Potato absorption and phytoavailability of Cd,Ni, Cu,Zn and Pb in sierozem soils amended with municipal sludge compost

Effects of sludge utilization on the mobility and phytoavailability of heavy metals in soil-plant systems have attracted broad attention in recent years. In this study, we analyzed the effects of municipal sludge compost(MSC) on the solubility and plant uptake of Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in a soil-potato system to explore the mobility, potato plant uptake and enrichment of these five heavy metals in sierozem soils amended with MSC through a potato cultivation trial in Lanzhou University of China in 2014. Ridge regression analysis was conducted to investigate the phytoavailability of heavy metals in amended soils. Furthermore, CaCl_2, CH_3 COONH_4, CH_3COOH, diethylene triamine pentacetic acid(DTPA) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA) were used to extract the labile fraction of heavy metals from the amended soils. The results show that the MSC could not only improve the fertility but also increase the dissolved organic carbon(DOC) content of sierozem soils. The total concentrations and labile fraction proportions of heavy metals increase with increasing MSC percentage in sierozem soils. In amended soils, Cd has the highest solubility and mobility while Ni has the lowest solubility and mobility among the five heavy metals. The MSC increases the concentrations of heavy metals in the root, stem, peel and tuber of the potato plant, with the concentrations being much higher in the stem and root than in the peel and tuber. Among the five heavy metals, the bioconcentration factor value of Cd is the highest, while that of Ni is the lowest. The complexing agent(DTPA and EDTA) extractable fractions of heavy metals are the highest in terms of phytoavailability. Soil properties(including organic matter, p H and DOC) have important impacts on the phytoavailability of heavy metals. Our results suggest that in soil-potato systems, although the MSC may improve soil fertility, it can also increase the risk of soils exposed to heavy metals.     

The priority of management factors for reducing the yield gap of summer maize in the north of Huang-Huai-Hai region,China

Understanding yield potential, yield gap and the priority of management factors for reducing the yield gap in current intensive maize production is essential for meeting future food demand with the limited resources. In this study, we conducted field experiments using different planting modes, which were basic productivity(CK), farmer practice(FP), high yield and high efficiency(HH), and super high yield(SH), to estimate the yield gap. Different factorial experiments(fertilizer, planting density, hybrids, and irrigation) were also conducted to evaluate the priority of individual management factors for reducing the yield gap between the different planting modes. We found significant differences between the maize yields of different planting modes. The treatments of CK, FP, HH, and SH achieved 54.26, 58.76, 65.77, and 71.99% of the yield potential, respectively. The yield gaps between three pairs: CK and FP, FP and HH, and HH and SH, were 0.76, 1.23 and 0.85 t ha~(–1), respectively. By further analyzing the priority of management factors for reducing the yield gap between FP and HH, as well as HH and SH, we found that the priorities of the management factors(contribution rates) were plant density(13.29%)fertilizer(11.95%)hybrids(8.19%)irrigation(4%) for FP to HH, and hybrids(8.94%)plant density(4.84%)fertilizer(1.91%) for HH to SH. Therefore, increasing the planting density of FP was the key factor for decreasing the yield gap between FP and HH, while choosing hybrids with density and lodging tolerance was the key factor for decreasing the yield gap between HH and SH.     

哈尔滨地区大豆蚜及其天敌昆虫的多年种群动态和相关性分析

为明确大豆蚜种群数量与其天敌昆虫龟纹瓢虫[Propylea japonica(Thunberg)]、异色瓢虫[Harmonia axyridia(Pallas)]及花蝽(Orius sp.)的田间发生情况及二者的相关性,采用对角线五点取样、借助直接观察法,对哈尔滨地区大豆蚜及上述天敌昆虫的种群动态(2008-2014年)进行了系统调查。记录各年份大豆蚜种群数量峰值及峰值日后第6天各天敌昆虫的种群数量,并对大豆蚜与天敌昆虫的发生关系进行了相关分析。结果表明:6月为大豆蚜的田间始发期,7-8月为其田间猖獗期,9月为其消亡期。在大豆蚜的始发期和猖獗期,田间均有龟纹瓢虫(成虫和幼虫)、异色瓢虫(成虫和幼虫)及花蝽(成虫和若虫)的发生。龟纹瓢虫幼虫和异色瓢虫成虫的田间种群数量与大豆蚜的种群数量间均呈现显著相关性。     

