阿维菌素对小鼠雌性生殖细胞的致突变性研究

阿维菌素是我国生产的一种高效广谱抗寄生虫抗生素，对动物的消化道线虫和外寄生虫有很强的驱杀作用。本文选择了第二次减数分裂中期相（ＭＩＩ）卵母细胞和第一次分裂中期相合子染色体畸变分析方法，研究其对哺乳动物雌性生殖细胞的遗传毒性。１．ＭＩＩ卵母细胞染色体畸变分析：根据阿维菌素的小鼠急性毒性试验结果（小鼠经口ＬＤ５０＝１９．１９ｍｇ／ｋｇ），设以下剂量组：１．９２、３．８４和９．６０ｍｇ／ｋｇ（约相当于１     

小尾寒羊多胎性能候选基因的研究进展

小尾寒羊具有常年发情、性成熟早和多胎性能的高繁殖力特性,平均每胎产羔2.6只,是我国优良的地方绵羊品种,也是我国独特的遗传资源。目前在BooroolaMerino羊、Inverdale羊和Hanna羊中已找到影响多胎性能的主基因,但国内对小尾寒羊多胎性能遗传机制的研究主要集中在常规的选育和分子标记方面,也有一些以候选基因法从分子水平上对小尾寒羊多胎机制进行研究,仍没有确立控制小尾寒羊高繁特性的主效基因,本文就其研究现状进行综述,为小尾寒羊主效基因的研究提供有益的参考。     

维生素E对绵羊鲜精及冻精精液品质的影响

日粮中添加维生素E可以提高绵羊鲜精的活率 ,对照组和试验组的活率分别为 0 72± 0 0 7和 0 78± 0 0 6(P <0 0 5 ) ,显著改善鲜精精液品质。采用两步稀释法在绵羊冷冻精液稀释液中添加维生素E ,可以极显著降低冷冻对精子顶体的冷刺激损害程度 ,试验组的活率 ( 0 43 5± 0 0 2 0 )极显著高于对照组 ( 0 3 65± 0 0 2 6) (P <0 0 1) ,精子顶体的总异常率试验组 ( 3 3 72 % )极显著低于对照组 ( 4 4 3 5 % ) (P <0 0 1) ,其中试验组顶体膨胀率和脱落率与对照组分别为 1 2 8%±0 5 8%、2 3 0 8%± 1 45 %与 2 68%± 0 5 9%、2 8 96%± 3 14 %。冷冻精液品质显著改善。     

生物除草剂研究进展

目前,在世界各地大约分布有3万种杂草,其中约1800种每年会带来约9.7%的总产量损失[1]。而化学除草剂大量使用,造成了一系列的环境问题,如抗药杂草种群的增加、土壤板结、水体污染等,严重影响了和谐可持续的农业发展。随着生物,化学等相关学科的发展,以及环境意识的提高,出现了一种新颖的除草剂——生物除草剂,它是在人们控制下用于杀灭杂草的生物制剂,为一类防除特定杂草的生物制品[2]。它具有显著特点:一是原料来源广(许多农副产品,甚至工业废水都可作为生产原料),制造简便,容易推广;二是微生物类生物除草剂能够通过人工方法,大批量生产并…     

带双负载运行的VIENNA整流器中点电压平衡控制

针对VIENNA整流器结构固有的中点电压波动问题,可以通过双负载结构中调整负载的大小来观察。文章分析了三相VIENNA整流器的工作原理,采用一种电压电流双环结构,空间矢量调制(SVPWM)方式控制运行。针对三电平结构固有中点电压波动问题,通过调节正负小矢量的作用时间,能够达到双负载在大小不同的情况下,直流电压稳定,中点电压平衡的效果,最后使用MATLAB/Simulink仿真证明了此方案的可行性。     

Effect of early gestational undernutrition on angiogenic factor expression and vascularity in the bovine placentome

