Hyperspectral Models for Estimating SPAD Value of Cotton Leaves under Waterlogging Stress

[Object] To setup the hyperspectral sensing models for estimating SPAD value of cotton leaves under waterlogging stress. [Method] Irrigation and drainage controllable plots were introduced to simulate the waterlogging stress treatment in the flowering and boll forming stage, during which the change characteristics of the cotton leaf spectral reflectance and SPAD value were observed after 1 d, 3 d, 6 d, 9 d waterlogging, respectively. To find out the hyperspectral sensing models for estimating SPAD value of cotton leaves under waterlogging stress, the correlation and regression relationships between SPAD value and spectrum parameters were analyzed. [Result] (1) The SPAD value of the fourth cotton leaf from the top was significantly lower than control when suffers from waterlogging for 3 d, when waterlogged 9 d the SPAD value decreased by around 15% compared with the control. (2) The cotton suffering from waterlogged damage in the flowering and boll forming stage caused the reflection peak in green light wave band became steep, while the near infrared spectral reflectance increased, and caused the reduction of red absorption and red edge position blue shifts, the red edge position drifts towards short wave with 4～5 nm when suffers from waterlogging for 9 d. With increase of the waterlogged days, the red edge slope and red edge area increased with a maximum value at 6 d of waterlogging, meanwhile, the skewness and kurtosis of red edge increased. (3) After waterlogging, the SPAD value of the fourth cotton leaf from the top (chlorophyll content) had a remarkable correlation with red edge slope(Dr), red edge position(λr), green peak reflection(Rg), green peak position(λg), red well position(λo), blue edge area(SDb), yellow edge skewness(Sy), yellow edge kurtosis(Ky), red edge skewness(Sr), red edge kurtosis(Kr), etc. An experience linear, polynomial and exponential models for estimating SPAD value had been built through using the Sy, Sr, Kr as independent variables, respectively, their determination coefficient (R²) were greater than 0.9, and the root mean square error (RMSE) were less than 1; and an experience binary linear regression equation for estimating SPAD value had been built through multivariate regression using the λg, SDr/SDb(VI3), Sb, Sy, Ky as independent variables, the R² was as high as 0.973, and the RMSE was 0.393. [Conclusion] The model can be remote sensing model used as estimating leaf SPAD of cotton value under waterlogging stress.     

变频调速系统控制方法的研究

针对传统变频调速控制系统的不足,本文在交―交变频调速系统的基础上,引入了一种新的控制方法———对称余弦控制法。这种控制方法不但兼顾了传统控制方法所固有的正弦性,同时又由于它自身控制方式的特点,能很好地解决波形的对称性问题,同时兼顾输出波形的对称度与正弦度。通过仿真实验,该控制方式能很好地兼顾对称度和正弦度,输出的谐波含量也较小,取得了良好的效果。     

大豆种质资源叶型和荚粒性状的关系及与SSR标记的关联分析

选用167份国内外大豆品种资源材料,依据叶长/宽比值将其划分为宽叶型和窄叶型, 分析叶型相关性状与荚粒性状的相关性,结果表明叶宽、叶长/宽比均与每荚粒数显著相关(r = –0.69和0.64,P<0.001)。选用均匀分布于大豆20条连锁群上的65个SSR标记分析资源材料的群体结构,并用目标区间内13个SSR标记与叶型相关性状和荚粒性状进行关联分析, 结果显示,标记20-285与每荚粒数显著关联,推测控制每荚粒数的基因可能位于标记20-285附近;标记20-26和20-45间的标记几乎都与叶长/宽比存在显著的关联性,推测控制叶型的基因位于标记20-26和20-45之间。相关分析和关联分析证实大豆叶型与荚粒性状存在密切关系,并缩小了每荚粒数和叶型候选基因的区间。     

Mix Domain Decomposition Method with Boundary Element Method For Stokes Equations and Application

As the BEM was used in the knaggy domain,its approach error was big.Domain Decomposition Method change the problem in the knaggy domain to the problem in several convex domains which do not wrap.The whole solution is gained by alternating boundary conditions between Dirichlet condition and Neumann condition on the common boundary.Domain Decomposition Method for Stokes equations in the anomalistic knaggy domain is presented,the example of Domain Decomposition Method in the flow of the lake in GuiYang City is given.     

基于株型的水稻冠层光合生产模拟

利用基于冠层光分布的光合作用模型,以紧凑型和松散型2个不同株型水稻冠层为对象,通过设计不同的模型输入参数组合,定量分析了不同株型水稻冠层直接辐射消光系数的日变化特征、正午时刻直接辐射在冠层内的垂直分布特征、冠层内光合作用速率的垂直分布特征、不同辐射强度下冠层光合作用速率随叶面积指数的变化特征及其日变化等。结果表明,紧凑型的增产潜力依赖于较大的叶面积指数、叶片光合效能、太阳高度角和太阳辐射强度等。研究结果为水稻高产栽培及理想株型的优化设计提供了支撑。     

Improvement of circulatory circle design method forautomobile hydraulic torque converters

A design method to reduce the circulatory circle axle size for automobile hydraulic torque converters is proposed. According to the beam flow theory, the variety of the axle size has little effect on the characteristics of torque converters. Based on analyzing traditional design method, it’s found that the basic reason for oversize of axle is the unreasonable semi-empirical expression of the first and third arc radius. An improved design semi-empirical expression is proposed for passage car torque converters based on the analysis of several foreign mature torque converters, and an improved design method is established. The improved method is used to design a torque converter, and the results show that the circulation circle axle size reduces about 26% in the condition of keeping the same characteristics of the traditional method. It means the improved design method can better meet the design requirement of automobile torque converters.     

甘蓝型油菜MAPK7基因家族及其启动子的克隆与表达分析

从甘蓝型油菜中克隆了MAPK7基因家族3个成员BnMAPK7-1、BnMAPK7-2和BnMAPK7-3的全长cDNA序列,它们最长标准mRNA分别为1593、1434和1547 bp。系统进化分析表明,甘蓝型油菜MAPK7基因全部来自白菜,而且BnMAPK7-1/-2的是由白菜Bra03723祖先基因加倍产生的,而BnMAPK7-3则由白菜中Bra037234的祖先基因进化形成的。同时,克隆获得BnMAPK7-1/-2的启动子序列,该启动子里含有多个与光诱导相关的元件、激素响应元件和逆境胁迫响应元件。实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)显示甘蓝型油菜MAPK7基因家族在所有的组织器官中均表达,并发现该基因家族的表达受植物激素(MeJA、ABA、SA)、信号分子(H₂O₂)、逆境(高温)以及伤害(损伤和核盘菌)的诱导,初步证明甘蓝型油菜MAPK7基因在植物逆境胁迫应答中起一定作用。实现了甘蓝型油菜MAPK7-1/-3基因的原核表达,并证明它们编码的蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,为后续的研究提供了基础。     

Statistical characteristics analysis of partial discharge in high voltage cable joint

Four typical physical models for the internal insulation defects of 110kV cable joint are designed, while the test platform for Partial Discharges (PD) research on cable joint is constructed. A large number of PD data under different models are obtained by inner broadband ring sensor. The statistical analysis on the PD pattern indicates that there are significant differences between four PD forms on the statistical characteristics such as the phase distribution, skewness, kurtosis and degree of asymmetry, which can be used as effective features to reflect different characteristics of PD. Surface discharge and conductive particles may cause more serious damage to the insulation performance of cable joint, so high precaution should be paid on site operation.