猪源表皮葡萄球菌的分离与鉴定

葡萄球菌广泛分布于空气、饲料、饮水、地面及物体表面,在人及畜禽的皮肤、粘膜、肠道、呼吸道及乳腺中也存在,大部分无致病性[1].但使机体抵抗力下降的诸因素,特别是皮肤和粘膜受损时,可导致葡萄球菌病的发生.2006年9月,在河北昌黎地区某养猪场,从外地购买的100头仔猪陆续发生以背部、四肢渗出性皮炎为主要症状,并伴有体温升高、眼结膜潮红等症状的疾病.作者从该养猪场病猪皮肤溃疡浆液中分离出2株表皮葡萄球菌,并对分离菌的主要生物学特性进行了初步研究,旨在为临床上防治本病提供参考.     

奶酪风味的研究进展

综述了奶酪风味的研究进展,对奶酪的风味物质以及风味物质的提取与分析方法作了重点概述.     

In vitro effects and in vivo efficacy of a novel cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor in dogs with experimentally induced synovitis

OBJECTIVE: To determine cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selectivity, pharmacokinetic properties, and in vivo efficacy of ML-1,785,713 in dogs. ANIMALS: 21 healthy male and female mixed-breed dogs and 24 healthy male Beagles. PROCEDURE: Selectivity of ML-1,785,713 for inhibiting COX-2 was determined by comparing the potency for inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with that of COX-2 in canine blood. Pharmacokinetic properties were determined after i.v. (2 mg/kg) and oral (8 mg/kg) administration in female mixed-breed dogs. In vivo efficacy was evaluated in male mixed-breed dogs with urate crystal-induced synovitis. Prophylactic efficacy was evaluated by administering ML-1,785,713 two hours before induction of synovitis whereas therapeutic efficacy was determined by administering ML-1,785,713 one hour after induction of synovitis. RESULTS: Blood concentrations that resulted in 50% inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 activity in vitro were 119.1 microM and 0.31 microM, respectively, and selectivity ratio for inhibiting COX-2 relative to COX-1 was 384. ML-1,785,713 had high oral bioavailability (101%), low systemic clearance (77 mL/min/kg), and an elimination half-life of 5.9 hours. ML-1,785,713 was efficacious when administered prophylactically and therapeutically to dogs with urate crystal-induced synovitis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: ML-1,785,713 is a novel, potent COX-2 inhibitor that is the most selective COX-2 inhibitor described for use in dogs to date. ML-1,785,713 has oral bioavailability and low systemic clearance that is comparable to other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is effective after prophylactic and therapeutic administration in attenuating lameness in dogs with urate crystal-induced synovitis. Drugs that specifically inhibit COX-2 and not COX-1 at therapeutic doses may have an improved tolerability profile, compared with nonselective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.     

体外评定酸化剂作用效果的方法探讨

文章主要论述了体外法评定酸化剂作用效果的指标和评定方法。     

规模猪场防疫体系的构建要素分析

养猪生产是浦江县畜牧业的主要组成部分，其产值约占畜牧业总产值的80％左右，是农业增效、农民增收的主要途径之一。笔者根据生猪生产的特性和当前养猪生产的现状，简要分析了规模猪场防疫体系的构建要素，以期对提高养猪业的防疫水平有所借鉴和提高。     

2007年第一季度饲料和原料中霉菌毒素调查报告

1样品概述 2007年1－3月,百奥明公司共收集来自全国各地的样本68份,其中：玉米28份,配合饲料样本34份,DDGS、豆粕、棉粕、菜粕、花生粕及玉米蛋白粉各1份。[第一段]     

CXCL8((3-73))K11R/G31P antagonizes the neutrophil chemoattractants present in pasteurellosis and mastitis lesions and abrogates neutrophil influx into intradermal endotoxin challenge sites in vivo

Toxic products such as reactive oxygen intermediates released by activated polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) have an important role in the pathophysiology of diseases associated with the deposition of immune complexes (IC) in tissues. IC-induced activation of PMN requires adhesion mediated by integrin adhesion receptors. Of the integrins expressed on PMN, the beta(2) family has been found to be of particular importance for activation of PMN by IC. beta(2) Integrin ligand binding must be activated to enable adhesion to IC. Both activating and inhibitory signals regulate beta(2) integrin ligand avidity and adhesion. The second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has been demonstrated to inhibit the activation of PMN in response to a variety of stimuli. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that cAMP-dependent signals inhibit beta(2) integrin-dependent adhesion of equine PMN to immobilized IC and subsequent adhesion-dependent activation of respiratory burst activity. Treatment of equine PMN with beta(2) adrenergic agonists isoproterenol or clenbuterol, which trigger an increase in intracellular cAMP concentration, inhibited adhesion of equine PMN to IC in a dose dependent manner. Similarly, inhibition of cAMP hydrolysis by the non-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor pentoxifylline and the PDE 4-specific inhibitor rolipram inhibited adhesion of equine PMN to IC. Elevation of intracellular cAMP levels with pentoxifylline, clenbuterol and rolipram also inhibited IC-induced activation of respiratory burst activity in equine PMN. Importantly, co-treatment of equine PMN with rolipram and either beta(2) adrenergic agonist synergistically inhibited both the adhesion of equine PMN to IC as well as the subsequent respiratory burst activity.     

利用风险分析原理完善动物源性食品安全标准体系

近年来，一些危害人类生命健康的重大动物源性食品安全事件不断发生，如发生在比利时的二恶英事件，英国的疯牛病事件，日本的大肠杆菌0157污染事件以及禽流感疫情等。食品安全已成为一个日益引起关注的全球性热点问题。建立以风险分析为基础的标准体系，推行动物源性食品安全科学的管理模式。     

干扰素在动物疫病预防及兽医临床治疗中的应用

本文介绍了兽药市场常见干扰素的种类和主要成分,以及作者在临床治疗和预防控制动物疫病中使用干扰素的一些体会和注意事项。     

氮硅添加对高寒草甸生物量和多样性的影响——以青藏高原为例

草地施肥多集中于添加氮肥与磷肥,很少涉及硅肥。硅作为对植物有益的一种元素,能提高植物对环境的抗性,促进植物的生长。本研究以青藏高原高寒草甸为研究对象,通过添加不同组合的氮肥和硅肥,研究群落地上生物量和生物多样性的变化。结果表明,氮肥和硅肥的添加均能提高群落的地上生物量,然而硅肥提高群落地上生物量的幅度远低于氮肥;在添加氮肥导致群落物种多样性下降的同时,添加硅肥可以缓解群落多样性下降的趋势;硅肥的生物学功能在群落水平上存在着最佳浓度效应。同时,我们推测硅肥在维持群落中杂草的存活率上发挥着积极的作用,并通过比较不同硅肥处理时,杂草生物量所占群落生物量比重的变化,支持了上述推测。