我国番鸭呼肠孤病毒病的研究现状

番鸭呼肠孤病毒病是我国近年来新出现的、以软脚为特征的高发病率、高致死率急性烈性病毒性传染病,由于肝脏表面的灰白点较为典型,因此俗称“花肝病”或“白点病”。初步认为其病原为呼肠孤病毒科正呼肠孤病毒属番鸭呼肠孤病毒。本文综合了国内近年来对该病的研究成果,从病原学、流行病学、临诊症状、病理学、区别诊断和防制措施等方面对该病进行了较全面的论述,以期对该病的深入研究和防制提供有益的资料。     

反刍动物瘤胃酸中毒发病机制及其研究进展

急性和慢性瘤胃酸中毒是限制反刍动物高精料饲养的关健问题,给反刍动物养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失。本文从瘤胃微生物的角度阐述了防治酸中毒的最新研究进展,包括2个方面,一方面促进乳酸的利用,如添加电子受体、乳酸利用菌以及酵母和曲霉等真菌;另一方面减少乳酸的产生,如给反刍动物接种牛链球菌和乳酸菌疫苗。通过调控乳酸利用菌群和乳酸产生菌群之间的平衡,控制乳酸的利用和产生,从而阻止瘤胃酸中毒的发生,从根本上解决问题。     

饲料中添加柑桔皮粉和有机稀土复合饲料添加剂对黄杂肉用仔鸡生产性能的影响

将32日龄黄杂肉用仔鸡120只随机分成2组,每组60只,第一组为对照组,仅饲喂基础日粮,第二组饲喂在基础日粮中添加2％的柑桔皮粉 0．5％的730有机稀土复合饲料添加剂的日粮,试验进行35d,结果表明,试验组的增重比对照组高17．07％,料重比比对照组降低16．86％,饲料转化率比对照组提高20．27％,经济效益比对照组高40．14％。     

不同温度处理对臂形草种子发芽速率的影响

通过不同温度处理5个不同品种的臂形草种子,初步得知,采用80℃水浸种4 min,刚果臂形草种子的发芽速率最快,7 d发芽势达39.25%,发芽率达57.25%,发芽指数达7.48;采用60℃水浸泡种子14 h后,珊状臂形草种子的发芽速率最快,发芽势为13.25%、发芽率为23.25%,发芽指数为2.60.其他3个品种效果不明显,三项指标均较低,有待采用其他方法处理种子.     

乳酸菌与中药合生元对肉鸡生长性能及饲料利用率的影响

本试验分别向肉仔鸡日粮中添加等量的抗生素和乳酸菌与中药合生元制剂,通过测定肉仔鸡的各项生长指标和饲料利用率指标,探讨乳酸菌与中药合生元在肉鸡生长和饲料利用率方面替代抗生素的优势.结果表明,试验组与对照组在生长性能和饲料利用率上各指标均差异不显著（P〉0.05）,说明乳酸菌与中药合生元可以替代抗生素饲喂给肉仔鸡.     

论股权分置改革中的分类表决制度

分类表决制度是我国证券市场的一大制度革新。随着我国股权分置改革的全面推进，分类表决制度也发挥着越来越重要的作用，它赋予流通股股东更多自我保护的权益，对股权分置改革起到有力的推动作用；同时，它也存在着不容忽视的局限性。文中通过具体分析，提出一些建议以供参考。     

Genetic diversity decreases as population density declines: Implications of temporal variation in mitochondrial haplotype frequencies in a natural population of Tscherskia triton

Although the spatial genetic differentiation that occurs in animal populations has been extensively studied, information on temporal variations in genetic structure and diversity is still lacking, especially for animals with oscillating populations. In the present study, we used the mtDNA D‐loop sequence to assess the temporal genetic variation in samples from six successive years for the greater long‐tailed hamster, Tscherskia triton. Sampling was carried out between 1998 and 2003 in cropland on the North China Plain, China. A total of 108 individuals were analyzed. The temporal samples showed a high level of genetic diversity. Substantial genetic changes in haplotype frequencies over time were detected for the hamster population. Random genetic drift and migration are likely to be the major factors responsible for the observed temporal pattern. The genetic diversity of the hamster population was higher in years with higher population density, and lower in years with lower population density. The result supports our hypothesis that genetic diversity decreases when population density declines in animals whose population oscillates greatly between years. The combined effects of inbreeding and genetic drift caused by reproduction, dispersal and population size might play important roles in the observed changes in genetic structure and diversity between years.     

呼伦贝尔黄花苜蓿区域试验研究

对呼伦贝尔黄花苜蓿进行区域试验研究结果表明：呼伦贝尔黄花苜蓿在各试验点种植均表现出较强的适应性，鲜草和千草产量与对照品种肇东苜蓿接近，3个试验点3年平均鲜草产量为33865．6kg/hm^2，干草产量为9146．2kg/hm^2，分别比对照的肇东苜蓿低0．6％和3．2％。方差分析表明二者无显著差异，具有良好的丰产性和持久性，对呼伦贝尔高寒地区严酷的自然条件具有很强的适应性，适宜在我国北方高寒地区大面积推广种植。     

浅谈猪的健康养殖

随着我国养猪业的快速发展,猪病的发生率不断上升,对环境的污染不断严重,猪肉产品的质量也在不同程度上存在一些问题,影响了养猪业的可持续发展和人的健康。为实现养猪业安全、优质、高效和无公害生产,必须实施猪的健康养殖。本文提出了实现猪健康养殖的对策。     

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN RETRACTED Exergy as an ecological application used in the recovery process of benthic communities

Exergy, the thermodynamic function that represents the distance of an open system from equilibrium, is proposed as an ecological indicator for summarizing the complex dynamics occurring in a disturbed community during its recovery processes. These complex dynamics can be difficult to capture by using classical indices. In this study, we sampled macrobenthos using the BACI scheme (before versus after; control versus impact) in tidal wetlands of west Chongming Island, China, an area that has been disturbed by ecological engineering measures. Exergy storage is estimated for benthic communities. The control area is proposed as dynamic reference for estimating local exergy storage of the benthic community. Three different methods were used for estimating exergy on the basis of coefficients: (a) taken for taxa groups; (b) estimated from coding genes given for broad taxonomic groups; and (c) estimated from genome size taken as close as possible to the taxonomic level of the species, providing a basis for inferring similarities. We found a decrease of local exergy content in the disturbed area 9 days after the disturbance. Subsequently, the reference exergy of the benthic community increased (i.e. in the surrounding control area) in accordance with the proposed hypothesis regarding the dynamics of exergy storage during a system's development. Estimates of local exergy arrived at using the three methods provided comparable results. Based on this, we then discuss the feasibility of using the more readily available genome size data for estimating exergy. This result may have important implications for broader application of this indicator to biological systems. Moreover, the adjacent control samples seem to represent an appropriate dynamic reference for estimating the local exergy of disturbed communities. We found that exergy was a useful indicator that integrates the processes underlying the recovery of the benthic community after disturbance.