虾塘水体中浮游植物群落特征及其与营养状况的关系

通过对虾养殖期间的连续监测结果;讨论和阐述了虾塘水体中浮游植物群落特征及其与营养状况的关系。虾塘中浮游植物在生态学上主要表现为群落构成简单、优势种单一且演替速度快,从而决定了该环境中浮游植物群落的不稳定性。无机氮营养盐（IN）是浮游植物繁殖生长的限制性因素,二者之间里较好的幂函数衰减曲线关系（R＝0．76）,且当浮游植物密度降至3．2×103细胞／ml时,水环境中的IN呈跃升趋势,此时所对应的透明度为0．6±0．2m。     

光合细菌配合面包酵母与藻粉培养轮虫的实验

以面包酵母与一定量螺旋藻粉培养褶皱臂尾轮虫的过程中，添加光合细菌液进行实验。结果表明：光合细菌作为辅助性饵料，对轮虫的生长具有明显特殊的促进作用。4组实验显示：投喂适宜量光合细菌轮虫增殖明显加快，但与光合细菌添加量的增加不完全呈正比关系；投喂光合细菌新鲜培养液与老培养液轮虫增殖效果相近；投喂光合细菌只能作为辅助性饵料。当配合酵母、藻粉培育轮虫时，3者在饵料上起到了良好的互补作用，培养效果最佳。     

微卫星标记在海洋经济贝类中的应用

微卫星标记是一种DNA分析手段,是种群遗传学研究中广泛应用的分子遗传标记。本文探讨了海洋贝类微卫星DNA的开发现状,介绍了微卫星的特点。阐述了微卫星标记技术应用于海洋贝类遗传多样性研究、遗传连锁图谱的构建、杂交子代的鉴定及杂种优势和繁殖成功率分析以及物种鉴定等方面的情况,并说明了微卫星标记技术存在的问题和发展趋势。     

三种免疫添加剂对草鱼非特异性免疫功能的影响

在饲料中添加不同剂量的Vc、酵母多糖和壳聚糖,连续投喂42d,并在试验的第14、28、35和42天取样检测,研究其对草鱼血清溶菌酶活性、血清超氧化物歧化酶活性（SOD）活性、血清碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性、补体C3、含量丙二醛（MDA）含量和血液白细胞吞噬活性共6种指标的影响。结果显示：实验组与对照组相比,饲料中添加Vc可以提高血清溶菌酶活性、SOD活性、AKP活性、补体C3含量和血液白细胞吞噬活性高,并降低MDA含量。添加酵母多糖可以提高血清溶菌酶活性、AKP活性、补体C3含量和血液白细胞吞噬活性,并降低MDA含量,但不能提高SOD活性。添加壳聚糖可以提高血清溶菌酶活性、SOD活性、AKP活性、补体C3含量和血液白细胞吞噬活性,但不能降低MDA含量。饲料中添加Vc、酵母多糖和壳聚糖均对草鱼的非特异性免疫功能具有一定的促进作用。     

Effects of fish meal replaced by fermented soybean meal on growth performance,intestinal histology and microbiota of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with fermented soybean meal (FSM) and soybean meal (SM) on growth performance, intestinal histology and microbiota of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). The basal diet contained 350 g/kg FM (CON), and then, FM was replaced with SM and FSM at the ratios of 30% and 60% (SM‐30, SM‐60, FSM‐30 and FSM‐60), respectively. The largemouth bass (4.43 ± 0.13 g) were fed for 8 weeks. The results showed that weight gain of fish fed with FSM‐60 and SM‐60 diets was significantly lower, and feed conversion ratio of SM‐30, SM‐60 and FSM‐60 groups was significantly higher than the CON group (p < .05). The intestinal villus height of SM‐60 group and the villus width of SM‐60 and FSM‐60 group were significantly lower than the CON group (p < .05). The 30% FM replacement by SM and FSM significantly increased the abundance of Cetobacterium and Mycoplasma, respectively (p < .05). In conclusion, FSM could replace 30% FM in diet without negative impacts on the growth performance of largemouth bass, while the SM should be controlled below 30%.     

Effect of Hybrid Abalone,Haliotis discus hannai × Haliotis discus discus,Cultivation on the Carbon Cycle: Carbon Source/Sink

Respiration, calcification, and bio‐deposition of hybrid abalone, Haliotis discus hannai × Haliotis discus discus, fed on different foodstuffs have been measured to evaluate the effect of hybrid abalone culture on carbon source/sink in coastal areas. Fed with Laminaria japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, Gracilaria lemaneiformis, U. pinnatifida, and Ulva pertusa, alternated mutually, the carbon bio‐deposition rate of hybrid abalone was 24.29 ± 6.39, 65.40 ± 10.55, 21.48 ± 5.99, and 29.28 ± 6.47 µg/g/h, respectively. Hybrid abalone fed on U. pinnatifida had a higher carbon bio‐deposition rate compared to that fed on other foodstuff (P < 5%). Rate of CO₂ released by respiration of hybrid abalone fed on the experimental foodstuff was 24.53 ± 8.57, 32.73 ± 7.99, 29.31 ± 6.39, and 33.67 ± 12.37 µg/g/h, respectively. Results indicated that calcification presented less relationship with body weight type of the foodstuff. The rate of CO₂ released by calcification into seawater and atmosphere was 2.77 ± 1.89 and 6.53 ± 3.36 µg/g/h, respectively. The total rate of CO₂ released because of bio‐deposition, respiration, and calcification processes was 16.19 ± 4.67 µg/g/h, while the total rate of carbon sequestered in shells and tissues was 8.94 ± 2.07 µg/g/h. The study revealed that hybrid abalone culture is a source of CO₂.     

基于移动端作物大田测试数据采集技术研究与实现

作物品种田间测试是评价、筛选新品种不可或缺的关键环节，是品种大规模推广应用的主要依据。育种单位每年试验小区数量巨大，单一育种公司每年新产生大约1 000万个数据点，依靠传统的人工纸质录入效率低、错误率高。针对测试数据田间野外录入的特点，研究设计了一套高效的测试数据快速录入、及时传输的技术方案，并详细介绍了客户端与服务器数据交互融合、拍照采集条码、数据分块存取等关键技术。该系统进行了Windows Mobile 6.1及以上多个手机平台的应用测试，结果表明此方法是高效可行的。     

浅谈热水锅炉的安全运行

作者依据20多年的工作实践经验,对热水锅炉安全运行的必要条件进行了较为详细的阐述。     

胆汁引流对黑熊健康状况影响的研究

通过三个实验来研究取胆汁对熊的健康状况的影响。首先,比较了取胆汁熊和没有取胆汁熊的健康状态;其次,比较了引流3年以上的熊和没有进行引流熊的健康状况;最后,比较了不同取胆汁方式熊的健康状况。实验证明,引流取胆汁影响了熊的身体健康,其中,引流取胆汁对熊的危害明显,穿刺取胆汁对熊的危害较小。引流取胆汁对熊的健康影响主要体现在易患胆囊炎症、胆结石,还容易发生脂溶性维生素缺乏症状。     

黑茶调节脂质代谢的物质基础及机理研究进展

黑茶调节脂质代谢的作用已在各类研究中被报道,关于其活性物质及作用机理的研究也已逐渐展开。本文总结了黑茶中主要活性成分及特殊成分的化学特性和含量差异,并对黑茶的安全性作了评价。在此基础上,结合各类成分的功能机理研究,探讨了它们调节脂质代谢的途径或方式,同时对黑茶多成分、多途径的降脂机制进行了归纳和总结。