乳源性生长因子对仔猪胃肠道生长发育的影响

猪初乳中含有多种生长因子,包括胰岛素样生长因子、胰岛素和表皮生长因子等。这些乳源性生长因子在促进新生仔猪胃肠道生长发育以及提高损伤黏膜修复等方面起着重要的调节作用。     

高原地区矮小鸡与藏鸡屠宰试验

通过对在高原地区10只成年矮小鸡和10只成年藏鸡屠宰测定,分析结果显示:平均体重矮小鸡比藏鸡高2．2％;藏鸡公鸡全净膛率为53．9％,矮小鸡公鸡全净膛率为64．9％,差异极显著;藏鸡母鸡全净膛率为58．1％,矮小鸡母鸡全净膛率为51．5％,差异极显著;藏鸡公鸡半净膛率为74．2％,矮小鸡公鸡半净膛率为81．5％,差异显著;藏鸡母鸡半净膛率为77．1％,矮小鸡母鸡半净膛率为66．2％,差异极显著。经测定说明矮小鸡的屠宰率高于藏鸡。     

浅谈动物尸体处理现状与危害及对策

随意抛弃动物尸体,具有潜在的疾病传播危险,一旦将携带人畜共患病病原体的动物尸体抛弃在垃圾桶、河道甚至居民区,将会严重危害人类的健康,即便是正常死亡的动物尸体,也会对环境造成污染。现就动物尸体处理现状、危害及对策浅谈如下,以供同行商榷。     

Influence of dietary lysine level on whole-body protein turnover, plasma IGF-I, GH and insulin concentration in growing pigs

Four growing pigs (initial liveweight 25.9 ± 0.54 kg, final liveweight 43.0 ± 1.06 kg) were used to study the effect of dietary lysine level on nutrient digestibility, whole-body protein turnover, plasma insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), growth hormone (GH), insulin, glucose, and urea nitrogen (PUN). Four diets, containing 7.0 g (L1), 9.5 g (L2), 12.0 g (L3) and 14.5 g (L4) lysine per kg diet respectively, were formulated as experimental treatments. The animals and diets were allocated in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Nitrogen (N) metabolism and whole-body protein turnover were measured by classical method and single-dose ¹⁵N end-product method, respectively. The blood samples were taken at the end of each experimental period. Results showed that N retention (NR) and N biological value (NBV) were significantly increased from L1 to L4 (P < 0.05). However, differences in NR and NBV between L2, L3 and L4 were not significant (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference on dry matter (DM) digestibility, organic matter (OM) digestibility and N digestibility between different treatments (P > 0.05). Whole-body protein synthesis, protein degradation and protein accretion increased markedly from L1 to L2 (P < 0.05), but did not increase further from L2 to L4. Whole-body protein accretion (y, g/kg W^0.75/d) increased with dietary lysine (x, g/kg) in a quadratic manner: y = − 0.09x² + 2.12x − 5.14 (r² = 0.96, n = 4, P < 0.05).The results also showed that differences in plasma IGF-I, GH, glucose and PUN concentration between different treatments were not significant (P > 0.05). Plasma insulin concentration (y, μIU/ml) was increased with dietary lysine (x, g/kg) in a quadratic manner: y = 0.23x² − 4.10x + 32.25 (r² = 0.99, n = 4, P < 0.05), but it was not found that plasma insulin concentration was related to NR. A significant correlation was found between NR (y, g/d) and plasma IGF-I (x, ng/ml): y = − 3.1 × 10^− 3x² + 1.31x − 122.28 (r² = 0.99, n = 4, P < 0.05).It was concluded that dietary lysine level had a significant influence on NR and whole-body protein turnover but not on plasma IGF-I and GH concentration. Plasma IGF-I may be an important factor controlling N metabolism of growing pigs. Further research was needed to study the mechanism.     

蜂产品质量安全关键技术研究发展分析

我国蜂产品和其它食品相似，各种污染和问题来自于从“养殖场到餐桌”的不同的生产、加工、流通过程，从过去到现在相当一段时期，主要问题包括：化学性物质污染（兽药、农药、重金属污染）、病原微生物污染、生物毒素污染、其它问题（搀假造假、致敏物、添加剂）等，其中化学污染中的药物残留污染是主要问题。     

杭州地区蜜蜂小转地饲养管理技术

杭州是蜜蜂养殖数量较多的地区之一,近年来蜜蜂饲养量在18万群以上,90%以上蜂场采用大转地饲养方式,从早春的3月份就开始频繁更换“战场”,转战安徽、江苏、山东、河南、北京、吉林、黑龙江等省,直到9月份才返回本地。野外条件艰苦,     

添加稀土壳糖胺螯合盐条件下不同蛋白质水平对蛋鸡生产性能的影响

为了研究在玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加0.1%稀土壳糖胺螯合盐条件下,不同蛋白质水平对蛋鸡生产性能的影响,本试验选用28周龄的健康尼克珊瑚粉蛋鸡270只,随机分为3组,对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组饲粮蛋白质水平分别为16.34%、15.17%和14.22%。试验结果表明:试验Ⅰ组的产蛋量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料蛋比显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组的产蛋率、产蛋量、耗料量分别极显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.01),料蛋比显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),其他无显著差异(P>0.05)。经济效益分析表明,试验Ⅰ组的经济效益比对照组提高6.75%,试验Ⅱ组比对照组降低0.55%,以试验Ⅰ组的经济效益最高。     

浙东白鹅和四季鹅染色体核型研究

采用改进的外周血淋巴细胞培养法对浙东白鹅和四季鹅染色体核型进行了分析,研究结果表明,浙东白鹅和四季鹅的染色体2n=78,它们染色体形态十分相近,No.1染色体都为sm型染色体,No.2、No.4、Z和W染色体都为m型染色体,No.3、No.5、No.6、No.7、No.8和No.9染色体都为t型染色体.研究结果为明确我国鹅种染色体的数目和鹅核型的标准化提供参考依据.     

多不饱和脂肪酸与免疫的关系

许多营养素如维生素、微量元素、某些氨基酸和多不饱和脂肪酸等都可以影响动物机体的免疫反应。脂肪酸是一种重要的营养素,是机体能量的主要来源,发挥着重     

萧山草三黄鸡屠宰性能和肉质分析

研究对70日龄萧山草三黄鸡进行了屠宰性能和肉质性状的测定,结果显示:公鸡活重、屠体重、半净膛率和全净膛率优于母鸡,差异显著(P<0.05)。腿肌的肉色OD值、剪切力和pH值均大于胸肌,系水力小于胸肌,差异均显著(P<0.05);水分含量、粗脂肪含量大于胸肌,粗蛋白含量、粗灰分含量小于胸肌,差异均显著(P<0.05)。研究表明母鸡的肉质优于公鸡,屠宰性能则不及公鸡。