土壤耕作与春季灌水次数对冬小麦产量要素与经济效益的影响

2016-2019年小麦季,在河北农业大学辛集实验站,以石麦15为供试品种,设4个处理:旋耕+春季2次灌水(RT2);深松+春季1次灌水(ST1);深松+春季2次灌水(ST2);旋耕+春季1次灌水(RT1),测定小麦开花与结实特性、灌浆和农田投入产出情况.结果表明:耕作与灌水次数对有效穗数无显著影响.1次和2次灌水条件下,深松处理均可显著降低不孕小穗数和不孕小穗比例,ST2和ST1处理穗粒数比RT2和RT1处理2个生长季分别高3.2％和5.7％.1水条件下,深松比旋耕处理有效灌浆期显著延长;2水条件下,降水较多的2018年表现为深松处理比旋耕处理提升灌浆速率;同次数灌水的深松条件下2个处理千粒重和旋耕处理相比,深松处理2个灌水次数的处理千粒重也均显著高于同样灌水次数旋耕条件下处理,2个生长季平均高4.8％.采用深松施肥旋耕一体化作业可有效降低农田耕作施肥投入,对提高收获指数和产投比也有积极意义,ST2比RT2分别提升4.8％和28.1个百分点,ST1比RT1分别提升和11.3％和46.0个百分点.     

Analysis of the Genetic Diversity and Origin of Some Chinese Domestic Duck Breeds

Twelve fluorescence-labeled microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 12 domestic duck breeds and 2 wild duck breeds to determine the relationship and origin of Chinese domestic duck breeds. Gene frequency, effective number of alleles （Ne）, expected heterozygosity （He）, polymorphism information contents （PIC）, inbreeding coefficient in population （Fis）, standard genetic distance （Ds）, and genetic distance （DA） were calculated by FSTAT and distance and phylogenetic analysis after the dates which were output from the Microsatellite-Toolkit software. Genetic distances between 12 domestic duck breeds and 2 wild duck breeds were analyzed by variance analysis. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean （UPGMA） and phylogenetic trees used for cluster analysis were structured. The results indicated that 11 loci had medium- or high-level genetic diversity among the 12 loci, which could be efficiently used in the detection of the genetic parameters of each population. The values of He were 0.5414 to 0.7343, those of PIC proved similar, and those of Fis were 0.1101 to 0.3381 among all populations. All breeds were clustered into three groups by UPGMA phylogenetic trees. Banzui duck was clustered into a separate group. Differences of the DA were analysed by t-test. The results showed that difference in DA between the 12 domestic duck breeds and Lvtou duck and the Banzui duck were very significant （P〈0.01）, indicating that these 12 domestic duck breeds originated from Lvtou wild duck, but not Banzui duck.     

紫红笛鲷人工繁殖及育苗技术研究报告

利用海水土池或网箱养殖三龄以上的紫红笛鲷成鱼,于催产前三个月进行强化培育。在水温达到 20.0℃以上的春、夏季,用绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)和释放激素(LRH-A_(2-3))进行催产,混合或单一使用,剂量视亲鱼性腺成熟度而定。受精卵在盐度27.9-33.5,水温26.5-30.5℃,pH8.2的水环境中经15-17h孵化。开口仔鱼在土池水温27.2-35.5℃.盐度:23.5-35.6.pH8.0-9.5的条件下,经28-30d培育.鱼体全长为2.5-3.2cm,仔鱼变态完全,成为幼鱼。     

一种管道水培叶菜变方位包络定心抓取方式

将不同位姿的水培叶菜包络定心夹持到种植孔中心取出，是实现茎秆精准根切，避免根部残留在管道内的关键。针对定方位抓取方式在一些方位上对叶菜向心包络扶起作用小，抓取成功率低的问题，提出一种在夹持过程中使夹手相对种植孔中心转动的变方位抓取方式。以水培绿宝芥蓝为抓取对象，建立夹手张开伸入、绕种植孔中心转动及闭合夹紧时的尺寸参数关系模型；构建包络定心夹持多刚体动力学仿真模型，对初始倾角为50°、65°和80°，相对种植孔边缘均布的8个方位P₁～P₈上的芥蓝进行包络夹持过程仿真分析；搭建抓取试验平台，对初始倾角为45°～60°、>60°～75°和 >75°～90°，方位为P₁～P₈的芥蓝进行抓取试验。分析确定两手指初始张开角为15°，闭合夹角为30°，夹手变方位转动角为45°，夹手转动速度为两手指转动速度的2倍。仿真获得的变方位夹持倾角为82.18°～88.96°，优于定方位夹持倾角80.32°～88.57°；抓取试验获得的变方位抓持倾角为82.83°～89.65°，优于定方位抓持倾角70.70°～89.27°，仿真与试验结果具有较好一致性，表明变方位夹持不同位姿芥蓝的向心包络扶起作用效果更好。3种初始倾角的变方位抓取试验获得的成功率均值分别为91.67%、95.83%和100.00%，定方位抓取成功率均值分别为87.50%、91.67%和100.00%，表明初始倾角越大抓取机构可获得的抓取成功率越高，变方位抓取初始倾角小的芥蓝可获得更高的成功率；不计P₂方位双层手指伸入碰倒芥蓝样本，变方位抓取获得的最小抓取成功率均值为91.70%，相比定方位在P₁～P₈方位上均具有更好的包络定心抓取效果。研究可为管道水培叶菜采收装备的研制提供依据。     

