用戊糖处理豆粕对蛋白质保护效果的研究

试验研究戊糖浓度(1%、3%)、加热温度(90、105、120、140℃)及加热时间(20、40、90min)对豆粕蛋白质的保护效果。试验为三因素多水平完全随机试验设计,共24个处理组。采用瘤胃尼龙袋法和三步法分别评定各处理组的瘤胃蛋白降解率和小肠消化率。结果表明:戊糖浓度、加热温度和加热时间都影响豆粕蛋白保护的效果,蛋白瘤胃降解率随着戊糖浓度的增加、加热时间的延长、加热温度的升高而逐渐降低。在处理条件140℃、90min、3%时获得最低的瘤胃蛋白降解率。     

防霉剂对霉菌和食用菌菌丝生长的影响

试验证明，不同防霉剂对不同霉菌有不同的抑制作用，对食用菌菌丝生长的影响也不同，广谱抑菌的富马酸二甲酯(DMF)是一种较好的食用菌防霉剂。     

野生稠李色素提取工艺研究

以野生稠李果实为原料,将色素溶液进行1∶20的比例稀释,放在400～700nm的波长范围内扫描,表明532nm处为最大。通过乙醇浓度、温度、物料固液比、提取时间,进行四因素三水平正交实验,确定野生稠李色素最佳提取工艺。结果表明:稠李色素最佳的提取条件为乙醇浓度30%,提取温度75℃,固液比为1∶10,提取时间90min。     

杀虫剂对中黑苜蓿盲蝽的毒力测定方法及9种杀虫剂的室内毒力测定

中黑苜蓿盲蝽（Adelphocoris suturalis Jakovlev）目前是河南省关键棉花害虫之一。本文研究了中黑苜蓿盲蝽成虫的日龄、性别、密度和食物的有无对瓶膜法毒力测定结果的影响,确定了农药对中黑苜蓿盲蝽毒力的生物测定方法。将羽化10 d内的成虫（不分雌雄）1～3头装入具有待测药膜的20 mL闪烁瓶中,每瓶加1块四季豆作为食物, 24 h检查死亡率。用此法测定的9种杀虫剂对郑州中黑苜蓿盲蝽种群的毒力为： 毒死蜱>硫丹>氯氟氰菊酯>甲萘威>吡虫啉>高效氯氰菊酯>啶虫咪>抗蚜威>溴氰菊酯,LC50分别为0.275、0.335、8.130、16.782、18.684、23.805、27.767、63.420 μg/mL和68.451 μg/mL。     

襄阳地区小麦条锈菌越冬潜伏菌源量与病情的关系研究

 在小麦条锈病菌(Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici,PST)越冬区的湖北襄阳、宜城和枣阳3个地区同一时间定点(GPS定位)采样,应用双重real-time PCR定量测定方法进行潜育侵染测定,并于春季在相应取样点进行病情调查。取样区域按照镇/区划分成不同的区域。每个区域的分子病情指数(MDI)和病情指数(DI)由该区域内所有样品和调查点数据取平均值得到。由MDI转换成风险指数(RI),并做RI与春季病情指数的相关性分析。同时,也通过坐标数据进行了空间分析。结果显示,PST潜伏侵染量与春季病情呈显著相关,并且两者均与其分布区域距汉江水系的距离相关。     

茄果类蔬菜日光温室智能化育苗关键控制技术

为了制定出1套可操作性强的日光温室智能化育苗关键控制技术体系,经实践并结合智能化育苗数据检测控制及管理系统,总结和完善了茄果类蔬菜幼苗不同阶段对温度、基质湿度及光照等的具体要求,最终形成了1套可操作性强的技术体系。     

蒙古绵羊β-防御素-1cDNA的扩增及其序列分析

为了获得蒙古绵羊β-防御素-1（sBD-1）的cDNA序列,从蒙古绵羊瘤胃的上皮组织中提取总RNA,采用RT-PCR技术扩增出sBD-1的cDNA。结果 sBD-1的cDNA长为300bp,该cDNA包含由192bp组成的开放读码框（ORF）,ORF编码64个氨基酸的前原防御素。经过DNA序列分析。证实所扩增的cDNA为sBD-1。     

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of new Newcastle disease virus isolates from the mainland of China

Seventy-nine velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates were obtained from infected chicken flocks during the outbreaks of Newcastle disease (ND) in various regions of the mainland of China in 2006. The F gene fragment (535 bp, from nt 47 to 581 of the F gene) which codes the main functional region of the F protein was obtained by RT-PCR and sequenced. All sequences obtained in this study have been submitted to GenBank. All the isolates have the motif ¹¹²R-R-Q/R-K/R-R-F¹¹⁷ at the cleavage site of the fusion protein, which is typical of velogenic NDV isolates. For genotyping, a phylogenetic tree based on nucleotides 47–435 of the F gene was constructed, and the 79 isolates could be divided into two genotypes, namely VIId and III. Most of the isolates proved to be of genotype VIId; only two isolates were of genotype III. Genotype VIId NDV has been the predominant pathogen responsible for most Newcastle disease outbreaks in China. The proportion of isolates of genotype VIId NDV shows an increasing trend, according to studies on the molecular epidemiology of NDV in China from 2002 to 2006.     

Evaluation of insecticidal activity of podophyllotoxin derivatives against Brontispa longissima

Twenty podophyllotoxin analogues were first tested for their insecticidal activity against the fifth-instar larvae of Brontispa longissima in vivo. Among them, compounds 6-9 and 19 showed more promising and pronounced insecticidal activity than toosendanin, a commercial insecticide derived from Melia azedarach. The different insecticidal activity ranges of compounds 1-20 indicated that variation of chemical structures in the podophyllotoxin skeleton markedly affected the activity profiles of this compound class, and some important SAR information has been revealed from it. The results obtained from SAR analysis show good correlation with the docking models as well as with QSAR studies, which allows for the rational design of more potent podophyllotoxin derivatives in the development of potential new insecticides.     

海南岛香蕉园砖红壤养分限制因子的研究

针对海南岛香蕉园花岗岩发育的砖红壤的养分限制因子及其亏缺程度目前尚不清楚,笔者试验采用土壤养分状况系统研究法来开展研究。研究结果如下：(1)砖红壤对各养分的吸附固定能力大小顺序为：B>S>Cu>K>Zn;(2)高粱盆栽试验中养分亏缺程度为：N>Zn>B>Mg>S>K>Mo>Ca>Cu;(3)香蕉盆栽试验中养分亏缺程度为：N>Mg>Zn>K>Ca>S>Mo>B;(4)N是第一限制因子。这充分说明土壤肥力贫瘠,应当加强土壤所缺且香蕉所需的养分的施用,方能提高土壤肥力,从而实现香蕉的平衡施肥;同时证明土壤养分状况系统研究法确实可以很好地用来评价土壤肥力。