The effect of early gestation maternal undernutrition followed by realimentation on placentomal vascular growth and angiogenic factor expression was determined in multiparous beef cows bred to the same bull. Cows gestating only female fetuses (n = 30) were fed in equal numbers to meet the NRC requirements (control) or were fed below the NRC requirements to lose BW (nutrient restricted; NR) from d 30 to 125 of gestation. After slaughter on d 125 of gestation, 10 control and 10 NR cows were necropsied. The remaining NR cows (n = 5) were then fed to achieve a BCS equal to their control group contemporaries (n = 5) by d 220 of gestation. All cows were fed the control diet from d 220 until 250 of gestation, when the remaining control and NR cows were slaughtered and necropsied. At necropsy, placentomes were fixed via perfusion of the caruncular and cotyledonary arteries to determine capillary vascular density. Cotyledonary (fetal placental) and caruncular (maternal placental) tissues also were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and mRNA concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor and its 2 specific receptors, fms-like tyrosine kinase and kinase insert domain containing receptor, as well as placental growth factor, were determined. There was no effect of diet or day of gestation on the percentage of proliferating caruncular cells. Although diet did not impact cotyledonary cellular proliferation, there was an increase (P < 0.05) in the percentage of proliferating cells on d 250 compared with d 125 of gestation. Nutrient restriction from d 30 to 125 increased (P < or = 0.10) placental mRNA concentrations of placental growth factor and fms-like tyrosine kinase; however, there was no alteration in vascularity. By d 250 of gestation, NR cows had increased (P < 0.05) caruncular capillary surface density and decreased (P < 0.05) cotyledonary capillary area density, capillary number density, and capillary surface density compared with control cows. Although nutrient restriction had little effect on placental vascularity by d 125, upon realimentation, alterations in vascularity became apparent by d 250 of gestation, suggesting a placental programming effect.     

添加剂对白三叶青贮的影响

为探讨不同添加剂对白三叶（Trifolium repens）青贮的影响,以营养生长期白三叶为原料,分别设计对照、添加甲酸（6 mL/kg）、蔗糖（2%）处理,袋装密封青贮360 d后取样分析。结果表明,添加甲酸或蔗糖都能显著改善白三叶青贮饲料的发酵品质,极显著降低青贮饲料的pH值、乙酸和氨态氮含量（P<0.01）,极显著增加乳酸含量（P<0.01）。添加甲酸或蔗糖显著提高白三叶青贮饲料的干物质保存率（P<0.05）,显著提高ADF含量（P<0.05）。青贮之后,硝酸盐含量下降。     

The detection of “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” in cattle and buffalo in China

“Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” is a hemoplasma species found in cattle and has been recently reported in Switzerland and Japan. In this study, “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” was shown to occur in cattle and buffalo in tropical China by PCR amplification and sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene from blood samples. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence, a specific PCR assay was developed. Occurrence of “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” in cattle and buffalo in Guangxi, China, was determined by examining 25 buffalo blood samples, 12 yellow cattle blood samples and 42 dairy cow blood samples. The results showed that 32% (8/25) of buffalo, 41.7% (5/12) of yellow cattle, and 14.3% (6/42) of dairy cows were positive for “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos”, respectively. Direct sequencing of representative PCR products confirmed that the amplified partial 16S rDNA sequence represented “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos”. This is the first report of “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” in buffalo, yellow cattle, and dairy cows in China.     

吡啶羧酸铬对肉鸭后期作用效果初探

选用21日龄樱桃谷鸭36只,采用有重复对照试验,比较饲粮中添加0．2×10－6吡啶羧酸铬对肉鸭生产性能、屠体品质和血液生化指标的影响。结果表明,吡啶羧酸铬对增重、饲料转化率无显著影响,对屠宰率、胸肌率和皮脂率亦无显著影响;但使心重、血清总甘油三酯显著降低,血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著增加。     

神犬护主擒犯立奇功

安娜是一个单身的年轻女子,独自居住在美国拉斯维加斯的一栋房子里,和她日夜相伴的是一头心爱的杜伯文犬。