Cu2+和Cd2+对斑节对虾幼虾的毒性作用

研究了Cu^2 和Cd^2 对斑节对虾幼虾 的急性和亚急性毒性作用，获得了Cu^2 和Cd^2 的半致死浓度、安全浓度和累积量。     

低温放热法研究8 个葡萄砧木和6 个栽培品种芽的抗寒性

 采用差热分析系统（Differential Thermal Analysis,DTA）对不同葡萄砧木和栽培品种进行低 温放热分析（Low temperature exotherms analysis,LTE）,建立各品种芽的温度-伤害度LT–I（Lethal Temperature–Injury）回归直线。回归方程斜率（lethal temperature coefficient,Qlt）代表温度每降低1 ℃ 芽增加的伤害程度,反应不同品种对降温的敏感性。利用隶属函数度法对LT20 ~ LT80 进行排序,发现赤 霞珠芽抗寒性最差,摩尔多瓦次之,威代尔、香赛罗、110R、3309C、140Ru、北醇、1103P 和101-14 Mgt 抗寒性强,Frontenac、贝达、5BB 和SO4 抗寒性最强;深休眠后的葡萄芽抗寒性增强,1 月中旬芽的抗 寒性明显强于11 月末的芽。     

Expression of TMEM16A as a calcium-activated chloride channel in Fischer rat thyroid follicular epithelial cells and its electrophysiologic pro-perties

AIM：To investigate the expression of transmembrane protein 16A(TMEM16A) in Fischer rat thyroid follicular epithelial (FRT) cells and its electrophysiologic properties. METHODS：The eukaryotic expression vector of pUB6/V5-TMEM16A was constructed and transfected into FRT cells by liposome-mediated transfection. In order to obtain the high efficiency of gene transfection and expression, the quantity and ratio of lipid/DNA complexes were optimized. The FRT cells stably expressing TMEM16A were gained by the selection with blasticidin and confirmed by the techniques of RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. The expression and location of TMEM16A in the FRT cells were observed under an inverted fluorescence microscope. TMEM16A protein was associated with calcium-dependent chloride current, as measured with halide-sensitive fluorescent protein and patch-clamp technique. RESULTS：The results of double digestion and sequencing indicated that TMEM16A was cloned into pUB6/V5. The results of RT-PCR and immunofluorescence confirmed that TMEM16A was expressed in the FRT cells after transfection with TMEM16A. The classical calcium-activated chloride channel currents were recorded in the FRT cells stably expressing TMEM16A by the technique of patch-clamp and halide-sensitive fluorescent protein YFP-H148Q/I152L. CONCLUSION：The protein expression of TMEM16A in the FRT cells was observed. TMEM16A is the molecular identity of calcium-activated chloride channels.     

还田时期对绿肥用油菜腐解与养分释放规律的影响

探讨绿肥用油菜还田时期对干物质腐解与养分释放规律的影响,以期为华北地区油菜用作绿肥及后茬作物减氮增效提供理论依据。采用尼龙网袋埋田法研究了绿肥油菜初花期(G1)、盛花期(G2)和角果成熟期(G3)还田的干物质腐解与养分释放规律。结果表明,G1 处理油菜还田干物质量比G2 和G3 处理显著减少45.43% 和46.87%;G1 和G2 处理还田时碳含量低于G3 处理,G1 处理氮和磷含量最高,分别为28.17 和5.21 g/kg,钾含量表现为G1>G2>G3,G1 与G3 处理差异显著。绿肥油菜还田后分快速、中速和慢速腐解3 个阶段,持续期分别为还田后0 ～ 17、18 ～ 45 和46 ～ 123 d,阶段内累积腐解率分别达44.27% ～ 66.87%、12.56% ～ 29.18% 和4.49% ～ 13.81%,最终累积腐解率达60.53% ～ 91.87%;G1 和G2 处理间腐解率无显著差异,但显著高于G3 处理。绿肥油菜还田后碳、氮、磷和钾释放率与腐解率对应亦表现为前期快速释放、中期缓慢释放、后期趋于平稳的规律,且养分累积释放率均表现为钾> 碳> 氮> 磷。经腐解,G1 处理碳、氮、磷和钾累积释放率分别为94.70%、92.97%、88.76% 和93.26%,G2 处理分别为84.25%、86.32%、86.51% 和92.52%,G3 处理分别为72.52%、59.97%、68.54%和87.67%;G2 处理氮、磷和钾释放量最高,分别为125.15、22.88 和50.42 kg/hm²,且G2 处理氮、磷释放量显著高于G1 和G3 处理,G2 处理的钾释放量与G3 处理无明显差异。综上所述,华北地区绿肥油菜在盛花期还田干物质量大且氮、磷、钾释放量最高,是最适宜的还田时期,可为下茬作物减施化肥提供技术支撑与理论依据。     

