抗菌素在犬病治疗过程中的合理应用

在各类细菌感染性犬病的治疗过程中,抗菌素是临床上最为广泛应用的药物之一,它在抗菌消炎、控制感染、促进康复方面发挥着重要作用.合理的抗菌素治疗,应根据犬病和个体的差异而选择不同抗菌素,从而达到有效的抑制或杀灭特异的病原体,并避免出现耐药性及药物副作用,使病犬治愈康复.     

鸡球虫耐药性的机理检测方法及其延缓措施

文章对鸡球虫耐药性的产生机制、检测方法及其延缓措施的研究进展进行了概述。     

生物纤维饲料在蛋鸡生产中的应用研究

生物纤维饲料是对玉米淀粉湿磨国工过程中的浸泡液，黄浆和玉米皮渣等副产品经生物发酵方法而形成的一种新型饲料。本文研究了生物纤维饲料在蛋鸡饲养中的饲喂效果。试验表明，半风干生物纤维饲料（含水分26．68％）以5％比例添加蛋鸡日粮中的饲喂效果与对照组相比，日均产蛋量提高6．4％，平均产蛋率提高6．05％，料蛋比下降13．01％，毛利润提高90．70％，而风干生物纤维饲料（含水分15．44％），则以10％比添加于蛋鸡日粮时，表现出较明显的增产效果，其与对照组相比，日均产蛋量提高4．04％，平均产蛋率提高4．18％，料蛋比下降4．09％，毛利润提高25．74％。     

利用风险分析原理完善动物源性食品安全标准体系

近年来，一些危害人类生命健康的重大动物源性食品安全事件不断发生，如发生在比利时的二恶英事件，英国的疯牛病事件，日本的大肠杆菌0157污染事件以及禽流感疫情等。食品安全已成为一个日益引起关注的全球性热点问题。建立以风险分析为基础的标准体系，推行动物源性食品安全科学的管理模式。     

浅谈精细化管理在动物卫生检疫证照管理中的应用

检疫合格证明是动物产品溯源的重要途径,检疫证明的管理是否规范关系到动物卫生监督职能发挥的有效性。本文从检疫证照管理的具体实践中探讨引进精细化管理理念的优势,从而证明在精细化管理过程中,从"精细思维"的养成到"索证、验证、上缴核销"流程中的精细化操作,有效促进检疫证照管理的规范化、精细化,切实提高整个证照管理的科学性。     

Calcium homeostasis and its relationship to superoxide production in blood and milk neutrophils of lactating goats

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), which comprise over 70% of the somatic cells in goat milk, are a major cellular component of innate immunity in the goat mammary gland. However, the function of milk PMNs is modified after diapedesis compared to PMNs in blood. As many aspects of PMN activity depend directly on intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration ((Ca²⁺)_i), the present study aimed to determine the changes in Ca²⁺ homeostasis of milk PMNs from lactating goats compared to autologous blood PMNs, and to examine the significance of these variations to the immuno-competency of milk PMNs. The intracellular Ca²⁺ store of freshly prepared milk cells was estimated from the elevation of (Ca²⁺)_i after ionomycin treatment, which was found to be significantly less than blood PMNs. Replenishment of the intracellular Ca²⁺ store in milk cells after intracellular Ca²⁺ depletion by Bapta-AM followed by spiking with 2.5 mM Ca²⁺ for 20 min was also compared to that of blood PMNs, showing that after depletion/spiking the intracellular Ca²⁺ store in milk cells was much less than blood PMNs. The production of superoxide anion (O₂^?) in vitro in response to (Ca²⁺)_i-dependent or (Ca²⁺)_i-independent modulators was used to evaluate the relevance of altered Ca²⁺ homeostasis on the immuno-competency of milk cells compared to blood PMNs. The results indicated that milk cells produced similarly low levels of O₂^? as blood PMNs when treated with ionomycin. However, the amount of O₂^? produced by milk cells in response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulation, although greater than ionomycin treatment, was significantly less than that of blood PMNs. The capacity for O₂^? production by both cell types in response to PMA reverted to the resting state with use of the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, staurosporine. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated an irreversible shortage of intracellular Ca²⁺ in the milk PMNs of lactating goats compared to blood PMNs. It also showed that preliminary O₂^–production, primed by ionomycin treatment, remained unchanged in milk PMNs, despite the shortage in intracellular Ca²⁺, but decreased O₂^? production capacity, mediated via the PKC pathway, in milk PMN. It is suggested that the defects in Ca²⁺ homeostasis in milk PMNs of lactating goats is partially attributable for the post-diapedesis functionality modifications.     

不同饲用燕麦品种生产性能的综合评价

基于熵权赋权法,运用灰色系统理论中的灰色关联度法对26个燕麦品种的生产性能进行综合评价,结果表明,生产性能综合表现较好的是初岛燕麦、青永久409、青永久709及青永久316;青永久18综合评价值最低,生产性能最差,其余品种生产性能表现一般。经逐步回归分析,发现其中的绿叶数、叶长、茎叶比、鲜干比、生长速度、叶面积指数、相对生长速率及生长天数8个指标对饲用燕麦生产性能贡献显著。     

寄生虫细胞因子免疫的研究进展（一）

寄生虫在入侵机体时必须具备逃避机体免疫,破坏宿主免疫屏障才能感染,这种入侵过程必然和宿主机体的免疫系统发生联系,不但使宿主的先天免疫细胞功能缺失,而且获得性免疫也受到抑制。寄生虫感染均不同程度地伴随免疫损伤,宿主在感染寄生虫后产生的免疫应答中,细胞因子作为免疫过程中的介质起到关键作用,主要是调节机体细胞免疫抗虫,保护机体不被感染,其中巨噬细胞是主要功能的承担者。本文将阐述细胞因子在寄生虫感染过程中所发挥的免疫作用,为解决寄生虫感染的防控问题奠定基础,同时为寄生虫的研究提供新的思路。     

糖原合成酶激酶3β对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞增殖及细胞周期的影响

本试验通过向纯化的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中添加不同浓度（0（对照组）、10、20、40 mmol/L）的糖原合成酶激酶3β（glycogen synthase kinase 3β,GSK3β）特异性蛋白抑制剂氯化锂（Licl）,作用细胞24 h,研究其对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞增殖及细胞周期的影响,并利用qRT-PCR和Western blotting分别检测不同浓度Licl对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中GSK3β、细胞周期蛋白D1（Cyclin D1） mRNA水平及GSK3β、磷酸化GSK3β （p-GSK3β）、Cyclin D1蛋白水平表达的影响。结果显示,Licl能促进奶牛乳腺上皮细胞的增殖活性,Licl抑制GSK3β后促进奶牛乳腺上皮细胞增殖的最佳浓度为20 mmol/L。与对照组相比,添加Licl后GSK3β蛋白表达受到抑制,p-GSK3β蛋白表达上调,同时提高了Cyclin D1蛋白表达。表明GSK3β对于奶牛乳腺上皮细胞增殖的能力是负调控因子,失活的GSK3β通过Cyclin D1途径促进细胞周期的进行。     

中西医结合治疗牛青杠叶中毒

牛青杠叶中毒是由于牛采食大量壳斗科栎属植物青杠树叶（特别是细嫩叶芽）,其有毒成分栎单宁及其降解产物吸收入血而引起的以便秘或下痢、水肿、胃肠炎及肾损伤为特征的中毒性疾病。多发于春季（特别是4月中下旬,青杠树发芽开花盛期）,尤其是春季干旱,牧草生长发芽迟缓年份,发病率较高。