱锈病、观赏植物冠瘿病、香石竹尖镰孢枯萎病和菊花叶枯线虫病, 综述了这些病害的国内外研究进展。     

Response of labile organic C and N pools to plastic film removal from semiarid farmland soil

To examine the effects of plastic film removal on grain yield and soil organic matter (SOM), a spring maize (Zea may L.) field experiment was conducted for 5 yr at Changwu Agricultural and Ecological Experimental Station of Northwest China. Compared with traditional plastic film mulching during entire growing stages (FM), plastic film removal at the silking stage (RM) resulted in a 6.3% higher average maize yield. Under the RM treatment, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen significantly increased after the 5‐yr cultivation in the 0‐ to 20‐cm layer. Significant increases in extractable organic C (EOC), KMnO₄‐oxidizable C (KMnO₄‐C) and C management index (CMI) in the 0‐ to 20‐cm layer, and light fraction organic C and EOC in the 20‐ to 40‐cm layer were observed in response to plastic film removal after the 1‐yr treatment; the responses were more significant after 5 yr. Under the RM treatment, significant increases in microbial biomass C, light fraction organic N, extractable organic N, KMnO₄‐C and CMI were also observed after five years in the 20‐ to 40‐cm layer. Moreover, KMnO₄‐C and EOC were much more sensitive than other labile SOM fractions to the application of RM, even after only 1 yr of cultivation. Therefore, compared with mulching for the whole growing season, plastic film removal at the maize silking stage is an effective option for increasing yields and enhancing SOM concentration and soil sustainability in the regions with semiarid monsoon climates that have sufficient rainfall during maize reproductive stages.     

烧鸡风味复合辛香料精油、油树脂和超微粉的GC-MS对比分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法、超临界CO2萃取法和低温冷冻粉碎法等不同加工方法制备烧鸡风味复合辛香料深加工产品精油、油树脂和超微粉,并对其进行了风味成分的GC-MS对比分析.试验结果表明:3种辛香料深加工产品的风味成分存在差异,α-蒎烯、β-松油烯、桉叶油醇、γ-松油烯、丁香酚为三者共有成分、但含量存在差异,而有些成分为两者共有或...     

中国煤炭生产甲烷排放现状及对策研究

指出了煤炭行业的甲烷排放也是造成温室效应的重要因素之一,气候的变化直接影响到人类社会的可持续发展,我国有着丰富的煤层气储藏量,为发展新清洁能源奠定了坚实的基础,但是由于政策和技术限制,我国煤炭行业每年向大气中排放了大量的煤炭甲烷气体,尤其是低浓度煤炭甲烷,造成了资源浪费的同时也是煤炭生产安全的隐患.结合我国煤炭甲烷排放特征,分析了我国煤炭甲烷排放现状和主要的利用技术,并提出了中国煤炭甲烷排控的对策.     

马铃薯连续机械式去皮机优化与试验

分析了现有马铃薯去皮机的结构特点，对机械去皮机的滚筒毛刷结构做了优化设计。经单因素和响应面试验分析，得到马铃薯去皮机的最优工艺参数:滚筒转速18 r/min，滚筒高度差15 mm，喂入量39 kg/min，此条件下马铃薯的去皮率为80.93%，去皮效果较好。试验结果可为实际马铃薯采后去皮加工提供重要理论参考依据。      

漂移瑞利滤波算法及其在纯方位跟踪中的应用

关联交易资金占用行为通常被视作大股东对上市公司的掏空而出现在诸多文献当中。但是从企业集团内部资本市场资源配置的视角来分析，这种行为可能是出于提高企业集团资金使用效率的目的。利用我国A股上市公司2009~2011年度的关联交易数据，对我国上市公司关联交易资金占用情况与上市公司面临的融资约束、经营不确定性之间的关系进行了实证检验，结果支持了关联交易资金占用行为的企业集团内部资本市场资源配置假说。     

紫薇栽培管理技术

指出了紫薇作为城乡绿化的重要树种，适宜于庭院、园路两侧、池畔河边栽植。结合栽培管理实践，系统地总结了紫薇树的育苗、修剪和病虫害防治技术。