日粮能量水平对肉兔屠宰性能和肉品品质的影响

以新西兰白兔为试验对象,研究5种能量水平对3月龄肉兔屠宰性能和肉品品质的影响。结果表明:能量水平对肉兔的屠宰率影响不显著(P>0.05),对屠体重、全净膛和眼肌面积影响显著(P<0.05),对肝重影响极显著(P<0.01)。5组兔肉物理性状和兔肉中蛋白质、灰分含量差异不显著(P>0.05),水分、脂肪含量差异显著(P<0.05),其中脂肪含量有随日粮能量浓度升高而增多的趋势。     

不同海拔梯度小嵩草草甸植物群落多样性比较研究

对小嵩草草甸植物群落多样性与海拔关系的研究结果表明,群落中物种丰富度沿海拔梯度呈近似的"钟形"变化趋势,有9个种群为4个海拔梯度植物群落中的共有种;建群种小嵩草的相对多度随海拔的升高而减少,低海拔3170m呈单优势植物群落;生态优势度随海拔升高而下降,物种多样性和均匀度则随海拔升高而增加.     

2013年广州市活禽农贸市场禽流感流行病学调查

[目的]了解广州市活禽农贸市场禽流感病毒的分布和流行情况,科学制定禽流感的防控措施,于2013年3-11月对广州市91个次的活禽农贸市场进行了禽流感监测,[方法]调查共采集了1064份活禽口咽/泄殖腔棉拭子和环境拭子,并用荧光RT-PCR方法进行了检测,[结果]发现通用型、H7N9和H9亚型禽流感阳性率分别为46.05%、0.09%和19.83%。其中,鸭棉拭子样品中通用型禽流感阳性率最高,达到了58.14%,其次为鸡棉拭子、鹅棉拭子和环境棉拭子样品,分别为46.28%、42.85%和35.19%;H9亚型禽流感阳性率最高的是鸡源样品,达到了28.88%,其次为鸭棉拭子和环境棉拭子样品,分别为12.56%和5.58%;仅从1份鸡棉拭子样品中检测到H7N9亚型禽流感病毒阳性。[结论]本次调查显示,广州地区活禽农贸市场存在较为严重的禽流感污染情况,需立即采取有效的防控措施以降低本地区发生禽流感以及人感染禽流感的风险。     

高钙日粮对蛋铜及子代出壳雏鸡体内铜含量的影响

在蛋鸡基础日粮中添加不同水平的钙,研究了高钙日粮对其蛋铜及子代出壳雏鸡血铜和组织铜含量的影响。结果显示,高钙日粮对铜含量影响不规律,其效应因脏器组织而异。     

丝胶凝胶物理性状的研究

丝胶在凝胶化时,强力增加,而表面张力减小。丝胶凝胶,在30～40℃热水处理时,溶解量很小;50一70℃热水处理时,溶解量增多,溶解速度呈恒定状态;80℃以上,呈快速溶解。根据丝胶凝胶的DTA分析,其吸热分解峰向高温侧移动,这表明丝胶分子的有序性、结晶度提高了。丝胶凝胶在热水处理时,转化为液胶,同时丝胶分子也由β构象转化为无视卷曲结构。并且,丝胶液胶又可重新凝胶化。     

桑椹浆瘿蚊的生物学特性及防治技术研究

桑椹浆瘿蚊（ContariniamorulaeJiangnomennudum）是新发现的一种桑树害虫。在陕西关中地区年发生1代，以幼虫寄生于雌花子房内为害，5月中旬幼虫老熟后弹跳入土结茧越夏越冬。采用蛹期或幼虫入土期地面薄膜覆盖；或蛹期每公顷用40％甲基异柳磷乳油6kg或50％甲基对硫磷6.6kg拌适量干细土撒施于桑园土壤，有较好的防治效果。     

雄蚕杂交种的应用研究

总结了4年8个蚕期利用家蚕性连锁平衡致死第转育改良组配成的7对雄蚕杂交组合的饲养试验。结果表明雄蚕杂交种具有食桑省、叶丝转化率高、能够大幅度提高蚕出丝率、茧丝质量优异等优点，具有广阔的推广应用前景，对于改造提升传统蚕丝业具有重要意义。     

动物腹腔手术后粘连的成因及防制概述

就术后粘连发生的诱因、发生机理进行了阐述,并结合动物粘连模型的试验研究结果及临床研究结果,对预防腹腔手术后粘连的药物和方法进行了综述。     

黄羽肉鸡微卫星多态性与料肉比的相关分析

从鸡的遗传图谱中选取13个微卫星基因座,对黄羽肉鸡A系和B系(粤黄鸡102系)回交F1代群体100个个体进行标记与料肉比的最小二乘分析,结果表明:ADL0252、LEI0071、MCW0004、MCW0245、MCW0341这5个基因座与料肉比之间存在着极显著的关系(P<0.01),而基因座MCW0223、MCW0264与料肉比之间存在着显著的关系(P<0.05)。基因座MCW0004的DD型、ADL0252的CC型和MCW0223的AA型所对应的最小二乘均值最大,其有望作为对料肉比性状进行选择的辅助标记。     

CpG-ODN enhances mammary gland defense during mastitis induced by Escherichia coli infection in goats

Seven healthy native goats in early lactation, weighing 30–40 kg, were used in this study. The right mammary gland of the seven does were infused with CpG-ODN at a dosage of 100 μg kg⁻¹ body weight on the day 5 postpartum (PP). The left glands were used as controls and infused with sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). On day 8 PP, the same dosage of CpG-ODN or PBS was again infused. On day 9 PP, the mammary glands (both right and left) of the seven does were infused with 6 × 10⁶ colony-forming units (CFU) Escherichia coli and, at 0, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h postinfection (PI), milk samples were collected from all glands. Goats were euthanized at 72 h PI and the mammary tissue harvested. Infusion with 6 × 10⁶ CFU ml⁻¹ E. coli induced acute mastitis. Histopathological evaluations showed that polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) were still present in alveoli at 72 h PI, but PMNs in the CpG-ODN-treated glands has disappeared. Bacteria counts in milk peaked at 16 h PI and CpG-ODN induced a significant decrease in viable bacteria from 16 h PI until the end of the experiment. This study showed that CpG-ODN promoted the expression of its specific receptor (TLR-9 mRNA) in mammary tissue, stimulated IL-6 production, reduced bacteria counts in milk, attenuated the impact of inflammation mediators on cells and significantly shortened the inflammation course. These results suggest that the CpG-ODN improved mammary gland defense and, thereby, had a beneficial effects against mastitis caused by E. coli infection in goats.