ISSR-Based Molecular Characterization of an Elite Germplasm Collection of Sweet Potato （Ipomoea batatas L.） in China

To determine the genetic diversity and population structure of sweet potato accessions cultivated in China, and to establish the genetic relationships among their germplasm types, a representative collection of 240 accessions was analyzed using inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. The mean genetic similarity coefifcient, Nei’s gene diversity, and shared allele distance of tested sweet potato accessions were 0.7302, 0.3167 and 0.2698, respectively. The 240 accessions could be divided into six subgroups and ifve subpopulations based on neighbor-joining （NJ） clustering and STRUCTURE results, and obvious genetic relationships among the tested sweet potato accessions were identiifed. The marker-based NJ clustering and population structure showed no distinct assignment pattern corresponding to lfesh color or geographical ecotype of the tested sweet potato germplasm. Analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） revealed small but signiifcant difference between white and orange-lfeshed sweet potato accessions. Small but signiifcant difference were also observed among sweet potato accessions from the Southern summer-autumn sweet potato region, the Yellow River Basin spring and summer sweet potato region and the Yangtze River Basin summer sweet potato region. This study demonstrates that genetic diversity in the tested sweet potato germplasm collection in China is lower than that in some reported sweet potato germplasm collections from other regions. Pedigree investigations suggest that more diverse Chinese sweet potato varieties should be formed by broadening the selection scope of breeding parents and incorporating the introduced varieties into future breeding programs.     

辽宁常用玉米品种对大斑病的抗性鉴定

2012~2013年,应用田间人工接种的方法对目前辽宁省玉米生产中应用的55份玉米品种进行抗大斑病[Exserohilum turcicum(Pass.)Leonard et Suggs]鉴定与评价,筛选出对大斑病表现1级高抗(HR)的品种4份、3级抗病(R)的品种9份和5级中抗的品种16份。试验结果表明:辽宁省玉米生产上应用的玉米品种中,表现为中等抗病或感病品种占大多数,表现高抗的玉米品种较少。     

基质配比、有机肥添加比例和营养钵体积对红香芋幼苗生长及球茎产量的影响

为了完善红香芋育苗技术体系,培育健壮幼苗,研究了基质配比、有机肥添加比例、营养钵体积等育苗关键因素对红香芋幼苗生长及球茎产量的影响。试验以地方品种"建昌红香芋"为材料,采用5种基质配比、3种商品有机肥添加比例以及4种营养钵体积进行试验处理,以幼苗生长状态及定植后芋球茎产量为评价指标。结果表明,草炭和蛭石按1∶1(体积比)比例混合的复合基质,因其持水孔隙比例高,保水性最好,所培育的幼苗株高、植株干重及根系活力均显著高于其它基质配比;随着复合基质中有机肥添加比例的增加,红香芋出苗速度减慢,基质中添加5%的有机肥(体积比)可提高幼苗的根系活力,增加叶面积及生物量积累。随着育苗营养钵体积增大,幼苗的株高、叶面积、根系活力及植株干物质积累均增加。幼苗移栽后的球茎产量测定表明,幼苗越健壮,获得的产量越高。上述结果说明,采用草炭和蛭石按1∶1(体积比)的比例配制的复合基质、基质中添加5%的有机肥(体积比)、体积为1500 cm3的营养钵(直径×高为12 cm×13 cm)育苗,红香芋幼苗生长健壮,移栽后芋球茎产量高,可在芋头育苗栽培中应用。     

内蒙古库都尔林业局森林资源变化分析

文章通过对库都尔林业局资源变化分析,对林业局未来生产经营提出可行性建议。