晚熟蟠桃新品种‘瑞蟠4号'

‘瑞蟠４号’系以‘晚熟大蟠桃’＊‘扬州１２４蟠’育民的晚熟蟠桃新品种。该品种果实发育期约１３４ｄ,平均单果质量２２１ｇ。果实扁平形,白肉,硬溶质,味甜,粘核。     

黄河源区“黑土滩”退化草地CO2排放研究

采用静态箱-气相色谱法,对黄河源区“黑土滩”退化草地CO2释放特征的研究结果表明：“黑土滩”3种不同处理：“黑土滩”植被-土壤系统呼吸（BC）,土壤呼吸（BJ）和土壤微生物呼吸（BL）的CO2释放速率日变化具有相似性,均呈现出明显的单峰型特点,且白天大于夜间;CO2释放速率季节动态变化明显,且3者的变化趋势基本一致;“黑土滩”植被-土壤系统呼吸与地表温度及5cm地温呈极显著的正相关性（P〈0．01）;而土壤微生物呼吸与0～10cm土壤水分含量相关显著（P〈0．05）。     

国际食品法典2015至2019年农药评估优先列表评介

为了解国际食品法典委员会(CAC)农药最大残留限量(MRLs)制定最新动向,文章介绍了2015—2019年CAC的农药评估优先列表,就未来5年内CAC将评估的新化合物、新用途及再评估的化合物进行了总结评述,并对这些化合物在我国的登记情况进行了分析,以供有意向国际食品法典委员会农药残留专家联席会议(JMPR)提交数据的政府或相关企业、以及国内关注国际农药残留限量标准制定进展的相关科研机构参考。同时,文章对我国应如何参与国际残留限量标准制定工作提出了建议,认为我国可通过提交扩大农药使用范围数据,加强我国农药在小作物上的登记,从而促进农产品的出口。     

水杨酸和乙烯在烟草抗黑胫病中的作用

5mmol/L水杨酸或1g/L乙烯外源处理可诱导烟草对黑胫病的抗性，推迟植株死亡。不能积累水杨酸的转nahG基因植株和不表现乙烯应答反应的转etr1-1基因植株对黑胫病的抗性显著弱于野生型植株。组成性积累高水平水杨酸的转entC和pmsB基因植株对黑胫病的抗性明显强于野生型植株。这些结果说明水杨酸和乙烯增强烟草对黑胫病的抗性，减缓黑胫病的扩展。0．5mmol/L KCN连续浇灌植株4天或浸溃叶片2，4h均不能恢复转nahG基因植株丧失的对黑胫病的抗病性。此结果进一步支持关于KCN处理不能恢复转nahG基因植株丧失的对真菌病害抗病性的假说。     

甘油超临界水气化制氢过程参数和动力学研究

为研究甘油超临界水气化制氢过程及转化动力学,采用正交试验和单因素试验,在连续式反应器中,分析不同工艺参数对甘油超临界水气化气体产物分布和气化转化效率的影响,对气体产物进行气相色谱分析。利用集总动力学研究方法,优化甘油超临界水气化转化动力学模型,增加CO₂甲烷化反应路径,探讨甘油超临界水气化过程中动力学参数和气相产物生成及消耗路径。结果表明：甘油超临界水气化制氢的最佳工况为温度600 ℃、甘油浓度0.015 mol/L、压力27 MPa和停留时间18 s,此时H₂产量为2.411 mol/mol,气化效率为76.49 %。单因素试验结果可知,较高反应温度和压力、较低原料浓度和适当延长停留时间有利于提高H₂产量和甘油气化效率。反应速率常数随着温度的升高而增加,甘油热解路径Ⅱ和中间体蒸汽重整路径Ⅰ的活化能分别高于甘油热解路径Ⅰ和中间体蒸汽重整路径Ⅱ。H₂主要通过甘油热解和水气变换反应生成,CO₂主要通过甘油热Ⅰ和水气变换反应生成,CO₂甲烷化是H₂和CO₂消耗的主要路径。中间体热解是CO和CH₄的主要生成路径,CO的主要消耗路径是水气变换反应。     

Development and application of G1-ELISA for detection of antibodies against bovine ephemeral fever virus

The gene encoding antigenic site G₁ of bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) was highly expressed in the host cell Escherichia coli. An indirect G₁-ELISA with the recombinant protein as the coating antigen was established to detect antibodies against BEFV. The result revealed that the optimal concentration of the coated antigen was 0.5 μg/well and the dilution of serum was 1:20. It was optimal that sera with P/N value  2.2 were considered positive, P/N value  2.0 negative, and between 2.0 and 2.2 ambiguous. The G₁-ELISA method gave a sensitivity of 97.6% and a specificity of 98.6% by testing 590 field serum samples. These results suggest that the G₁-ELISA may be a good alternative tool for seroepidemiological surveys.     

鹿茸对昆明小鼠精子质量的影响

目的本试验旨在探究鹿茸对昆明小鼠精子质量的影响。方法雄性昆明小鼠48只随机分为空白对照组以及3mg/kg低剂量组、6mg/kg中剂量组和12mg/kg高剂量组,连续经口灌胃鹿茸14d。结果灌胃给雄性昆明小鼠6mg/kg鹿茸和12mg/kg鹿茸时精子活动率、精子数量和精子成活率显著高于对照组;高、中、低三个剂量组对精子畸形率均无显著影响。结论灌胃给药6mg/kg和12mg/kg鹿茸时,可提高雄性昆明小鼠的精子质量。     

The role of toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of Streptococcus suis

Streptococcus suis is an important agent of swine and human meningitis. Sequence type (ST) 7 emerged in China and was responsible for the human epidemic caused by S. suis in 2005. The virulence of S. suis ST7 is greater than the wild type pathogenic S. suis, ST1; however, the mechanisms for this increased pathogenicity are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the role of different toll-like receptors (TLRs) involved in regulating the host response to the S. suis infection and to speculate on differing mechanisms used by ST7 strains to induce disease. Here we compared two ST7 strains isolated in the 2005 Sichuan outbreak to two ST1 strains. Our data show TLR2, 6 and 9 are involved in the recognition of heat-killed S. suis independent of the ST type. We found the TLR-dependent cytokine production differed between the two types of strains using whole cell lysate proteins. TLR6 played a greater role in cytokine production induced by the whole cell lysate proteins from the ST7 strain than in that induced by the ST1 strain lysates. The data suggest that mechanisms of inflammation induced by S. suis strains differ where this will be useful in designing efficient strategies in combating streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome caused by the S. suis ST7 strains.     

Fabrication of hydrophobic/oleophilic cotton fabric by mussel-inspired chemistry for oil/water separation

A straightforward approach was proposed to modify cotton fabric for oil/water separation based on musselinspired reaction. The poly(DMA-Octadecyl acrylate) was designed to contain key chemical constituents present in mussel adhesive proteins by free radical polymerization of dopamine hydrochloride and octadecyl acrylate, which strongly adsorbed to fabric substrates, providing a special surface for fabric. The chemical structure, surface topography, and surface wettability of the fabric were characterized. The results showed that as-prepared cotton fabric displayed a high CA of >150° when dripped water droplets were on the modified fabric surface, and the oil contact angle (OCA) was close to 0°, it had excellent potential to be used in practical applications and has created a new method of fabric modification for oil/water separation.