Experimental studies with foot-and-mouth disease virus type Asia-1, responsible for the 2005 epidemic in China

This study was carried out to investigate the biological characteristics of the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus strain Asia-1 China/2005, which is responsible for the 2005 epidemic in China. The result showed that this strain is not host restricted, and could not only cause FMD in cattle and sheep but also in pigs by either inoculation or direct contact.     

粤北桑芽瘿蚊形态特征观察

粤北桑芽瘿蚊Giadomyiasp是粤北桑树的主要害虫之一,其形态特征主要表现在成虫触角、前翅、外生殖器的形态,卵、幼虫胸骨片的形状,蛹胸足长短等方面,与广东老蚕区（顺德）的桑吸浆虫（Contariniasp．）有着明显差异。     

Green tea polyphenols supplementation alters immunometabolism and oxidative stress in dairy cows with hyperketonemia

Peripartal cows often experience negative energy balance, and are therefore prone to suffering from metabolic diseases such as hyperketonemia, which causes financial losses in dairy farms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of green tea polyphenol (GTP) supplementation during the periparturient period on production performance, oxidative stress and immunometabolism in dairy cows with hyperketonemia. One hundred Holstein cows were assigned to GTP (0.2 g/kg DM; n = 50) or control (without GTP; n = 50) group based on body weight, previous milk yield, and parity on d 15 before expected parturition. Subsequently, 10 cows with hyperketonemia were selected from each group, according to blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentration between 1.2 and 2.9 mmol/L from 2 to 3 d postpartum. All cows were fed a close-up diet and a lactation diet with or without GTP supply from 15 d prepartum until 30 d postpartum. Milk and blood samples were obtained from 20 cows selected with hyperketonemia on 10, 20, and 30 d postpartum. Compared with control cows, greater milk yield and lower somatic cell count were observed in GTP cows. The GTP group had lower concentrations of BHBA, free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglyceride, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, greater concentrations of glucose, lower activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and glutamyl transpeptidase, alongside greater activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, GTP supplementation up-regulated concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, but down-regulated concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-8, and interferon-γ in plasma. Greater concentrations of plasma immunoglobulin G were also detected in the GTP group. Overall, the data suggested that GTP supplementation from 15 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum improved the milk yield and health status in cows with hyperketonemia during early lactation.     

预混合饲料的生产技术要点及使用

预混合饲料是同一类的多种添加剂或不同类型的多种添加剂按一定比例配制而成的匀质混合物。虽然预混合饲料在全价饲料中所占比例很小,但其对全价饲料的饲养效果却起着极其重要的作用。科学的预混合饲料配方是预混料生产的关键。要生产出优质的预混料,不仅需要科学的配方,还需要     

拓展缉毒犬使用效果相关问题探析

一、当前国内缉毒犬使用情况 当前国内禁毒形势日益严峻,随着警犬作为装备配发政策落实程度的不断深化,一些地市公安机关相继建立起适应当地工作需要的警犬队伍,其中不乏缉毒犬队伍的发展与壮大,在此基础上缉毒犬使用也得到了较大程度的发展.总体体现在缉毒犬队伍专业化、规模化;缉毒犬使用日常化;参与缉毒专项行动、公开查缉等工作中也取得了较好成绩.     

训犬员,警营里的一道多味麻辣汤

在云南德宏边境一线,常年活跃着这样一群年轻士兵,他们身穿橄榄绿,终日与犬为伴。巡逻路上,他们带着警犬跋山涉水,风餐露宿,把足迹踏遍边境线上的每     

Use of comparative proteomics to identify the effects of creatine pyruvate on lipid and protein metabolism in broiler chickens

Four hundred male chickens were selected to study the effects of pyruvate (Pyr), creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) and creatine (Cr) on the expression of hepatic mitochondrial and cytoplasm proteins associated with lipid and protein metabolism. Mitochondrial purification was accomplished using the two-step differential centrifugation and density gradient method, and the activities of organelle-specific marker enzymes were determined to assess the purity of the mitochondria. Proteins were extracted and fractionated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and the differential protein spots were assessed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. CrPyr reduced fatty acid accumulation by down-regulating adipose differentiation-related protein, inhibited ATP synthase expression, and reduced cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) expression, thus reducing the levels of high density lipoprotein and triglycerol (TG) levels (thereby lowering fat and cholesterol deposition). CrPyr increased the expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 2B, calreticulin (CRT) and eIF3a, thus promoting protein synthesis. CrPyr up-regulated the expression of fatty acid-binding proteins, CETP and apolipoprotein A-IV in cytoplasmic extracts, and these proteins accelerated the decomposition of fatty acids and TG, thus reducing fat deposition. In conclusion, CrPyr plays an important role in lipolysis and protein synthesis, and this effect was more pronounced than was the effect of Pyr and Cr.     

频频变脸的中国饲料营销(1)

大饲料集团卖的啥20世纪80年代末和90年代初,这一段时间内中国产生的暴发户之多,真可谓是空前绝后。我国的饲料业就是在这个时候萌芽的,由于饲料行业科技含量低,投资门槛可高可低,营销简单易行,设备可繁可简,最简单时可简单到一把铁锹……一夜之间,一些民企经营高手们逢时而起,像天女散花似的,把饲料厂散遍大江南北,长城内外,造就了不少下辖相当数量子公司的饲料集团公司。在四川,首先是希望集团的崛起。刘氏四兄弟中老三——刘永美(陈育新)是学畜牧专业的,他从养鹌鹑、孵化小鸡开始,然后到为养殖户着想,提供长得快、不生病的饲料,就这样不…     

样品前处理方法对蛋氨酸铬及其预混剂中铬含量测定结果的影响

<正>近年来,随着全社会环保和节约资源意识的不断提高,有机微量元素产品的开发和研究工作发展非常迅速,并且有很多品种已经被列入农业部1126号公告《饲料添加剂品种目录(2008)》中,蛋氨酸铬就是其     

中药“增免散”对免疫抑制鸡免疫功能的影响

将300只1日龄雏鸡随机分成正常对照组、中药“增免散”组、环磷酰胺组、环磷酰胺组 左旋咪唑组、环磷酰胺 “增免散”组,6日龄用鸡新城疫LaSota疫苗免疫点眼滴鼻,14、21、28、35日龄测定鸡血液ND抗体效价、免疫器官指数、细胞免疫功能、红细胞免疫粘附功能等,探索中药“增免散”的免疫增强机理。结果表明:中药“增免散”不但能显著提高Lasota活苗接种雏鸡的特异性HI抗体水平,延长其持续时间,能促进雏鸡免疫器官的生长发育,能显著增高雏鸡外周血T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率,并对雏鸡红细胞免疫粘附功能具有显著促进作用,而且对环磷酰胺的免疫抑制有部分拮抗作用。