猪伪狂犬病油乳剂灭活疫苗的制备及安全性与免疫性试验

用本室分离鉴定的猪伪狂犬病毒鄂A经毒株接种仓鼠肾细胞（BHK－21）,制备病毒抗原液，毒价不低于10^-6TCID50/0.1ml。经一定浓度的甲醛溶液灭活后与油相佐剂乳化研制成油乳剂灭活油疫苗4批。本研究对该制品的安全性、免疫性进行了测定。对18g左右小白鼠接种0.3ml，初生仔猪、断奶仔猪及妊娠母猪加倍剂量注射，均未出现不良反应，安全性良好。对母猪的繁殖性能不产生影响。后备母猪及妊娠母清中和抗体指数于免疫后21d达到316以上，间隔35d加强免疫一次后，中和抗体指数可达1000以上。断奶仔猪及初生仔猪免疫后对强毒的攻击，保护率分别为100％及90.62％。     

A framework for evaluation of on-farm mastitis diagnostics in Australia

Numerous culture-based diagnostics are available on the Australian and international markets for on-farm detection of bacterial pathogens in milk. Use of such diagnostics may provide an opportunity to improve the prudent use of antimicrobials in udder health management. Farms are low-resource settings in terms of diagnostic microbiology capacity. The World Health Organisation has identified criteria for the evaluation of diagnostic tests in low resource settings based on Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, User-friendliness, being Rapid or Robust, Equipment-free and being Deliverable (ASSURED). Here, we review how those criteria can be interpreted in the context of microbiological diagnosis of mastitis pathogens, and how on-farm diagnostics that are currently available in Australia perform relative to ASSURED criteria. This evaluation identifies multiple trade-offs, both with regard to scientific criteria and with regards to convenience criteria. More importantly, the purpose of testing may differ between farms, and test performance should be evaluated relative to its intended use. The ability of on-farm mastitis diagnostics to inform mastitis treatment decision-making in a timely and cost-effective manner depends not just on test characteristics but also on farm-specific pathogen prevalence, and on the farm enterprise's priorities and the farm manager's potential courses of action. With most assay evaluations to date conducted in professional laboratories, there is a surprising dearth of information on how well any of the diagnostic tests perform on-farm and, indeed, of the on-farm decision-making processes that they aim to inform.     

利用手工克隆技术培育体细胞克隆莱芜猪

为探讨手工克隆技术在克隆中国地方猪种的可行性,本研究组利用手工克隆技术平台,以中国地方猪品种莱芜猪的耳皮肤细胞作为核移植的供体细胞,以体外成熟的猪卵母细胞为受体细胞,进行体细胞克隆猪培养,成功培育了25头克隆莱芜猪。表明手工克隆技术可应用于莱芜猪体细胞克隆,为莱芜猪的保种及育种提供了新的途径。     

鱼类仔稚鱼营养需求研究进展

文章对仔稚鱼从内源性营养向外源性营养转变阶段死亡的原因、仔稚鱼对氨基酸和脂肪酸的需求研究及消化系统的研究进行了综述,以期解决在育苗过程中早期仔稚鱼死亡的难题,有利于提高育成率及推广鱼类的工厂化养殖目标。     

Endometrial Adenocarcinoma and Mucometra in a 6-year-old Alaska Malamute Dog

A 6-year-old female Alaska Malamute dog was presented for evaluation of abdominal enlargement referred by a local veterinarian. On the history, the owner complained of chronic abdominal enlargement initiated more than 4 months ago, reduced appetite, occasional vomiting and general dullness. He also complained of greenish mucous intermittent vaginal discharge starting 10 days ago. The bitch was chronically treated with medroxiprogesterone acetate. A laparatomy was performed and fluid in the abdomen was found and aspirated during the surgery. Also a very fluid-filled distended uterus and a mass in the distal part of the left uterine horn were found. The mass was encapsulated by the omentum, but areas of necrosis and calcification were identified. Histopathological diagnosis was endometrial adenocarcinoma.     

