Protective effect of curcumin analogue L6H4 on diaphragm of type 2 diabetic rats

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of curcumin analogue L6H4 on diaphragm of type 2 diabetic rats.METHODS: SPF male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=40) were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control (NC) group, high fat (HF) group, high fat+L6H4 treatment (FT) group, diabetes mellitus (DM) group and DM+L6H4 treatment (DT) group. The rats in the later 4 groups were fed with high-fat diet. After 4 weeks of high-fat diet fee-ding, the rats in DM and DT groups were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes melliutus. The rats in FT and DT groups were given L6H4 by gavage for 8 weeks. Blood glucose and blood lipid levels were detected biochemically. Fasting serum insulin (FINS) level was measured by radioimmunoassay and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Serum adiponectin (APN) level was measured by ELISA. The morphological changes of the diaphragm were observed under light and transmission electron microscopes. Lipid deposition and the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and NADH-tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR) were observed by enzyme histochemical staining. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the diaphragm were measured by thiobarbituric acid method and hydroxylamine method, respectively. The protein expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) in the diaphragm was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS: The levels of blood lipids, blood glucose, FINS and HOMA-IR in HF and DM groups were higher than those in NC group, but decreased after L6H4 treatment. The serum APN level in HF and DM groups was lower than that in NC group, but increased after treatment with L6H4. The muscle fibers of the diaphragm were shrunk, fat particles accumulated in the muscle fibers, and the mitochondria were slightly swollen in HF and DM groups. The diaphragmatic fibrosis was obvious in DM group. These lesions were relieved after L6H4 treatment. Compared with NC group, the level of MDA and the activity of SDH and NADH-TR in the diaphragm were increased in HF and DM groups, but decreased after treatment with L6H4. The activity of SOD and the expression of AdipoR1 in the diaphragm were lower than those in NC group, but increased after L6H4 treatment.CONCLUSION: The curcumin analogue L6H4 exerts a protective effect on diaphragm in type 2 diabetic rats. The strengthened protein expression of AdipoR1, the increased serum level of APN, and anti-lipid peroxidation may be involved in the process.     

不同氮肥用量对番茄生长及植株养分含量的影响

利用盆栽试验,研究了不同氮素用量对番茄生长性状、果实品质及植株不同器官氮、磷、钾含量的影响。试验结果表明,N_2(N=2 g/盆)处理的单株结果数(21.5个/株)、平均单果质量(6.5 g/个)均达最高值,该处理所产果实鲜样VC含量(37.5 mg/100 g)和糖酸比(9.4)均为最高,显著高于其他处理(P0.05);植株中氮、磷含量均表现为果实叶茎,而钾含量则表现为果实茎叶。随着氮肥用量的增加,各器官中氮、钾含量均表现为先增加后下降,N_2处理显著高于N_1、CK和N_4(P0.05),该处理果实的VC含量和糖酸比也达最大值;综上,番茄盆栽中纯氮用量以2 g/盆为宜。     

高压脉冲电场法提取耐辐射奇球菌中类胡萝卜素的研究

为探讨高压脉冲电场(PEF)电学参数致耐辐射奇球菌破壁提取类胡萝卜素的影响及最佳工艺参数,采用正交试验法,分析了电场强度、处理时间、频率和脉宽4种电场参数对类胡萝卜素提取效果的影响。结果表明,PEF技术提取类胡萝卜素的最优提取水平组合为:电场强度30 kV·cm^-1,处理时间30 s,频率30 Hz,脉宽10 μs。该条件下,提取量为75.06 μg·g^-1,与未进行电场处理的样品提取量48.27 μg·g^-1相比,增加了55.5%。本研究结果为PEF技术的工业化大规模应用提供了理论依据。     

以企业为主体的农业技术服务模式的创新及理论探讨

农业技术服务是农业产业化发展的重要动力,对于“商品型农业技术”而言,企业是最优的推广主体。本研究以蛛网模型为理论基础,分析了以企业为主体的农业技术服务模式,并在此基础上提出了由货物流、信息流、资金流和技术流组成的新型“商品型农业技术”服务模式,在该模式中引入了由诸多农户自发选择的具有法律效力的利益代表———“农户代理”,以加强企业与农户之间的垂直协作关系;并针对目前企业与农户双方均普遍存在毁约行为,提出了通过“信用证”的方式运作资金,使企业与农户之间的关系类似于“贴牌生产”(OEM)。还呼吁通过各种金融与法律制度,引导企业加强与农户之间的垂直协作关系,以减少企业“商品型农业技术”供给对价格的弹性,进而提高企业对农户技术服务的质量。     

