Design of nondestructive test system for plasma clots

One of the most important measures that are used to guarantee blood transfusion safety is to detect clots in the plasma before transfusion. To overcome the disadvantages of manual detection method, this research designs a nondestructive testing (NDT) system for plasma clots inspection based on machine vision technique and artificial neural networks. The key technology for system design are studied and presented. Image acquisition is performed by custom-designed software based on MATLAB platform, and the methods of image cut, reverse color, median filter as well as gray cutting are adopted to preprocess image. The use of fisher discrimination method, combined with iterative threshold segmentation method and the selection of connected domain, can successfully eliminate the interference of air bubble and correctly extract the image of plasma clots. Plasma clots are discriminated by a recognition model based on artificial neural network BP algorithms. The results of clinical contrast experiment shows that the system can effectively detect whether plasma contains plasma clots and the new system shows a much higher degree of repeatability and stability. From the image acquisition and processing to the recognition of plasma clots, the detecting time of a sample is no more than 1 min.     

15个西兰花芽苗菜中萝卜硫素含量差异研究

西兰花芽苗菜营养价值高且富含萝卜硫素,具有预防和抑制癌症的功效。为分析种质资源间萝卜硫素含量的差异,采用响应面中心复合设计法对超声浸提时间、水解时间和提取液pH条件3个因素进行优化分析,获得最优萝卜硫素提取方法,并用该方法对种质资源中萝卜硫素含量差异分析。结果表明,超声处理时间为12 min、pH条件为5.0、水解时间为4.3 h是提取西兰花芽苗菜萝卜硫素的最佳条件。利用该方法检测到15个种质资源的芽苗菜中萝卜硫素含量差异显著,其中CDBY-10中含量最高(506.896 μg/g)、CDBY-22中含量最低(50.416 μg/g)。15个种质资源中萝卜硫素含量主要分布在0~200 μg/g,频次拟合不显著。多数种质资源萝卜硫素含量符合晚熟>早熟>中熟的规律。CDBY-10、CDBY-20、CDBY-15可作为高萝卜硫素西兰花芽苗菜进行深入科学研究和商业开发。     

紫外辐射UV-B增加对小麦株高和节间细胞长度影响的初步研究

研究了UV-B强度增加对小麦株高、各节间长度及各节间纵向细胞个数、细胞长度的影响,结果表明：UV- B强度增加,小麦株高呈显著下降趋势,小麦株高下降是由于节间长度缩短,而节间个数不变,且各节间缩短的百分率也有显著的差异,穗下第4,5节间的长度缩短对于株高下降影响的效应较大。显微切片测定节间细胞的纵向长度结果表明：穗下第五节间和穗下第四节间的缩短主要是由于节间纵向细胞个数下降,而穗下第三节间和穗下第二节间的缩短主要是由于节间细胞纵向长度缩短。小麦节间缩短和叶片长度的缩短呈显著的正相关。     

Boundary Element Method for Time-dependent Chloride Diffusion and the Chloride Distribution in Concrete

The process of chloride diffusion in concrete is time-dependent.The boundary element method (BEM) with a time-dependent diffusion coefficient is presented for chloride diffusion in concrete based on the suitable transformation of variables.The fundamental solution of the partial differential equation for time-dependent chloride diffusion in concrete is developed,and the compensation length of the diffusion field is defined as well as the compensation coefficient.The scheme of BEM with a time-dependent diffusion coefficient is developed.Two examples are given to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the presented method and the rationality and the importance of the compensation length for the method.     

云南滇西玉米施肥现状分析

为了更好地指导农户施肥,采用实地农户访问和田间调查典型区的设点方式,对云南省滇西地区的洱源县、隆阳区和永胜县玉米种植农户进行调查,分析了玉米施肥现状和偏生产力。结果表明：滇西地区玉米施肥主要以化肥为主,有机肥仅占12.3%~14.2%。洱源县、隆阳区、永胜县化肥施用量(N+P2O5+K2O)分别为535.0 kg/hm2、567.8 kg/hm2、505.1 kg/hm2,玉米产量分别为8962.5 kg/hm2、6986.8 kg/hm2、7923.2 kg/hm2。化肥(N+P2O5+K2O)偏生产力分别为23.9 kg/kg、15.5 kg/kg、24.3 kg/kg。以150~250 kg/hm2为氮养分的合理施用量,18.8%农户合理,而过量的农户占70.3%;以45~135 kg/hm2为磷养分的合理施用量,施磷不足和过量的农户分别占29.7%和20.3%;以30~90 kg/hm2为钾素养分的合理施用量,有26.6%农户合理,不足的农户占51.6%。因此,在滇西地区应减少玉米化肥氮的施用,提高玉米氮的偏生产力;增加磷钾肥的施用,提高其产量,获得较高的玉米磷钾偏生产力。     

