蜜蜂的泌蜡与造脾

一、泌蜡造脾与饲料的关系 蜜蜂的泌蜡造脾和蜜蜂所获得的饲料多少成正比。只有在蜂群内饲料充足、外界蜜粉源稳定、不断有新鲜的花蜜和花粉大量进入蜂群时,蜜蜂才会在巢内筑建大量的巢房,蜜蜂蜡腺才会泌蜡。蜂群这一独特性状是在大自然中不断进化而成的,为的是充分节约巢内贮备饲料。     

放牧对青海湖北岸高寒草原植物群落特征的影响

基于青海湖北岸高寒草原连续3年放牧控制试验,研究了暖季和冷季放牧草地植物群落特征的变化。结果表明,暖季和冷季放牧草地群落地上生物量均随放牧强度的增加呈现下降趋势,禾本科地上生物量的变化趋势基本与群落地上生物量的一致;中度放牧对暖季放牧草地植被的影响程度高于冷季放牧草地;围栏封育区和冷季重度放牧草地的优势种均为紫花针茅(Stipapurpurea)和矮嵩草(Kobresia humilis),暖季放牧各放牧小区和冷季放牧草地轻度和中度放牧处理优势种均为紫花针茅和披针叶黄华(Thermopsis lanceolata);随放牧强度的增加,暖季放牧草地群落物种多样性指数和均匀度指数表现出先降低后增加的趋势,冷季放牧草地群落物种多样性指数和均匀度指数表现出增加的趋势,但是多样性指数在暖、冷季放牧草地均以重度放牧区最高。     

从动物毛中提取DNA研究初探

利用蛋白酶Ｋ分解毛发蛋白，并使用酚和氧仿除去蛋白质杂质方法提取毛中ＤＮＡ。结果测量获得的数据和曲线表明：动物脱落毛发以及从保存多年标本获得的毛发均可用来提取到具有一定纯度和数量的ＤＮＡ，完全可以满足聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）所需。     

我国行政扑杀行为的行政法考量——以私权保护为视角

动物疫情大规模暴发时,对一定范围内的动物进行扑杀是各国通行的做法。行政扑杀是政府行使行政权的表现,权力行使不当会损害相对人的合法权益。我国《动物防疫法》等法律法规中有行政扑杀行为的具体规定。行政扑杀行为是即时性强制行为。行政法应从合法性原则、正当程序原则、比例原则、充分补偿原则四个方面对行政扑杀行为进行规制。行政相对人对政府的行政扑杀行为,可以通过行政复议和行政诉讼进行救济。政府应对扑杀行为的具体做法加以改进,以促进社会和谐。     

Effects of dietary lipid levels on lipid deposition and activities of lipid metabolic enzymes in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus)

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary lipid levels on growth performance, lipid deposition and activities of lipid metabolic enzymes in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus). Four isonitrogenous (300 g/kg crude protein) experimental diets containing graded levels of lipid (25, 55, 85 and 115 g/kg) were randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 180 juvenile fish. Fish were fed twice daily for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the growth performance and proximate composition of fish were determined. The activities and gene expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) were assessed as well. Fish fed the diets with 55 and 85 g/kg lipid had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher body weight gain than those fed the diets with 25 and 115 g/kg lipid. The whole-body and liver lipid contents were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated with increasing dietary lipid levels. Moreover, the activities and mRNA abundances of LPL and HSL in the liver, dorsal muscle and fat tissues were markedly altered by dietary lipid levels. Our data demonstrate a profound influence of dietary lipid levels on the growth and lipid deposition in hybrid tilapia, which is likely associated with the regulation of lipid metabolic enzymes including LPL and HSL.     

藏山羊乳主要营养成分及乳酶、乳清蛋白的研究

本文研究了分布于西藏和四川地区的藏山羊乳蛋白、乳糖和乳脂含量,并对乳中4种酶活力及乳清蛋白的组成进行了研究。结果表明:藏山羊乳中3种营养成分存在一定的地区差异,脱脂乳中乳酸脱氢酶,碱性磷酸酶,γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、乳过氧化物酶活力分别为81.9±37.8、7.7±3.5、437.4±93.0、532.7±202.6单位。乳过氧化物酶在体外可被10~(-5)M的硫氰酸根或乳酸根活化。用琼脂糖凝胶电泳可将乳LDH分出LDH_1、LDH_2和LDH_3三带,各带所占百分比例分别为50.6±4.5、31.6±4.2和17.8±3.3,提示乳LDH不是来源于血液。用SDS—PAGE可将乳清蛋白分出5条区带。     

景观植物管理信息系统的初步构建

景观植物管理查询系统(Landscape Plant Management Information System,简称LPMIS)是一种管理信息系统(Management Information System,简称MIS).LPMIS采用面向对象的开发语言Visual Basic 6.0和桌面数据库管理系统 ACCESS在Windows操作系统环境下运行.LPMIS具有可视化、人性化的界面,提供多媒体信息,数据的维护和更新具有继承性,后台数据库可方便的移植于网络等特点;PMIS具有较好的可移植性和通用性,通过更换后台数据库,LPMIS可方便的应用于其他领域并开发出不同的数据库.LPMIS可促进景观植物数据的查询和管理由手工向自动化变革,从而大大提高工作效率.     

干扰素在动物疫病预防及兽医临床治疗中的应用

本文介绍了兽药市场常见干扰素的种类和主要成分,以及作者在临床治疗和预防控制动物疫病中使用干扰素的一些体会和注意事项。     

汕头市猪场猪瘟和猪禽流感血清学监测报告

为了了解和掌握我市猪场的猪瘟免疫情况及感染高致病性禽流感疫病的可能性，我所分别于2005年2月和4月两次对全市范围内各类型的养猪场免疫猪瘟的猪只采集血清941份，进行猪瘟血清抗体监测和猪高致病性禽流感疫情血清学监测。现将监测结果报告如下。     

Identification of polymorphisms and association analysis with meat quality traits in the porcine KIAA1717 and HUMMLC2B genes

Skeletal muscle genes are potential candidates for production and meat quality. Screening a subtracted cDNA library constructed with mRNA obtained from longissimus dorsi muscles of F1 hybrids Landrace × Yorkshire and their female parents Yorkshire, we isolated two partial sequences coding for the H3-K4-specific methyltransferase (KIAA1717) and skeletal muscle myosin regulatory light chain (HUMMLC2B) genes. Database search revealed KIAA1717 and HUMMLC2B encoded proteins with SET domain and EF-hand calcium binding motif, respectively. In the present work we identified their partial polymorphisms and two SNPs, one (C1354T) at the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of KIAA1717 and one (A345G) at the SINE (PRE-1) element of HUMMLC2B, both created/disrupted a restriction site for endonuclease Msp I. The selected pigs were genotyped at the KIAA1717 C1354T and HUMMLC2B A345G sites by means of a PCR-RFLP protocol. Significant associations were observed for the KIAA1717 C1354T polymorphic site with meat marbling (longissimus doris (p < 0.05), biceps femoris (p < 0.01)) and intramuscular fat (p < 0.01). HUMMLC2B A345G were significantly associated with meat pH (longissimus doris (p < 0.05), biceps femoris (p < 0.01)), drip loss (p < 0.01), water holding capacity (p < 0.01) and meat color value (longissimus doris (p < 0.01), biceps femoris (p < 0.05)). Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.