异源八倍体小黑麦劲松81在贵州的产量表现

异源八倍体小黑麦劲松81于2006年通过贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定。该品种具有矮秆、高产、稳产、易脱粒、结实率高、饱满度好,营养品质优异,对白粉病免疫,适应性广,再生能力强,可在早春割苗作饲料,粮饲兼用等优点。在中等、中下等肥力旱地中其区域试验平均产量226.14~251.6 kg/667m2,比劲松49(CK)增产12.84%~16.63%,居参试品种之首。生产试验平均产量258.5 kg/667m2,最高产量达348 kg/667m2,比CK增产17.66%,适宜在贵州海拔为1000~2300 m的高寒山区、半山区,中部麦区的中、下等肥力旱地以及省外生态环境近似的地区种植。     

闽引圆叶决明辐射变异后代新品系(86134-32-3)的若干特性

从60Coγ射线辐射闽引圆叶决明86134牧草种子种植后代中筛选出性状稳定的优良变异后代新品系86134-32-3。M4代田间小区品比试验表明,与原品种86134相比,新品系植株叶子生长数、干物质含量、粗脂肪含量、氨基酸总量和单位产量都有大幅度的提高,达到显著或极显著水平;其植株茎叶比大幅度下降。新品系植株的其余营养成分、包括生殖生长期在内的农艺性状均保持原品种特性。     

牛朊蛋白在CHO/dhfr-细胞中的稳定表达

从T载体上得到的目的基因和dhfr共扩增基因真核表达载体构建了pCI-PrP102。纯化后的重组质粒通过脂质体转染CHO/dhfr-细胞,经MTX加压筛选获得稳定表达的细胞株,间接免疫荧光试验检测到目的蛋白的表达。     

湖羊GnRH受体基因的单核苷酸多态性研究

对高繁殖力绵羊品种(湖羊)和低繁殖力绵羊品种(陶赛特、特克赛尔和哈萨克)促性腺激素释放激素受体(GnRH-R)基因的5′非翻译区、外显子1和外显子2部分序列进行了PCR-SSCP分析,结果发现在5′非翻译区发生3处碱基突变(552T→G、653C→G、654G→A);在第二外显子区发生1处碱基突变(230G→C),该突变导致了第66位氨基酸的改变(精氨酸→丝氨酸)。并对这4个位点在4个绵羊品种间的基因频率进行了初步分析:对于引物1,4个绵羊群体均检测到AA基因型,AB基因型只出现在湖羊、陶赛特羊和特克塞尔羊中,仅在哈萨克羊中检测到CC基因型。对于引物2,4个绵羊群体均检测到DD基因型;DE基因型只出现在湖羊和哈萨克羊中;仅在湖羊中检测到EE基因型。     

有机和常规蔬菜生产系统土壤可溶性有机氮含量及特征

可溶性有机氮(SON)是反映耕作土壤氮矿化能力的重要指标,与氮营养供应能力密切相关.本文通过分析土壤SON、游离氨基酸(FAA)、可溶性全氮(TSN)含量,比较上海郊区有机和常规蔬菜生产系统、设施和露地栽培模式下的土壤氮素含量及特征差异.结果表明:有机蔬菜生产系统土壤中的SON (51.1±10.2 mg·kg-1,CV=19.9%)含量均高于常规生产系统(39.8±7.2 mg·kg-1CV=18.0%),并表现为夏季>春季>冬季>秋季.设施栽培土壤的SON和FAA含量均高于露地,不同季节有机露地和大棚FAA含量、FAA/SON和FAA/TN均差异显著(P<0.05),并表现为夏季>春季>冬季>秋季.土壤SON与全氮、全碳、C/N、pH和NO3--N均存在显著的相关性.因此,有机和常规生产系统以及设施和露地栽培模式中,土壤SON的含量及其特性存在显著差异.     

不同覆土栽培方式下杏鲍菇菌渣对姬松茸产量的影响

目前,栽培姬松茸的主要方法是培养料经过2次发酵后进行床架式栽培,为了探索一种用菌渣栽培姬松茸的较好出菇方式,该试验通过添加不同含量的杏鲍菇菌渣,设置5种配方,进行堆制发酵,堆制后的培养料装袋,并进行常压灭菌,菌丝满袋后,采用2种出菇方式,一种脱袋后掰块覆土出菇,另一种直接袋内覆土出菇,通过调查菌丝爬土时间、生物学效率、出菇周期等进行综合分析,结果表明:脱袋掰碎覆土出菇方式效果较好,其菇型均匀,畸形菇少,生物学效率高。