土地整治项目对农田生态系统影响的能值分析

为在项目尺度构建土地整治农田生态系统能值分析框架,以江苏省宜兴市土地整治项目作为案例,根据设定的土地整治工程使用年限,从项目建设-使用过程和项目全生命周期2个时间维度,对土地整治工程建设对农田生态系统的影响进行了研究。结果表明:在项目建设-使用过程维度,1)项目建设期大量物料投入和电力等资源输入,导致能值投入加大,能值产出下降;2)受土地整治影响,项目建设导致农田生态系统自给能力减弱,对外界经济投入依赖度增加,净能值产出率下降,环境负载率增大,农田生态系统可持续发展能力下降;从生命全周期来看,3)由于土地整治工程的影响,各项能值指标在项目建设期出现陡增和陡降现象,随着土地整治工程竣工以及效益发挥,各项能值开始趋于平稳,并在全周期末各项指标优于土地整治前各项指标,全生命周期内预计给农田生态系统带来2.23E+19sej能值产出和60.15万美元能值-货币价值。综合而言,土地整治在项目建成后的10年内对项目区农田生态系统具有积极影响,但此后,可能将对项目区的生态环境造成了一定的压力。     

1株鸭源非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌的分离鉴定与致病性分析

为探明引起贵州省某鸭场雏鸭发病的病原及其致病性和耐药情况，本研究对该鸭场送的疑似细菌感染病鸭进行剖检，取鼻黏膜、心脏和肝脏等组织器官接种于培养基中进行细菌分离鉴定，通过对分离菌进行药敏试验、动物回归试验和毒力基因检测研究其耐药情况和致病性。结果显示，分离菌在血琼脂培养基上生长16 h后呈现为边缘整齐、有光泽的乳白色菌落，伴有β-溶血现象，经革兰氏染色后在生物显微镜下呈两端钝圆、弧状、排列无规则的革兰氏阴性短小杆菌，与霍乱弧菌相符；16S rDNA基因序列同源性及系统进化树显示，该分离菌与霍乱弧菌同源性高达99.6%~99.7%聚为一支；药敏试验结果显示，分离菌对大部分药物都表现为耐药，其中对氨苄西林、克林霉素、复方新诺明、苯唑西林和克林霉素等抗菌药耐药性较强，对头孢哌酮和头孢曲松敏感；动物回归试验显示，分离菌可导致试验组雏鸭5 d内全部发病死亡，表明该分离菌对雏鸭具有较强的致病性；毒力基因PCR检测结果显示，检测的霍乱弧菌相关毒力基因hlyA、ompW和chxA为阳性，而检测的O1群rfb、O139群rfb、tcpA及ctxA基因为阴性，表明本次分离的霍乱弧菌携带有致病基因，但不属于O1和O139血清群。结果表明，该鸭场雏鸭发病的疫情病原为非O1/O139血清群霍乱弧菌，该菌致病性强且对多种抗菌药物耐药。本试验结果为贵州省鸭霍乱弧菌病的防控提供了参考依据。     

猪SENP1基因克隆、生物信息学分析与表达研究

试验旨在对猪SUMO特异性蛋白酶1(sentrin-specific protease 1,SENP1)基因CDS区进行克隆和生物信息学分析,并探讨SENP1基因在乙脑病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus,JEV)感染PK15细胞后的表达情况。根据GenBank中公布的猪SENP1基因预测序列(登录号:XM_013997974.2)设计特异性引物,通过RT-PCR和T/A克隆技术对猪SENP1基因CDS区序列进行克隆测序,并进行生物信息学分析,利用实时荧光定量PCR分析猪SENP1基因在JEV感染PK15细胞不同时间点(0、12、24、36、48 h)的表达情况。结果显示,猪SENP1基因CDS序列全长2 034 bp,共编码677个氨基酸。序列比对和系统进化树分析结果表明,猪SENP1蛋白序列和山羊、犬、人、牛的相似性分别为94.8%、94.2%、93.9%和93.8%,说明在这些物种中SENP1的保守性较强;猪与犬的SENP1分子亲缘关系较近。生物信息学分析结果显示,猪SENP1蛋白相对分子质量为76 825.76,等电点为8.53,体外半衰期为30 h,不稳定系数为53.59,总平均亲水指数为－0.622。SENP1蛋白不含信号肽序列,无跨膜结构域。二级结构分析结果显示,SENP1蛋白中α-螺旋、无规则卷曲、延伸链和β-转角分别占31.31%、46.68%、16.25%和5.76%。三级结构分析结果显示,猪SENP1蛋白中存在8个α-螺旋区和7个β-转角区。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,猪SENP1基因在JEV感染的PK15细胞中呈现上调表达趋势,其中在感染后48 h SENP1基因表达量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。本试验结果为后续深入研究SENP1基因功能提供了参考。     