省力化养蚕技术及其应用

降低生产成本，降低劳动强度，提高蚕桑生产比较效益，是当前和今后蚕桑生产稳定发展的重要问题，本文概要介绍我省省力养蚕技术的发展过程，提出了省力化养蚕技术规范，应用省力化养蚕技术的五条技术关键和推广措施以及应用效益。     

Effect of several supplemental Chinese herbs additives on rumen fermentation, antioxidant function and nutrient digestibility in sheep

Two experiments were carried out in this study. Experiment 1 was conducted to examine the effects of several supplemental Chinese herbs on antioxidant function and slaughtered body weight in sheep. Results indicated that Fructus Ligustri Lucidi supplementation improved the blood antioxidant function [higher concentration of glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase and lower concentration of malondialdehyde] and slaughtered body weight in sheep (p < 0.05). Experiment 2 was conducted to investigate the effect of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract (FLLE) on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility in sheep. Four levels of FLLE treatments, i.e. 0, 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg dry matter (DM), were used in this part. Addition of FLLE at 300 or 500 mg/kg DM increased total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration and propionate proportion, decreased ammonia-N concentration in the ruminal fluid, reduced blood urea nitrogen concentration at 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after morning feeding (p < 0.05). Addition of FLLE at all dosages had no effect on ruminal pH value and acetate concentration at all sampling time points in sheep (p > 0.05). Dynamic degradation coefficient c of maize DM was significantly increased by supplementing FLLE at 300 or 500 mg/kg DM (p < 0.05). Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract addition had no effect on degradation coefficients a, b, c of DM and nitrogen of soybean meal; a, b of maize DM; a, b, c of maize nitrogen; and a, b, c of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) of Chinese wildrye (p > 0.05). Addition of FLLE at 300 or 500 mg/kg DM increased DM and organic matter digestibility of diet (p < 0.05). Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract addition had no effect on digestibility of diet's NDF, ADF and crude protein (p > 0.05). From the aforementioned results, it is indicated that FLLE improved antioxidant status and slaughtered body weight. Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract addition has capability to modulate rumen fermentation, increase the maize degradation rate, total volatile fatty acid concentration and propionate proportion in sheep.     

湖北省武汉市某门诊犬细小病毒病病例统计分析

[目的]了解武汉市犬细小病毒病(CPD)的流行情况和特点。[方法]以华中农业大学动物医院门诊为依托,应用胶体金试纸条和PCR检测技术,对2015年9月至2016年9月的犬门诊病例进行调查分析。[结果]共检测门诊犬病例2 728例,检出CPD阳性121例,阳性检出率为4.4%。从时间分布看,该期间大部分月份的阳性检出率在3%~5%之间,2015年10月的最高,2016年6—9月的最低。从群间分布看,阿拉斯加、边牧、哈士奇、比熊、萨摩耶、博美、巴哥等犬种的CPD阳性数量均占该品种就诊犬总数量的10%以上,而拉布拉多、雪纳瑞、德牧、贵宾、金毛犬则在5%以上;雄性犬的CPD阳性检出率明显高于雌性;在阳性病例中,2~4月龄幼犬的占比最高,在40%~60%之间;未免疫或未按规定免疫犬的CPD阳性数量与总阳性数量的占比高达86.7%,而按规定免疫犬仅为13.3%。[结论]CPD的发生与犬的品种、年龄、性别、免疫状况和气候等因素存在一定的关系,尤其是其年龄和免疫状况。本研究有助于了解该病的流行特点,并可为该病的防治提供参考。     

上海市一起蛋鸡心包积水-肝炎综合征的紧急流行病学调查

2016年7月1日,上海市某蛋鸡场62日龄蛋鸡出现发病和死亡现象,多次用抗生素治疗无效。为详细了解鸡场发病情况,分析导致疫病发生的风险因素,以便及时提出行之有效的防控建议,通过询问、现场调查和实验室诊断等方式开展了紧急流行病学调查;采用描述性流行病学方法,对疫情特点、发病风险因素进行了分析。实验室诊断结果显示,Ⅰ群血清4型腺病毒核酸阳性。调查发现:发病的前一周,该地气温波动剧烈,造成鸡只应激;鸡场生物安全体系不健全,无针对车辆和人员的消毒措施。结合临床症状、病理剖检和实验室诊断结果,确诊该鸡场暴发了心包积水-肝炎综合征,是由Ⅰ群血清4型腺病毒引起的。通过注射特异性卵黄抗体及对症治疗,对可能引起此次暴发的风险因素进行控制,疫情得到了有效控制。     

牛初乳sIgA等电点的测定

采用等电聚焦电泳法测定牛初乳sIgA的等电点。牛初乳sIgA的pI为5．02—5．67,比相关报道更加精确。回归方程：y=0．7543x＋3．1635,相关系数r=0．9989,表明线性关系良好,为牛初乳sIgA的离子交换层析制备条件的选择提供了可靠的理论依据。