樱桃小茎尖培养后的早熟变异与RAPD鉴定

樱桃品种Ｘｅｓｐｈｙｅ（Ｐｒｕｎｕｓ　ａｖｉｕｍ）的休眠芽通过小茎尖分生组织培养后,发现一株组培苗结果后成熟期明显早于Ｘｅｓｐｈｙｅ及同批其它试管苗,该株经无性繁殖试栽后早熟性状稳定,并且综合性状良好,具栽培价值,暂定名“早丹”。经ＲＡＰＤ技术鉴定,该早熟变异株的ＤＮＡ指纹图谱与原Ｘｅｓｐｈｙｅ品种不同,早熟变异株比原 Ｘｅｓｐｈｙｅ品种多扩增一条 ＯＰＵ０３－９５０ ＤＮＡ谱带,说明该株系发生了ＤＮＡ的变异。     

聚类分析在我国果树研究中的应用及问题分析

对近１０年来聚类分析在我国果树研究中的应用情况进行了简要总结。涉及十余种果树及系统聚类和模糊聚类两种聚类分析方法。文中对有关问题进行了分析和讨论。     

Experimental research on cardiac fibrosis induced by recombinant mouse interleukin-11 in mice

AIM To observe the effect of recombinant mouse interleukin-11 （rmIL-11）injected subcutaneously into mice on heart structure and function and to determine its pro-fibrotic effect. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The mice in experimental group were injected subcutaneously with recombinant mouse IL-11 at the dose of 100 μg·kg^-1·d^-1 for 3 consecutive weeks, while the control group were given equal volume of normal saline in the same way. After the experiment was finished, the parameters of heart function were measured by echocardiography.The heart weight was weighed and the cardiac weight index (CWI) was calculated. HE staining and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to observe the pathological changes and the extent of myocardial fibrosis in mouse myocardia respectively, and the cardiac collagen volume fraction (CVF) was calculated. The expression levels of extracellular matrix proteins in the myocardial tissues of mice, including type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen and fibronectin, were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fraction shortening in experimental group were obviously lower than those in control group (P<0.01), however left ventricular end-diastolic diamension and left ventricular end systolic dimension were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05).Compared with control group, the CWI was increased (P<0.01), the myocardial arrangement was disorder, the necrosis of cardiac myocytes was increased, and excessive deposition of collagen was observed in the myocardial tissues in experimental group. Correspondingly, the CVF and protein levels of type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen and fibronectin in the left ventricle in experimental group were increased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Injection of rmIL-11 into the mice subcutaneously induces fibrogenesis in the heart, which implies that IL-11 is likely a novel pro-fibrotic factor.     

不结球白菜维生素C和可溶性糖含量的遗传分析

采用主基因—多基因混合遗传模型分析方法,对不结球白菜乌塌菜×矮脚黄、雪克青×矮脚黄两个组合的维生素Ｃ、可溶性糖含量进行单世代和联合世代遗传分析。结果表明,两组合中维生素Ｃ含量遗传符合一个主基因和多基因的混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率为５２６８％～７４１２％。可溶性糖在雪克青×矮脚黄组合中也符合主基因—多基因遗传模型,主基因遗传率为８９７３％～８９７９％。维生素Ｃ和可溶性糖主基因效应均以加性效应为主,在乌塌菜×矮脚黄组合中,两性状主基因有较明显的负向显性效应,在雪克青×矮脚黄组合中,显性效应不明显。育种实践中应注重对主基因加性效应的利用。     

苹果采后Ca2+、K+外渗及胞外Ca2+的变化

与‘富士’苹果相比,‘辽伏’、‘新红星’苹果乙烯释放率较高,达到高峰较早,果肉软化较快,Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｋ＾＋外渗率呈逐渐升高趋势;外源ＭｇＳＯ４诱导的果肉圆片Ｃａ＾２＋渗漏量明显增多,其变化动态是先下降,后回升。富士苹果的Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｋ＾＋外渗率无明显增加。外源钙处理对新红星苹果Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｋ＾＋外渗率的影响较小。     

李属种质资源的抗寒性鉴定

为了给品种区化和资源的育种利用提供理论依据,于１９９５－１９９６年在辽宁熊岳作者用外渗电导法、揭变观察法和恢复生长法测定了属于中国李、欧洲李、杏李、加拿大李、美洲李、包苏里李、樱桃李和李、杏杂种的３６个代表品种和类型的抗寒性。结果表明;（１）李的抗寒性表现出丰富的多样发表一多数李品种对低温的适应能力较强;（２）起 的生态２条件与品种的抗寒性密切相关;（３）李几个主要种的抗寒性顺序为：乌苏里李〉美洲     

藜科杂草诱杀甜菜大龟甲初报

在甜菜田内利用灰藜等藜科杂草引诱发甜菜大龟甲成虫取食产物,然后集中消灭,减轻其对甜菜的危害,是一项可行措施。     

基于代谢组学技术的无机砷对三疣梭子蟹鳃组织的毒性作用机制研究

通过非靶向代谢组学方法对比分析暴露于0.3 mg/L三价砷(As3+)、0.3 mg/L五价砷(As5+)环境中96 h的雌性成体三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)代谢物组成及含量的变化,探究As3+、As5+对三疣梭子蟹鳃组织毒性相关分子机制.结果 发现,经0.3 mg/L As3+暴露共...     

土地利用总体规划中生态退耕规划标准指标体系构建与应用

生态退耕规划标准是新一轮土地利用总体规划编制过程中确定生态退耕布局和规模的准则和依据。针对目前生态退耕规划仅从改善生态环境的单一目标出发,而忽视生态退耕对区域粮食安全、经济发展影响的情况,该文以河北省为例,根据整体性、综合协调、科学和可操作性的原则,构建了生态退耕规划标准指标体系;并以河北省下辖11个行政市为评价单元,应用层次分析法进行河北省生态退耕区域评价;应用最小人均耕地面积的概念,确定生态退耕规模。根据评价单元各因素和综合得分情况,河北省可划分为重点、次重点和一般生态退耕区。预计到2020年河北省生态退耕总规模约为61.09×10⁴ hm²。     

深松旋耕组合作业机的研制与试验研究

根据国内中等功率拖拉机配套农机具的研究现状,以机组匹配理论为依据,研制了与中型拖拉机配套的深松旋耕组合作业机,并进行了单独深松、单独旋耕和组合工况的试验。试验表明所研制的机具在作业时能充分发挥拖拉机的动力性,减少拖拉机的功率消耗。机具配置的深松铲和旋耕刀片排列合理,深松扰动影响宽度和旋耕宽度相匹配,作业时波动范围较小,偏牵矩对拖拉机方向的稳定性基本没有影响。机具的研制也为与大功率拖拉机配套新型农机具的开发提供了借鉴。