城市垃圾处理技术应用探讨

对我国城市垃圾的处理方式卫生填埋、焚烧,特别是堆肥方法进行了分析,结论是按照城市垃圾处理工程的三个原则,堆肥法无疑是一种最有效的处理城市垃圾的方法。     

花生旋挖机概念设计

分析了我国目前花生收获机械的优缺点,对其存在的原理性缺陷提出了改进措施.挖掘前进行割蔓处理,用旋挖铲代替传统的牵引式挖掘铲,辅之以红外线花生稞识别技术,可降低挖掘功耗,提高挖掘后的花生果筛分效果;同时,结合花生的物性特征对旋挖部件的运动学参数进行了详细地理论分析,并给出了理想旋挖机的作业方式及功能模块图,为改善目前花生挖掘机械的挖掘效果提供了全新的设计思路.     

残膜回收工艺和收膜机构

介绍了田间残膜的特性及机械化收膜工艺、残膜同收机中常用收膜机构的种类及工作特性，为残膜回收机的研究设计及主要工作部件结构的优化组合提供参考。     

基于模糊逻辑控制的温室温度控制技术的研究

目前对温室环境控制很难建立一个精确的数学模型，而且温室需要控制的环境因子有很多，采用传统的控制方法很难达到理想的控制效果。本文介绍了以温度作为优先控制的环境因子，采用模糊逻辑控制方法，对温室温度进行调控。     

探讨集中式排种器的排种机理及其发展

目前传统排种器多属于“一器单行”型式。机械式对种子尺寸要求严格、破碎率高;气力式能耗大、结构复杂、使用要求高。而集中式排种器(或系统)是对“一器单行”技术的突破,满足精密播种的要求。主要论述了国内外集中式排种器的工作原理、发展概况及其存在的问题。     

Effects of arrangement of surge-rootirrigation emitters on growth,yield andwater use efficiency of apple trees

Six-year old apple trees were selected for field experiment. The objective of this study was to obtain the reasonable arrangement of surge-root irrigation emitters in apple orchards. There were three factors: the buried depth H( 25,40,55 cm),the horizontal distance L( 30,40,60 cm) between the emitters and the trunk of the experimental tree,and the number of the irrigation emitters N( 1,2,4). The effect of the arrangement of surge-root irrigation emitters on the growth,yield and irrigation water use efficiency( IWUE) of apple trees were studied in Northern Shaanxi where the irrigation quota takes 60%-75% of the field water capacity. The results showed that the arrangement of emitters for surge-root irrigation had a significant effect on apple tree yield and IWUE,especially,the yield and IWUE reached 28 388. 17 kg/hm2 and 16. 83 kg/m3 in treatment T3,respectively. At the same L and N levels( T1,T2,and T3),the yield and IWUE in treatment T3 were the highest,and the yields in treatments T1 and T2 were decreased by 26.22% and 31.48%,while IWUE is reduced by14.02% and 18.12% compared with T3,respectively. At the same H and N levels( T3,T4,and T5),the yield and IWUE of apple trees were decreased with increasing L level. Especially,when L was 30 cm( T3),the yield and IWUE were the highest. The same L and H levels( T3,T6,and T7) could promote the growth of apple trees when N was 2( T3). Compared with treatment T3,it was found that the increment of new shoots was decreased by 8.07%-18.71%,and the fruit diameter was decreased by 5.41%-9.11%. Therefore,two emitters should be arranged symmetrically on both sides of an apple tree,each was buried at a 40 cm depth and 30 cm away from the trunk of the tree to effectively improve the yield and IWUE of the apple tree in mountainous areas in Northern Shaanxi.     

水产品收购价格预测的时序组合模型研究

我国水产品市场已经出现了区域性、结构性的供大于求及价格持续下降的现象。为此，对水产品价格进行预测是必要的。以1978～1999年数据为样本，利用时序组合模型对2000年的水产品收购价格进行了预测研究。     

车架刚度及强度的有限元分析

运用有限元分析的方法,采用合理的模型简化方法及一种新型的连接模拟方式,对某型车车架建立了基于ANSYS的有限元模型。对车架依据法规要求在各种工况下进行了静力学分析,以保证车架具有足够的刚度和强度,并对薄弱部位提出了合理的改进意见,为后续结构的改进和优化提供了理论依据。     

拖拉机带辅助油缸的悬挂机构速度分析

运用解析法对带有辅助油缸装置的整体式拖拉机悬挂机构进行提升速度分析,推导主油缸与辅助油缸的同步速比的数学模型,从而应用计算机编程优化悬挂机构的结构参数和工作参数。     

冀、鲁、豫、苏、皖五省农机夏收跨区作业调研报告

农机跨区作业是我国农民自发进行的又一项伟大的制度创新,为促进我国农业机械化发展做出了重要的贡献.为此,采用问卷调查法、文献资料法和数理统计法,对冀、鲁、豫、苏、皖等省505户参与跨区作业的农机大户进行了问卷调查.以问卷数据为基础,分析了农机大户的自身特征和经营状况,并总结了影响跨农机大户参与跨区作业的主要因素,最后提出了相应的对策建议.