夏训对优秀皮划艇运动员铁调素等铁营养状况以及IL-6的影响

目的：探讨夏训对优秀运动员铁调素等铁营养状况以及IL-6的影响。方法：广东省优秀皮划艇运动员26人(男15人，女11人)参加测试，调查夏训前和夏训后血红蛋白、铁调素、可溶性转铁蛋白受体、血清铁蛋白、可溶性转铁蛋白受体/log铁蛋白、血清铁、总铁结合力、转铁蛋白饱和度以及白介素6变化情况。结果：夏训后，男运动员组铁调素和可溶性转铁蛋白受体极显著上升(P<0.01)、血清铁蛋白极显著下降(P<0.01)，可溶性转铁蛋白受体/log铁蛋白显著上升(P<0.05)，总铁结合力显著下降(P<0.05)，白介素6极显著上升(P<0.01)。女运动员组血红蛋白显著降低(P<0.05)，铁调素和可溶性转铁蛋白受体极显著上升(P<0.01)，血清铁蛋白极显著下降(P<0.01)，可溶性转铁蛋白受体/log铁蛋白极显著上升(P<0.01)，白介素6极显著上升(P<0.01)。结论：夏训可引起运动员炎症因子升高、铁调素升高，导致功能铁不足；铁调素介导的铁代谢紊乱可能是运动性低血色素发生的重要原因。     

优质菜薹新品种青菜心1 号

青菜心1 号出苗快，出苗率高，生长快速，薹齐而粗，色泽油绿，商品性优。产量明显优于南蔬50 天，在高水肥条件下平均每667 m2产量3 200～3 348 kg。     

园林植物春季最佳观赏期调查研究

目前,由于缺乏准确的园林植物最佳观赏期的资料,导致优秀的规划设计方案难以落到实处,园林景点建成之后景观效果大打折扣。针对以上问题,作者采用实地调查观测的方法对园林植物春季最佳观赏期和最佳观赏顺序进行了研究。记录整理典型地点园林植物的最佳观赏期和最佳观赏顺序,为园林规划设计、植物配置和养护管理提供科学的参考依据。     

便携式XRF仪现场快速测定土壤中Pb的可行性研究

便携式XRF分析仪具有轻便、快速和可测对象较多与测量元素较广等特点而广泛应用于矿石、土壤等方面快速检测,但土壤的现场快速测定结果的准确性有待进一步研究与探讨。以安宁河谷平原土壤中Pb为研究对象,通过对便携式XRF仪现场快速检测结果与实验室分析结果的对比和影响因素的分析,建立基于安宁河谷平原表层土壤快速测定结果的线性函数为y=1.170 9x-17.326 0(R~2=0.992 9,x为现场检测结果),探讨其影响因素,为该区域表层土壤中Pb快速检测结果提供依据。     

Analysis on Target Genes with Mutation in microRNA of Blue-shelled Chicken and White Leghorn

The study was conducted to explore the potential different characters between Blue-shelled chicken and White leghorn.Global genome microRNA was combined the identified microRNA with complementary lab-predicted microRNA.Then the two breed chicken's SNP data got by GGRS were mapped to the microRNA and focused on SNP that deliberately located in mature-microRNA.Bioinformatics method was adopted for target prediction on microRNA which had SNPs.By further gene enrichment analysis,the study found these genes enriched in 22 GO terms,10 KEGG pathways,and 3 IPA important networks.And they enriched in traits which associated with growth,such as mTOR signaling pathways,Wnt signaling pathways,growth hormone receptor networks and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ receptor networks.And they also enriched in some laying traits,such as oocyte meiotic signaling pathways and progesterone mature oocytes signaling pathways.The methods and the results might provide references for further studies.