辣木内生真菌产生抗菌物质的生物学特性研究

从辣木(Moringa sp.)中分离得到一株内生真菌(Aspergillus sp.),其发酵液对金黄色葡萄球菌和绿脓杆菌的生长有很强的抑制作用。曲霉ly14发酵液抑菌效果的最适碳源是麦芽糖,最适氮源是玉米浆,最适初始pH为5,最适装液量为50 mL和最适培养时间160 h,但生长因子(叶酸和VB12除外)和无机盐离子并不促进发酵夜得抑菌效果。     

可见分光光度法测定水华鱼腥藻

采用可见分光光度法测定水华鱼腥藻（Anabaena flos-aquae)藻液的吸光度A。这种方法与细菌计数法、叶绿素a含量测定法和荧光分光光度法相比较，即简便又准确，且可获得十分理想的线性相关性，其测得的A值可以作为水华鱼腥藻现存量的指标。     

The role of toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of Streptococcus suis

Streptococcus suis is an important agent of swine and human meningitis. Sequence type (ST) 7 emerged in China and was responsible for the human epidemic caused by S. suis in 2005. The virulence of S. suis ST7 is greater than the wild type pathogenic S. suis, ST1; however, the mechanisms for this increased pathogenicity are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the role of different toll-like receptors (TLRs) involved in regulating the host response to the S. suis infection and to speculate on differing mechanisms used by ST7 strains to induce disease. Here we compared two ST7 strains isolated in the 2005 Sichuan outbreak to two ST1 strains. Our data show TLR2, 6 and 9 are involved in the recognition of heat-killed S. suis independent of the ST type. We found the TLR-dependent cytokine production differed between the two types of strains using whole cell lysate proteins. TLR6 played a greater role in cytokine production induced by the whole cell lysate proteins from the ST7 strain than in that induced by the ST1 strain lysates. The data suggest that mechanisms of inflammation induced by S. suis strains differ where this will be useful in designing efficient strategies in combating streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome caused by the S. suis ST7 strains.     

微型摆式内燃发电机频率的计算与分析

针对所研制的微型摆式内燃发电机(MICSPG),阐述了各组成部分的工作过程及工作特点,建立了微型内燃发电系统的数学模型。在引入平均指示压力和线性气体弹簧分别对内燃机动力腔中由燃烧和最大预压缩压力而引起的气体压力进行线性化分析的基础上,得到了系统的传递函数,并据此研究和分析了微型摆式内燃机发电系统的稳定性和运动频率。研究结果为微型摆式内燃发电系统结构参数的确定和控制系统设计提供了有益的参考。     

辽东湾海蜇生长的研究

本文描述了辽东湾海蜇(Rhopilema esculenta Kishinouye)的生长特征。它与鱼虾类的生长特征不同，没有渐近值，到9月10日后个体收缩。我们用高次方程描绘了辽东湾海蜇的一般生长型。根据海蜇的一般生长型，研究了海蜇的生长速度。     

棉酚对鲤鱼急性中毒的研究

鲤鱼（体重约16克）腹腔注射乙酸棉酚0，7．3，54，100，200，400mg/kg体重，经四天（96小时）后，死亡率分别是0，0，20％，70％，90％，100％。96小时半数致死剂量是63．6mg/kg体重。注射剂量高于54mg/kg体重时，发生腹腔红肿、体壁溃烂，甚至死亡。实验结果说明虽然棉籽水平的棉酚不引起鲤鱼的任何可见的中毒症状，但是腹腔注射大剂量棉酚可引起与哺乳类相似的中毒症状。     

减氮条件下生物炭对烤烟根系发育及土壤微生物群落的影响

为探索减氮条件下生物炭对植烟土壤的烤烟根系生长及土壤微生物种群数量的影响,采用大田试验方式,研究减氮40％条件下添加不同用量的生物炭对旺长期烤烟根系形态指标、根系活力以及土壤微生物数量的影响.结果表明,减氮条件下施用生物炭料可有效增加烟株根系各形态指标,同时增强根系活力,并且对增加土壤酶菌和细菌数量有显著促进作用.相对...     

黄海北部中国对虾合理放流数量的讨论

在黄海北部放流虾的渔获量(y 百万尾)与放流数量(x 亿尾)之间有着统计学上可置信的关系,α=0.05,用 y=ax+bx~2描述,a=14.63,=0.45。最大放流量为16亿尾,最佳经济放流量为15亿尾(计数误差20%)。在目前条件下,我们认为控制放流量在11亿尾(计数准确率90%)是合理的。预测了前景,提出了可供选择的方案。     

Comparative study on dietary protein requirements for juvenile and pre‐adult gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio var. CAS III)

Two 8‐week growth trials were conducted in indoor recirculation system to evaluate the protein requirements for juvenile (3.70 ± 0.20 g) and pre‐adult (85.2 ± 0.70 g) gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio var. CAS III. Six isoenergetic diets were formulated for each trial using fish meal and casein as protein sources, and protein level was 250–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 1 and 200–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 2. With the increasing dietary protein, feeding rate (FR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Weight gain (WG) increased first and then reached a plateau in 330–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 1 (P > 0.05), while decreased after the maximum value in 350 g kg^?1 in Trial 2 (P < 0.05). Productive protein values (PPVs) were lower in 370–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 1 and 400–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 2 (P < 0.05). Increasing dietary protein level increased protein content and decreased lipid content in whole fish body and white muscle (P < 0.05). Apparent digestibility coefficient of dry matters (ADC_d) decreased, while apparent digestibility coefficient of protein (ADC_p) increased in 370–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 1 and 250–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 2 (P < 0.05). Trypsin activity significantly increased in 370–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 1 (P < 0.05) and was not affected in Trial 2 (P > 0.05). Hepatic alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities in both trials increased when dietary protein was above 400 g kg^?1 (P < 0.05). Based on quadratic regression of WG, it was estimated that dietary protein requirement for maximum growth was 414 g kg^?1 (digestible protein of 376 g kg^?1) and 365 g kg^?1 (digestible protein of 324 g kg^?1) for juvenile (3.70 g) and pre‐adult gibel carp (85.2 g).     

流动湿空气解冻装置设计

本文作者所设计的流动湿空气解冻装置采用双叶轮风机，工作时自动定时换向，并在解冻室两端设置可调式导风板的供风系统；以喷蒸汽加热、加湿，辅之以淋水和挡雾板的方法实现空气的调温、调湿和净化；装置的工况采用微机控制。按该方案制成的样机在生产中试用取得良好的效果。