福建地区火龙果种质资源调查及ISSR分析

为摸清福建地区的火龙果种质资源分布情况,了解其亲缘关系,对福建地区火龙果种植情况进行调查并取样。用ISSR技术对收集的20份火龙果材料进行遗传多样性分析。从40条ISSR随机引物中筛选出11条适合的引物,扩增获得142个位点,多态性比率为74.65%。Jaccard聚类分析显示,20份种质间相似系数（GS值）在0.487~0.937,平均值为0.646,当GS值为0.559时可分为3类。初步揭示了福建地区火龙果种质资源的分布情况和亲缘关系,‘白巨龙’、‘洛红’和‘红仙蜜1号’适合在福建推广,为火龙果栽培选种和育种工作提供参考价值。     

信阳毛尖茶生产线配套加工技术研究

为提高信阳毛尖的生产能力与茶叶的品质,以决定信阳毛尖茶品质的杀青、揉捻、理条、烘干等4个关键工艺参数的确定为对象,对信阳毛尖茶流水线作业的配套加工技术进行研究。结果表明,杀青时,滚筒进叶口35 cm处空气温度115~120℃,杀青时间2 min;高、中、低档鲜叶原料揉捻时间6~8 min、15~18 min、25 min;理条时间5 min,投叶量0.75~1.0 kg,温度90℃;初烘温度115~120℃,时间6~8 min、复烘温度70~80℃,时间25~30 min,上述条件下生产的信阳毛尖茶感官评审得分最高,外形和内质俱佳。本研究集成了一套信阳毛尖茶生产线加工技术,为信阳茶产业的持续健康发展、做大做强打下坚实的技术基础。     

Three Dimensional Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Basement Excavation on Underlying Tunnels

Rapid urban development in cities often requires construction activities close to existing tunnels, including basement excavation directly above the tunnels. Based on three dimensional finite element method, the influence of basement excavation on the underlying tunnels was studied. In the numerical model, A tunnel was located under a rectangular excavation with its axes parallel to the long side of the rectangle. The results of numerical analyses indicate that for the tunnel located underneath the centerline of the excavation, overlying excavation will cause the shortening of horizontal diameter and the lengthening of vertical diameter of the tunnel lining. For the tunnel located close to the diaphragm wall, maximum diameter changes often take place in a sub-vertical direction due to the rotation of the tunnel lining during excavation. The spatial effect of the excavation also has an obvious influence on the displacement and distortion of the tunnel cross section.     

软儿梨冷冻贮藏过程酚类物质与多酚氧化酶的区域化分布

为研究冷冻贮藏中不同部位酚类物质和多酚氧化酶的分布特征,以青海省地方梨优良品种‘软儿梨’果实为研究材料,采用高效液相色谱法和比色法测定软儿梨果实后熟(室温)、冻藏(-18℃)和解冻(室温)3个时期的果皮、果肉中总多酚、绿原酸的含量和多酚氧化酶活性。结果表明:软儿梨果实后熟后,酚类物质果肉?果皮,多酚氧化酶则果皮?果肉;冷冻贮藏过程中,不同部位的酚类物质和多酚氧化酶均呈现不同程度的升高,但绿原酸在果皮急剧下降、果肉中略有增加。解冻后总体呈下降趋势,2个部位总酚、多酚氧化酶下降明显,而果皮中的绿原酸变化不大。研究表明:软儿梨果实后熟后,酚类物质和多酚氧化酶分布呈现区域化,冷冻贮藏加剧了酚类物质和多酚氧化酶活性的积累,导致了软儿梨冷冻贮藏后果皮先于果肉发生了褐变。