月季高温胁迫研究进展

为推动耐热月季种质资源筛选和育种进程,总结了高温胁迫对月季形态、产量、品质、生理生化(细胞膜透性、渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化酶活性)的影响,简述了月季对高温胁迫响应机理的研究现状,阐述了月季耐热性评价指标筛选、种质资源耐热性评价以及耐热月季选育工作进展.结果 表明:相较于其它花卉,月季研究目前集中于种质资源耐热性评价,而高温响应机理和耐热品种选育则相对滞后.随着全球气候变暖,高温胁迫已是现今月季面临的重要逆境胁迫.目前,亟需结合多组学深入研究其相应机理,以加快耐热月季种质筛选和育种进程,以满足华东地区对耐热月季品种的需求.     

Influence of paricalcitol on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy

AIM: To investigate the effect of paricalcitol (P) on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy (DN).METHODS: DN rat model was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin after fasting. The animals were randomly divided into 2 groups:the DN rats in paricalcitol-intervened group (group P) were injected intraperitoneally with paricalcitol dissolved in propylene glycol after the day when the model was induced successfully at a dose of 0.4 μg/kg (3 times a week); the DN rats in DN group (group D) were given isopyknic propylene glycol. Normal control group (group C) was also set up. The samples of blood, urine and renal tissue were collected after intervention of paricalcitol for 12 weeks. The biochemical indexes were measured. The renal tissues were used for pathologic observation and determining the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Wnt-4, β-catenin and Klotho by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. In addition, the correlation among the above indexes was analyzed.RESULTS: (1) Scr, BUN and 24 h urine protein increased significantly in group D compared with group C, while decreased in group P compared with group D (P<0.05). (2) The area of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis increased in group D compared with group C, while decreased in group P compared with group D (P<0.05). (3) The expression of Klotho decreased, while the expression of TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin increased in group D compared with group C (P<0.05). Compared with group D, the expression of Klotho increased, while the expression of TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin decreased in group P (P<0.05). (4) The expression of Klotho was negatively correlated with the fibrosis area, TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Paricalcitol inhibits renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in DN by promoting the expression of renal Klotho, and inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation and TGF-β1 synthesis.     

贞丰县银洞湾小流域的石漠化治理模式

对贵州省贞丰县银洞湾小流域石漠化的治理对策及模式进行了介绍。     

Comparative Study on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Different Month Old of Xinjiang Brown Cattle Steers

In this research,12 heads of 28 to 30 months (low months age group) and 8 heads of 32 to 34 months (high months age group) Xinjiang Brown cattle steers which fed in the same mode of nutrition were chose for the slaughter test,in which the carcass traits,nutrient composition and some edible quality index were measured and comparative analyzed,a research which through comparative analysis the carcass traits and meat quality of nutritional components of different months of Xinjiang Brown cattle steers was carried out.The results indicated that the marbling,carcass grade,fat,meat color of high months age group were better than that of low months age group,the traits of the low months age group on fat color,moisture,protein,cooking loss and shear force value were better than that of high months age group,and there were significant difference on the traits of fat and meat color L^* between the two groups (P<0.05),while the differences of other traits between them were not significant (P>0.05);As high-grade beef,in addition to the traits of meat color and pH value of the chunk roll,tenderloin and striploin,each site of the meat traits on the fat,protein,moisture,cooking loss,shear force value indicators were all better than other parts,and showed the best of nutritional value and edible quality.28 to 34 months of Xinjiang Brown cattle steers could produce high-grade beef,the meat could be used as the raw materials of steak and boiled beef.     

海口地区平原型热带高尔夫园林造景技法探析

采用实地调查与文献研究相结合、定量分析与定性分析相结合的方法,对海口地区3个平原型热带高尔夫园林的空间布局、植物造景方法、景观元素搭配、人工植物群落进行了调查分析。结果表明:3个球场的空间布局和植物造景都略显单调,隔景和列植分别为其最主要的造景方式;景观元素的搭配形式则较丰富,热带植物及色叶植物的运用使其别具风格和魅力;人工植物群落方面则多以常见园林植物和外来入侵物种为主,缺乏乡土植物的运用和搭配,人工痕迹明显。     

卷烟感官评价三点检验Excel插件的设计和应用

为提高卷烟感官评价三点检验的易用性和实用性,采用Excel VBA设计三点检验Excel插件程序,随机生成样品编码,快速识别评价样品,自动统计分析结果,实现了卷烟感官的高效评价。