葡萄糖氧化酶纳米粒的制备及其体内外抗菌效果

为了使葡萄糖氧化酶更加稳定,利用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合反应对葡萄糖氧化酶进行纳米包裹。动态激光散射仪测定显示,包裹后粒径为(12.4±1.0)nm, Zeta电位为(+4.2±0.5)mV。通过冻融循环、长期储存和胰蛋白酶试验证明了包裹后的稳定性。在体外,对大肠杆菌的最低抗菌浓度为0.01 mg/mL。对新西兰大白兔细菌肿包治疗显示,包裹后的葡萄糖氧化酶较包裹前有较好的稳定性和抑菌效果,可作为新型抗菌制剂。     

犬肥大细胞瘤的诊治

对临床接诊的1例犬体表肿物进行诊断,采用临床检查、血液常规检查、血液生化检查、组织细胞学检查、影像学检查等方法进行诊断,结果为犬肥大细胞瘤,术后患犬痊愈.该病例可为犬肥大细胞瘤的临床诊断和治疗提供参考.     

坝上农牧交错区一年生饲草与主要农作物水分利用效率比较研究

为探究河北坝上地区饲草与作物对水资源的利用程度,本研究在河北省察北管理区种植3种一年生饲草(燕麦Avena sativa L.、箭筈豌豆Vicia sativa L.、玉米Zea mays L.)和4种主要农作物(莜麦Avena chinensis Metzg.、小麦Triticum aestivum L.、胡麻Linum usitatissimum L.、马铃薯Solanum tuberosum L.),通过种植试验比较一年生饲草和农作物水资源利用效率的差异,得出以下结论：一年生饲草产量高于农作物,其平均水分利用率(52.93%)比农作物水分利用率(36.33%)高出16.60%,玉米产量(63.92 t·hm^-2)最高,水分利用率最高(141.80%),马铃薯(19.53%)水分利用率最低;一年生饲草水分利用率由植株磷含量、植株钾含量、温度、细胞间CO₂浓度、鲜干比共同解释;农作物水分利用率由茎叶比、植物氮含量和细胞间CO₂浓度共同解释。     

种牛精液冷冻和保存效果研究进展

随着养牛业的高速发展,牛精液液体保存技术的研究也在逐步深入。人工授精技术降低了养殖成本,加速了肉牛的繁殖改良,同时还促进了育种工作的进程,合理有效的使用人工授精技术能够提高牛的饲养效益。与此同时,优良的种牛精液品质也是改良的关键,有实验结果表明：遗传、气候环境、饲养管理等因素会影响牛的精液品质[1],同时强制运动也是决定种牛精液品质的关键环节[2]。合理的精液冷冻与保存不仅能发挥优良的精液品质,同时也为人工授精技术的发展提供保障。本文从牛精液新型冷冻保护剂和损伤修复、牛精液冷冻保存添加剂、牛冷冻精在人工受精中的应用、冷冻保存的发展前景等方面总结了我国牛精液冷冻保存技术的研究和发展,以期对今后种牛精液冷冻和保存技术发展有所帮助、提供参考。     

Marc145细胞源EDC3基因的克隆及其生物信息学分析

为获得Marc145细胞源EDC3基因序列,分析其序列特征及编码蛋白的结构和功能,本试验采用RT-PCR方法从Marc145细胞中扩增EDC3基因,并进行克隆和序列测定;应用DNAStar软件分析该基因的核苷酸和氨基酸序列,与参考序列经BLAST比对后分析同源性,并构建系统进化树;利用生物信息学方法对其编码区蛋白进行二级结构、三级结构、B细胞表位、跨膜结构域和信号肽预测。结果显示,Marc145细胞源EDC3基因长度为1 527 bp,共编码507个氨基酸;EDC3基因编码区核苷酸序列与绿猴、猕猴、狒狒、人、倭黑猩猩、马、野猪、虎鲸、绵羊、非洲象和大熊猫的同源性在91.5%~99.2%之间,与非哺乳动物原鸡同源性最低,仅为81.2%;EDC3氨基酸序列与上述物种的同源性在95.3%~99.6%之间,与原鸡的同源性仅为88.8%。系统进化树结果显示,Marc145细胞源EDC3基因与绿猴的亲缘关系最近,其次是灵长类。蛋白结构预测结果表明,EDC3蛋白主要由α-螺旋和无规则卷曲组成,分别为23.38%和47.35%,二级结构与三级结构预测结果相符。该蛋白存在多个B细胞优势抗原表位,无跨膜结构域及信号肽区域。本试验结果可为Marc145细胞源EDC3基因功能的进一步研究提供参考。     

