抗菌肽对发酵床饲养仔猪抗氧化指标、免疫指标及肠道主要菌群数量的影响

为研究发酵床饲养模式下饲粮中添加抗菌肽对仔猪生长性能、抗氧化指标、免疫指标及盲肠主要菌群数量的影响,选用108头35日龄,体重13kg左右的健康苏钟猪,随机分为3组,每组3重复,每重复12头猪,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+40mg/kg杆菌肽锌+20mg/kg硫酸抗敌素(抗生素组)和基础饲粮+300 mg/kg抗菌肽(抗菌肽组),试验期49d。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加抗菌肽能够显著提高仔猪血清和肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P0.05),极显著降低肝脏丙二醛含量(P0.01);抗菌肽组肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性比抗生素组极显著提高(P0.01)。(2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加抗菌肽能够极显著提高仔猪十二指肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量(P0.01);抗菌肽组仔猪血清IgA含量分别比对照组和抗生素组提高4.03%、2.27%,抗菌肽组空肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量比对照组提高10.70%,但差异均不显著(P0.05)。(3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加抗菌肽能够显著降低仔猪盲肠中大肠杆菌数量(P0.05);细菌总数降低5.98%,但差异不显著(P0.05)。综上所述,本试验条件下,饲粮中添加300mg/kg的抗菌肽能够提高仔猪抗氧化和免疫功能;减少仔猪盲肠中大肠杆菌数量,而对盲肠有益菌群无不良影响。     

Calreticulin expression is necessary for protective immune effect of T-cell vaccine in EAE mice

AIM:To study the role of cell membrane ectopic calreticulin (CALR) expression on the protective immunie effect of T-cell vaccine (TCV) on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). METHODS:EAE model was established by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 (MOG_35-55) immunization in C57BL/6 mice, and the mice were immunized with MOG_35-55-specific CALR⁺ and CALR^- T-lymphocytes. Symptomatic scores were compared at the maximum of the disease. On the 15th day after immunization, the proportion of CD4⁺ CD25⁺ Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells (Treg) in the spleen, and the expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10 and IL-17A in the serum were measured. RESULTS:Increased expression of CALR in activated T cells after γ-irradiation was observed. Blockade of CALR on the vaccinating T-cell surface reduced the protective effect of TCV. Furthermore, blockade of CALR reduced the number of Treg in the spleen and up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION:CALR expression in the T cells is necessary for the protective immunity induced by TCV in EAE mice.     

杂交水稻三系不育系选育的实践与探讨

回顾了杂交水稻三系不育系15年来的选育实践,总结了选育杂交水稻三系不育系的经验与体会:一是对理想不育系的模型进行了有益的构思;二是B×B遗传改良不育系效率高,但多个优良性状难以有效整合;三是新质源和新类型材料的挖掘与利用,既可改良米质,又可扩大亲缘关系,增强杂种优势;四是应在现有基础上,关键抓品质、产量与抗性三者协调的理想不育系选育。     

高电源抑制比、低温飘带隙基准电压源的设计

采用TSMC 0.18μm CMOS工艺,设计了一种电源电压为3 V、基准输出为1.25 V的高电源抑制比、低温度系数的带隙基准电压源电路.Cadence Spectre仿真结果表明,该基准源具有较好的温度特性,在-40~125℃温度范围内,温度系数为3.5×10-6.℃-1;电源电压在2.7~3.6 V范围内波动时,电源电压调整率为72μV.V-1;具有良好的电源电压抑制特性,最高抑制比可达89 dB,在10 kHz处可实现45 dB的电源电压抑制比.     

桑树内生真菌Macrophomina phaseolina MOD-1产油脂培养基及摇瓶发酵条件的优化试验

从健康桑树根系中分离筛选得到一株内生产油脂真菌——菜豆壳球孢菌MOD-1(Macrophomina phaseolina,MOD-1)。结合均匀设计和单因子筛选法得到该菌株产油脂发酵培养基最优配方为:可溶性淀粉105 g/L,蛋白胨1.1 g/L,磷酸二氢钾1.5 g/L,硫酸铵0.3 g/L,硫酸镁0.32 g/L,氯化锰4.9 nmol/L。在此基础上优化该菌株产油脂的摇瓶发酵条件为:发酵液初始pH7.0,发酵温度26℃,摇瓶转速190 r/min,装液量100 mL。在优化后的培养基组分及摇瓶发酵条件下培养6 d,菌体生长量(干质量)高达41.852 g/L,油脂产量达到25.511 g/L。利用气相色谱-质谱法分别测定菌株在优化后的培养基或发酵条件下产生油脂的脂肪酸组成,前一种条件下检测出9种脂肪酸成分,其中单不饱和脂肪酸含量为67.92%;后一种条件下检测出7种脂肪酸成分,其中单不饱和脂肪酸含量为74.32%。结果表明,在优化培养基及摇瓶发酵条件下,MOD-1菌株的油脂产量增高,组成简单,易于纯化,且单不饱和脂肪酸含量较高。     

