基于EAHP的农机供应链服务质量评价应用

为提高农机供应链服务水平,针对以制造企业为核心的农机供应链,从组织形态模型、服务业务、价值增值和其他方面四个角度建立农机供应链服务质量评价体系。建立指标数据的可拓物元模型,通过可拓层次分析法,定性定量的表达出农机供应链服务质量的等级及其在该等级范围中的水平,并结合具体案例进行评价。结果表明,该农机供应链的服务质量为优等级,关联度达到0.0727,与供应链实际运作情况一致。     

The effects of dietary fermented wheat bran polysaccharides on mucosal and serum immune parameters,hepatopancreas antioxidant indicators,and immune-related gene expression of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles

Aquaculture research has focused on polysaccharides as they are among the most promising new-generation immunostimulant used to control aquatic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of fermented wheat bran polysaccharides (FWBPs) on juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Carps were fed different FWBP amounts (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%) for 8 weeks and then their skin mucus and serum immune parameters, hepatopancreas antioxidant indicators, and immune-related gene expression in the intestines, kidneys, and spleen were measured. The skin mucus IgM levels significantly increased in 0.1% FWBP group, but decreased in 0.4% FWBP group. The skin mucus protease and the serum alkaline phosphatase activities increased significantly in the 0.2%, 0.1%, and 0.4% FWBP groups, respectively. The serum total Ig levels increased noticeably in the 0.1% and 0.2% FWBP groups. The highest and lowest serum lysozyme activities were observed in the 0.1% and 0.4% FWBP groups, respectively. The hepatopancreatic total superoxide dismutase activity was higher in the 0.1% FWBP group than in the control. The malondialdehyde levels decreased significantly in the 0.2% and 0.4% groups. The intestinal mRNA levels of the LZM-C and IL-10 genes were significantly higher in the 0.2% than in the 0.4% FWBP group; TNF-α was significantly upregulated in the 0.1% group. The gene expression in the kidneys did not differ significantly among the treatments, except for a significant increase in the IL-10 expression in the 0.1% treatment. Significantly elevated expression of LZM-C in 0.2% group and IL-10 in 0.1% group was observed in the spleens. TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly downregulated in the 0.4% group. These results suggest that FWBPs could be used as immunostimulant feed additives in common carp cultures.

     

Nutrient Accumulation and Distribution in Cotton Promoted by Removal of Mulch Film

Plastic film mulching affects changes in nutrient contents in soil and absorption and utilization of nutrients in plants were by changing hydrothermal condition...     

巨菌草饲粮对七彩山鸡生长性能、血清抗氧化能力和肠道菌群的影响

试验旨在研究巨菌草饲粮对七彩山鸡生长性能、血清抗氧化性能和肠道有害菌群数量影响.选取2周龄(初始体重104.59±3.82)g的七彩山鸡300只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只,试验期112 d.对照组为Ⅰ组,饲喂不添加巨菌草的基础饲粮,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组为试验组,分别在基础饲粮上添加4％、8％、12％...     

桑园套种油冬菜栽培技术

阐述了桑园套种油冬菜栽培的意义及桑圈套种油冬菜栽培生产的关键技术,以为种植户提供参考。     

Up-regulated expression of PD-1 and its ligands during acute Classical Swine Fever virus infection in swine

In order to investigate the relationship between the PD-1 pathway and impairment of immune responses with the CSFV infection, the mRNA expression of PD-1 and its ligands were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) during artificial CSFV infection. Simultaneously, expression of IL-2 and IL-10 mRNA were detected. The T cell proliferation and CSFV load in plasma were also measured. Results showed that the expression of PD-1 and its ligands mRNA were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in PBMC from 3 to 7 days post infection (dpi). Meanwhile the level of IL-10 was up-regulated (p < 0.01). The IL-2 mRNA was not obviously changed but it is significantly increased from 14 dpi. The T cell proliferation was notably decreased at 7 dpi. The CSFV load was also increased in plasma. Overall, our results suggest that the expression of PD-1 and its ligands were up-regulated and probably correlated with immune inhibition during acute CSFV infection.     

The siderophore-interacting protein is involved in iron acquisition and virulence of Riemerella anatipestifer strain CH3

Riemerella anatipestifer causes epizootic infectious disease in poultry and serious economic losses especially to the duck industry. However, little is known regarding the molecular basis of its pathogenesis. The ability to acquire iron under low-iron conditions is related to the virulence of a variety of bacterial pathogens. In this study, a sip (Riean_1281) deletion mutant CH3Δsip was constructed and characterized for iron-limited growth, biofilm formation, and pathogenicity to ducklings. Results showed that siderophore-interacting protein (SIP) was involved in iron utilization and the sip deletion significantly reduced biofilm formation and adherence to and invasion of Vero cells. In addition, the sip gene was absent in 1 of 24 (4.17%) virulent strains and 2 of 3 (66.7%) avirulent strains of R. anatipestifer, and the sip gene from six R. anatipestifer strains, which belong to serotypes 1, 2, and 10, respectively, shared 100% amino acid identities to those of R. anatipestifer strains DSM15868 and RA-GD. These results suggested that siderophore-mediated iron acquisition may be an important iron-uptake pathway in R. anatipestifer. Animal experiments indicated that the median lethal dose of the CH3Δsip mutant in ducklings was about 35-fold higher than that of the wild-type CH3 strain. Thus, our results demonstrated that R. anatipestifer SIP was involved in iron acquisition and necessary for its optimal virulence.     

消费者对于餐饮业食品安全的态度和感知——以北京城市居民为例

以北京部分城市居民为例,对消费者对餐饮业的食品安全问题的关注进行调查,结果表明,多数消费者关注餐饮食品安全问题,其主要关心的食品安全问题有1)不新鲜的菜品原材料;2)就餐环境的不良卫生状况;3)食品添加剂的滥用;4)菜品制作过程中的不卫生环境及操作5)操作人员的卫生健康问题。同时,消费者认为导致餐饮食品安全问题发生的主要原因是餐饮经营者注重自己的利益从而忽视了消费者的利益;消费者对食品原材料及菜品成品质量的鉴别能力不高;相关部门执法力度不够等。因此,政府和有关部加强执法力度及监督检查,媒体充分发挥监督作用,同时企业能够倡导诚信经营,加强行业自律是解决餐饮业食品安全问题的有利举措。同时,提高消费者自身对食品安全的认知能力和增强维权意识也是控制餐饮安全的一项措施。     

干法消解——等离子光谱法同时测定大米中的铜和镉

采用干灰化消解技术处理样品,用等离子光谱法（ICP—AES法）同时测定了大米中的铜和镉。实验结果表明：该法测定大米中的铜和镉与用国家标准方法测定结果基本一致,且该方法具有简便、快速、结果准确可靠的优点。     

铅蓄电池行业含铅废水深度处理技术进展与趋势

对铅酸电池含铅废水的来源,危害及深度处理技术及其各自的优缺点进行了综述,深入介绍了国内外膜技术的发展历史,详细探讨了反渗透膜技术的发展及应用前景。