Phylogenetic Relationships of Sorghum and Related Species Inferred from Sequence Analysis of the nrDNA ITS Region

Analysis of phylogenetic and evolution in six species of Sorghum was based on internal transcribed spacer （ITS） sequences in nuclear ribosomal DNA. Results showed that the length of the ITS regions among the six species ranged from 588 to 589 bp and the contents of G＋C in ITS （ITS1 ＋5.8S＋ITS2） regions ranged from 60.27 to 61.05%; the length of ITS1 ranged from 207 to 208 bp and the contents of G ＋ C in the ITS 1 regions ranged from 53.91 to 61.54%. The length of the 5.8S rDNA and ITS2 regions in the six species was 164 and 217 bp respectively, and the contents of G ＋ C ranged from 56.10 to 58.54% in the 5.8S rDNA region and 66.36 to 67,28% in the ITS2 region. Among regions of ITS, ITS1, ITS2, and 5.8S, the best sequence for genetic relationship analysis in the six species was the ITS region. On the basis of the Jaccard coefficient and phylogentic tree, S. sp. was more related to S, propinguum than to other species. This was consistent with the fact that S. sp. is derived from S. propinguum. From the phylogenetic tree based on ITS1, S. halepense, silk sorghum and S. sudanense, are identical in the ITS 1 sequence, whereas the phylogenetic tree based one shows that S. sudanense has a closer genetic association with S. almum rather than with S. halepense and silk sorghum.     

Evaluation of the Pathotypes of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Preliminary Analysis of the Resistant Reactions of Main Japonica Rice in the Yunnan Plateau, China

The pathogenicity of 36 isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae （Xoo）, which were collected from japonica rice varieties in the Yunnan Plateau, China, was evaluated. It was evaluated on 29 rice varieties including a set of seven varieties to identify pathogenicity, i.e., Haonuoyang, TN1, Kogyoku, Zhenzhu＇ai, IR26, Nanjing 33, and Kinmaze, which may be considered as a set of differential varieties for Xoo races from Yunnan japonica rice. The efficiency of the seven varieties was further confirmed. The results showed reversible and specific interactions between isolates and varieties. The isolates were classified into nine pathotypes from pathotyp Ⅰ to Ⅸ according to their pathogenic reactions on the seven rice varieties. The pathotype V was the epidemic, whereas pathogen Ⅶ was the most pathogenic. Most japonica varieties grown in the Yunnan Plateau were susceptible to Xoo. The rice lines IRBB21 （Xa-21）, Zhachanglong （Xa-22,, Xa- 24,）, and IR1545-339 （xa-5）, which were resistant to all the isolates tested, can be used as donors of resistant genes for bacterial blight in japonica rice breeding in the Yunnan Plateau.     

生态工业园区建设的国内外比较研究

生态工业团区是发展循环经济的重要实现形式。随着循环经济理念在我国的广泛推广，生态工业团区建设开始在国内各地兴起。本文首先探讨了生态工业园区的内涵，然后对国内外生态工业园区的发展概况进行比较研究，最后得出推进我国生态工业园区建设的一些启示。     

乌鲁木齐城市森林生态系统生态资产定量研究

通过评估与核算乌鲁木齐城市森林生态系统的生态资产,构建城市森林生态系统的生态资产评估体系。结果表明,乌鲁木齐城市森林生态系统生态资产为24.688 9×108元(不包括森林的游憩类价值),乌鲁木齐城市生态系统的综合游憩类生态资产总价值为58.7×108元。     

电催化氧化处理蒽醌蓝模拟染料废水试验研究

研究了pH值、槽电压、电解时间与通电方式、电解质种类及浓度对酸性蒽醌蓝模拟染料废水的电催化氧化效果。处理酸性蒽醌蓝染料废水的最佳电催化氧化条件为槽电压10V、初始pH值为4、NaCl浓度2.0g/L;在此条件下连续电解50min,COD去除率和脱色率分别为53.6%和87.9%。研究表明脉冲电催化氧化可以明显提高能量效率和电流效率,降低处理成本。     

仿刺参消化道内产琼胶酶菌株的选育及培养条件优化

对仿刺参Apostichopus japonicus消化道内容物进行富集培养,以琼胶为惟一碳源进行平板初筛,摇瓶复筛,得到一株琼胶酶活性较高的菌株HF3。对该菌株进行紫外线诱变,获得突变菌株HF3-04,酶活力从43.0 U/mL增加到48.9 U/mL,提高了13.7%。通过正交试验,确定培养基的最佳组成为:琼胶3 g/L,硝酸铵1 g/L,磷酸氢二钠0.5 mmol/L,pH值8.0;最佳培养条件为:接种量为1%,250 mL三角瓶中发酵培养基的装液量为110 mL,摇床转速为150 r/m in,培养温度为25℃,培养时间为48 h。将培养基组成及培养条件优化后,菌株酶活力达到80.7 U/mL,比优化前提高了65.0%。     

杜仲叶中绿原酸稳定性研究及沉降试验

研究了绿原酸的稳定性并进行了沉降试验,结果表明,绿原酸在温度小于60℃保持4 h以下及酸性、室内闭光的条件下比较稳定,而在碱性、强光照射下不稳定;同时,沉降剂(cjh∶cjj=1∶3)使用不利于杜仲叶中有效成分绿原酸的提取,造成绿原酸1%的损失。     

黑刺粉虱对茶树品种的选择性

以网室内单位叶面积产卵量、蛹壳数、田间虫口密度和世代存活率为指标,研究了黑刺粉虱对12个茶树品种的选择性.结果表明:黑刺粉虱对供试的12个茶树品种的选择性存在极显著差异,对G31、福云10号、铁观音和白鸡冠等品种的选择性较强;对丹桂、优510、优3、玉龙和九龙袍等品种的选择性较弱.以网室内单位叶面积产卵量为指标能客观反映出黑刺粉虱对茶树品种的选择性.     

热激处理对番茄幼苗抗冷性的影响

试验以"月光"番茄为试材,研究了热激处理对番茄幼苗抗冷性的影响。结果表明,番茄幼苗经过44℃、2h的热激处理后其抗冷性明显增加。热激处理提高了番茄幼苗叶片内的可溶性蛋白质含量,使幼苗在经低温伤害后其可溶性蛋白质含量仍保持一个较高的水平。经过热激处理的幼苗在经受低温伤害时其相对电导率和丙二醛含量显著低于对照。     

高温胁迫对黄瓜叶片叶绿素荧光猝灭的效应

以黄瓜叶片为试材,研究其在不同强度的高温胁迫下叶绿素荧光猝灭的差异,以揭示高温对黄瓜光合作用的伤害机理.结果表明:42℃/29℃(昼/夜均为12 h)高温处理对黄瓜叶片的光合机构造成了不可逆性伤害,而35℃/22℃的高温昼夜处理则对光合机构不会造成伤害.在42℃/29℃处理后黄瓜叶片PSⅡ光合电子传递量子效率(ФPSⅡ)、黄瓜叶片光化学猝灭系数(qP)和黄瓜叶片天线转化效率(Fv′/Fm′)明显下降,而35℃/22℃处理则变化不大.