大蒜根系分泌物对烟草青枯病的影响

为探讨大蒜根系分泌物对烟草青枯病菌的抑菌活性,采用抑菌圈法和盆栽试验研究了大蒜根系分泌物及其主要成分对烟草青枯病的影响。结果表明：大蒜根系分泌物浓度为1g/mL时,对烟草青枯病菌抑制效果最好,其抑菌率为53.67%。大蒜根系分泌物4种成分的抑菌效果由强到弱依次为：2,6-二异丙基苯酚>二烯丙基二硫>2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚>邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。其中,2,6-二异丙基酚对烟草青枯病菌的抑制作用最强,在1和5mmol/L时的抑菌率分别为99.66%和100.00%;在盆栽试验中也具有较好的防治效果,接种后7 d和14 d后,其防效分别为34.75%和31.35%。因此,大蒜根系分泌物及其成分均对烟草青枯病有明显的抑制作用。本研究揭示了大蒜作为轮作或间作作物对烟草青枯病的防控机理,以及大蒜根系分泌物和2,6-二异丙基酚作为烟草青枯病防治剂的潜力。     

Influence of paricalcitol on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy

AIM: To investigate the effect of paricalcitol (P) on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy (DN).METHODS: DN rat model was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin after fasting. The animals were randomly divided into 2 groups:the DN rats in paricalcitol-intervened group (group P) were injected intraperitoneally with paricalcitol dissolved in propylene glycol after the day when the model was induced successfully at a dose of 0.4 μg/kg (3 times a week); the DN rats in DN group (group D) were given isopyknic propylene glycol. Normal control group (group C) was also set up. The samples of blood, urine and renal tissue were collected after intervention of paricalcitol for 12 weeks. The biochemical indexes were measured. The renal tissues were used for pathologic observation and determining the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Wnt-4, β-catenin and Klotho by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. In addition, the correlation among the above indexes was analyzed.RESULTS: (1) Scr, BUN and 24 h urine protein increased significantly in group D compared with group C, while decreased in group P compared with group D (P<0.05). (2) The area of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis increased in group D compared with group C, while decreased in group P compared with group D (P<0.05). (3) The expression of Klotho decreased, while the expression of TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin increased in group D compared with group C (P<0.05). Compared with group D, the expression of Klotho increased, while the expression of TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin decreased in group P (P<0.05). (4) The expression of Klotho was negatively correlated with the fibrosis area, TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Paricalcitol inhibits renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in DN by promoting the expression of renal Klotho, and inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation and TGF-β1 synthesis.     

棚室专用薄皮甜瓜新品种‘永甜4号’的选育

‘永甜4号’薄皮甜瓜是用地方薄皮甜瓜品种自交系‘白B10’为母本、‘郑引55’自交系‘A97-I-14-63’为父本配制的杂交一代新品种。该品种早熟,全生育期93d,果实发育期31d。在棚室种植坐瓜率高,产量稳定,果皮浅黄色,梨形,单果质量450⁴80g,极少裂瓜,畸形瓜少,中心可溶性固形物含量12%480g,极少裂瓜,畸形瓜少,中心可溶性固形物含量12%¹3%。货架期长,耐运输。2006年通过黑龙江农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

福建产业发展现状及前景

(Prunus salicina Lindli.var cordata J.Y.Zhang et al.)属蔷薇科(Rosaceae),李属(Prunus),是原产福建的名、特、优水果之一,果桃形李实,酸甜适度,风味极佳,是南方的1种重要落叶果树。本文分析了福建省产业发展现状趋势,包括各市种植区域、面积和产量等,阐述了产业发展的具体优势,明确了福建省生产现状,为福建省今后发展种植提供参考价值。     

Effects of baicalin on glial fibrillary acidic protein and nuclear factor-κB expression in juvenile rat hippocampus after status convulsion

AIM: To study the effects of baicalin (BC) on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression and neuronal apoptosis in juvenile rat hippocampus after status convulsion (SC). METHODS: One hundred and ninety five juvenile male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal saline pretreatment group (NS group), SC group and SC with BC pretreatment group (BC group). Each of these 3 groups would be subdivided into 5 subgroups sacrificed at 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after SC. The rat SC model was prepared by lithium-pilocarpine chemical method. The protein expression of GFAP and NF-κB was detected by the method of immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression of GFAP was detected by RT-PCR. The neuronal apoptosis was observed by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). RESULTS: Compared with NS group, the GFAP positive cells was increased in SC group (P<0.05). Compared with SC group, the expression of GFAP was significantly reduced in BC group (P<0.05). Compared with NS group, the NF-κB positive cells was increased in SC group (P<0.05). Compared with SC group, the expression of NF-κB was significantly reduced in BC group. RT-PCR showed that the expression trend of GFAP mRNA was similar to that of the protein. Compared with NS group, the TUNEL positive cells in the hippocampus CA1 area in SC group increased significantly 12 h after SC (P<0.01), and reached a peak at 48 h. After the intervention with BC, the TUNEL positive cells decreased significantly between 12~48 h after SC (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but the number of TUNEL positive cells remained significantly greater than that in NS group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The expression of GFAP and NF-κB in the hippocampus increased after SC in rats. Baicalin decreases the expression of GFAP and NF-κB in hippocampus of rats with pilocarpine-induced seizures, and reduces the number of neuronal apoptosis, suggesting that baicalin may protect against the brain damage caused by status convulsion.