原代大鼠肝细胞分离培养方法改良

改进传统的两步原位胶原酶灌流法,调整灌流液及灌流条件,梯度离心纯化肝细胞.结果表明,分离出的大鼠肝细胞产量、纯度、活力均较高.该方法为一高效实用的原代大鼠肝细胞分离技术.     

牦牛及杂种后代犏牛的TSPY基因克隆分析

克隆测序了牦牛、犏牛TSPY基因的编码区全序列,并用生物信息学软件分析了该基因的编码区序列、蛋白结构和进化关系.结果表明,牦牛和犏牛TSPY基因编码区序列长度均为954 bp,编码317个氨基酸,牦牛与普通牛TSPY基因序列的一致性分别为98.95％,犏牛与牦牛、普通牛TSPY基因序列的一致性分别为98.95％、99.79％,杂交后代犏牛与亲本序列差异表现在第113位核酸位点发生了改变(T→T→C),导致第38位氨基酸发生变化(V→V→A).牦牛和犏牛TSPY蛋白含有TSPY家族典型的SET/NAP保守结构域,与人、鼠TSPY蛋白结构域一致,推测牦牛和犏牛TSPY蛋白在雄性减数分裂过程中参与了精原细胞和初级精母细胞的调节.     

The Effect of Training on Yili Horse 1 600 m Test Results and Heart Rate Variability

【Objective】 The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of different training stages on the performance and heart rate variability(HRV) of Yili horses and to provide data for reference in the conditioning training of 1 600 m distance Yili horses.【Method】 Eight 3-year-old Yili horses (stallions) were selected as test subjects.A 3-month speed specific performance training program was conducted, and a speed test race was organized in the last week of each month of training, and HRV was collected before, immediately after, 0.5 h after, and 1 h after 1 600 m test race.Among them, the time-domain indexes included the mean of all R-R intervals (Mean RR), the standard deviation of all R-R intervals (SDNN), the mean heart rate (Mean HR), the root mean square of the difference between adjacent R-R intervals (RMSSD), the number of adjacent R-R intervals with a difference greater than 50 ms (NN50), and the percentage of adjacent R-R intervals with a difference greater than 50 ms to the total number of heartbeats (pNN50).Frequency domain metrics included very low frequency (VLF), low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF) and nonlinear metrics:standard deviation (Y) of all R-R-spacing (SD1), standard deviation (X) of all R-R-spacing (SD2).Consequently, the variability of HRV indexes in horses at different training stages was analyzed.【Result】 The race time in the post training period in 1 600 m speed test race of Yili horses was significantly lower than that in the early training period (P<0.05), and Mean RR, NN50 and pNN50 in the middle and post training periods were significantly lower than that in the early training period (P<0.05).Mean HR in the beginning of training was significantly lower than that in post training (P<0.05).VLF and LF in the end of training were significantly lower than that in the beginning of training (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this test, the HRV indexes of 1 600 m test race of Yili horses in different conditioning training stages were analyzed.The outcomes demonstrated that the types of neural activity in Yili horses at the beginning, middle and end of training presented some differences, showing changes of increased sympathetic excitability and decreased parasympathetic excitability, and the horses' athletic performance improved.Therefore, HRV could be considered as an effective tool to evaluate the training load and intensity of Yili horses during training.     

猪α-干扰素表达系统及其应用的研究进展

就猪α-干扰素的分子特征、生物学特性、表达系统和猪基因工程α-干扰素的应用进行综述,以期为猪α-干扰素在广谱抗病毒活性、抗肿瘤以及免疫调节的临床应用提供参考。