亚热带禾本科牧草闽牧42的植物学特征和利用价值

主要介绍了闽牧42的植物学特征和利用价值。闽牧42是福建省农业科学院甘蔗研究所以丰产、适应性广的甘蔗栽培品种Co419为母本，以大茎野生蔗的杂种后代PT43-52为父本，经有性杂交选育出用作饲草的新型的C     

NaCl对转P5 CS基因水稻种子萌发的影响

脯氨酸是植物体内非常重要的渗透调节化合物,它的积累可增加植物对干旱、盐碱的耐受能力。P5CS(Δ1-吡咯啉-5-羧基合成酶基因)在植物中催化脯氨酸生物合成的前两部反应,其活性受到脯氨酸含量的反馈抑制。本研究对转P5CS基因的水稻T4代种子与对照在不同浓度的NaCl胁迫下的萌发进行试验。结果表明,随着NaCl浓度的增高,种子萌发受到的抑制越大,但在100 mmol/L时转P5CS的种子萌发率、生理指标、ABA、脯氨酸和可溶性糖的含量显著高于对照,但可溶性蛋白低于对照。说明转P5CS基因的水稻有显著的耐NaCl胁迫作用。     

日光温室冬春茬番茄套种生菜—夏秋茬黄瓜高效栽培模式

日光温室冬春茬番茄套种生菜，紧接夏秋茬黄瓜，采用“倒栽移苗”等新技术，每667 m² 年产值3.8 万元，纯效益3.2 万元，经济效益显著。     

BP神经网络结合正交试验法优化Bacillus velezensis Z-27菌株培养基组分

将BP人工神经网络(Artificiai neural network)技术与传统的正交试验方法相结合,提出一种新的试验分析和处理方法,利用神经网络特有的自学能力,对主要影响因素进行仿真优化,获得Bacillus velezensis Z-27菌株培养基组分,即玉米粉2.0％、豆饼粉1.5％、MnSO4· H2O 0.07％,起始pH为7.0、接种量为2.0％,应用优化得到的培养基组分进行验证试验,取得了较好的效果.     

Proteomic analysis of human endometrium during the implantation window

AIM: To establish a method for determining the differential expression of proteins in human endometrium during the implantation window and to analyze the correlation between altered expression of the proteins and endometrial receptivity. METHODS: A comparative proteomic strategy in a combination of two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) was adopted to search the proteomic alternations in the endometria of pre-receptive pre-receptive [day 2 after luteinizing hormone surge (LH+2 d)] state versus the endometria of receptive (LH+7 d) state. Validation of annexin IV was performed by Western blotting. RESULTS: Approximate 2 555±98 polypeptide spots were revealed by densitometry analysis of the 2D protein maps in LH+2 d and LH+7 d endometrial tissues resolved in the linear range of pH 3~10 on the 2D gel, in which 31 proteins were found to be significantly changed, including 17 proteins up-regulated and 14 proteins down-regulated in LH+7 d samples. These 31 identified proteins were classified into 6 functional categories of the correlation with implantation process: cell migration or assimilation, enzymic activity, signal transduction and gene regulation, immunoregulation, vascularization, and blood clotting or fibrinolysis system. The same expression trend of annexin IV was confirmed by Western blotting. CONCLUSION: Human endometrium has a differential proteomic repertoire during the window of implantation. The 6 functional categories of differentially expressed proteins in the receptive endometrium indicate that they play an important role in transforming of the endometrium during the receptive state.     

浅谈加入WTO对森工企业发展的影响及对策

分析加入WTO带给森工企业的机遇及挑战，并提出相应的对策，为我国森工企业的发展提供参考。