不同水分条件下不同抗旱性苦荞根系生长规律研究

为了探明不同抗旱性苦荞根系形态和生理特性与抗旱性的关系,为干旱胁迫下苦荞高产优质栽培管理及抗旱品种的筛选提供理论依据,采用人工控水的方法,研究并分析了正常供水、重度干旱条件下不同抗旱性苦荞品种迪庆苦荞（耐旱）、黑丰1号（旱敏感）根系生长形态和生理指标变化。结果表明,干旱胁迫显著增加了苦荞根冠比、根系丙二醛（MDA）和脯氨酸（Pro）含量,而最大根长、根体积、根表面积显著降低。随着生育期推进,各处理苦荞最大根长、根体积、根表面积、MDA含量等指标均呈现逐渐增加趋势,根冠比、Pro含量呈现先增后减趋势。品种之间方差分析结果表明,重度干旱胁迫条件下,各测定时期迪庆苦荞的根冠比、最大根长、根体积、根表面积、根系Pro含量均显著高于黑丰1号,MDA含量则显著低于黑丰1号。回归分析表明,不同处理苦荞根表面积、最大根长等指标在测定时期内随时间变化的数学模型均符合指数函数,根体积、MDA含量等指标均符合一元二次方程的规律。干旱胁迫下苦荞根系与地上部分的生长均受到抑制,且表现为对地上部的影响大于对根系;与黑丰1号相比,迪庆苦荞耐旱性更强。     

通草1号虉草及其杂种后代遗传多样性的ISSR分析

为了选育出产草量高、品质好、耐盐碱性和扩展性强,能够在内蒙古盐碱湿地大面积推广应用的优良虉草新品种,以通草1号虉草(Phalaris arundinacea L. Tongcao No.1)为母本(或父本),分别与川引3号虉草(P. arundinacea L. Chuanyin No.3)、美国虉草(P. arundinacea L.)进行杂交,得到了杂种后代(F1～F3),选择14个杂交株系和4个亲本材料,采用ISSR分子标记技术分析其遗传多样性和亲缘关系;并依据遗传相似系数,运用欧氏距离-离差平方和聚类方法对18份虉草材料进行聚类分析,为虉草新品种选育提供理论依据。结果表明,采用10条引物共扩增出176个位点,其中多态性位点148个,多态性位点百分率(PPB)为84.09%,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.347 2,平均Nei's基因多样性(H)为0.228 5,平均Shannon多样性信息指数(I)为0.361 2,材料间遗传相似系数为0.602 3～0.818 2。当欧氏距离为0.57时可将18份虉草材料分为4个类群,第1类群由川引3号虉草、美国虉草和S18杂种构成;第2类群包含通草1号虉草、通辽野生虉草和S2、S17杂种构成;第3类群由6个通草1号虉草为母本(或父本)的杂交F1代构成;第4类群由4个通草1号虉草为父(母)本的杂种F2代和1个F1代构成。14份虉草杂种后代具有较丰富的遗传多样性,可作为新品种选育的基础材料。     

3个品种紫斑牡丹胚培养及幼苗生长的探究

为了探讨出适用于不同栽培环境的紫斑牡丹快繁体系,满足紫斑牡丹日益增长的市场化与商业化需求。本研究以3种不同栽培环境下的紫斑牡丹(Paeonia rockii)-‘雪莲’、‘蓝荷’和‘粉荷’的种子为试验材料,以正交试验的极差分析和方差分析研究在不同浓度激素配比下3个品种紫斑牡丹离体种胚萌发及生根状况,筛选出最佳激素配比的培养基。结果表明:(1)在胚培养的启动阶段,6-BA的最适浓度为0.5 mg/L,水解乳蛋白(LH)比水解酪蛋白(CH)更适合于离体胚的萌发,得出最适3种不同栽培环境紫斑牡丹启动培养的最佳激素配比组合的培养基为B5+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 g/L LH;(2)在无菌苗生根阶段,影响紫斑牡丹生根的各因素主次顺序为:AC>6-BA>IBA>IAA,各因素的优水平为:AC为0.5 g/L,6-BA为0.5 mg/L,IBA为2.0 mg/L,IAA为2.0 mg/L,适合于紫斑牡丹3个品种无菌苗生根的最佳外源激素浓度配比的培养基是1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L6-BA+2.0 mg/L IAA+2.0 mg/L IBA+0.5 g/L AC;(3)紫斑牡丹3个品种之间离体胚的萌发及生根均差异性不显著(p>0.05),但总体来看的表现情况为雪莲>蓝荷>粉荷,这可能与栽培环境有关。     

Evaluating the effect of 3D urban form on neighborhood land surface temperature using Google Street View and geographically weighted regression

Landscape Ecology - Land surface temperature (LST) directly responds to incoming solar radiation and is strongly influenced by vertical urban structures, such as trees and buildings that provide...     

First report of Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing tumor disease of Populus koreana in China

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - In May 2018, a bacterial tumor disease was observed on Populus koreana in Shuangyang county, Changchun city, Jilin Province. Based on physiological...     

Effects of agriculture,climate, and policy on NDVI change in a semi-arid river basin of the Chinese Loess Plateau

In 1999, the Grain for Green Project was implemented by the Chinese government. Since then, the vegetation of Zuli River Basin, a semi-arid river basin of the Chinese Loess Plateau, has been greatly changed. Clearly understanding the impact of natural and artificial factors on vegetation change is important for policy making and ecosystem management. In this study, spatio-temporal variations in vegetation cover in Chinese Zuli River Basin during 1999–2016 were investigated using Landsat normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data. Analyses of several indicators, including changes in NDVI in different slopes and land use changes and the relationships between climatic factors and NDVI change, were presented to quantitatively evaluate the effects of agriculture, climate, and policy on NDVI change. The NDVI in the Zuli River Basin increased during the study period, and the main contributors to this change were forest in 1999–2011, cropland, abandoned farmland, and grassland in 2009–2016, and land with slopes ≤ 15°. Land with slope > 15°, where the “Project” was implemented, slightly contributed to the increase in regional NDVI. In 1999–2011, the project (?98.16%) combined with climate change (?68.18%) showed negative effects on the increase in NDVI in the Zuli River Basin, but agriculture (22.28%) played a positive role in increasing this index. In 2009–2016 and 1999–2016, the project (38.45% and 35.25%, respectively), the project combined with climate change (49.83% and 46.30%, respectively), agriculture (18.61% and 23.30%, respectively), promoted increases in NDVI in the basin.