野大麦盐胁迫rbcS基因的克隆及序列分析(摘要)(英文)

[目的]研究野大麦盐胁迫rbcS基因的克隆及序列分析。[方法]以盐胁迫下的野大麦幼嫩叶片为试材,根据GenBank中小麦和大麦rbcS基因核酸序列的同源性设计引物,对野大麦基因组DNA进行PCR扩增、回收、连接、转化及测序。[结果]在野大麦的基因组中克隆了2个大小不同的rbcS基因序列rbcS1和rbcS2,长度分别为1252和908bp。rbcS1和rbcS2均由2个外显子和1个内含子组成,外显子长度相等,编码序列为525bp,同源性为96%,编码174个氨基酸;rbcS1和rbcS2内含子大小不同,分别为448和107bp。[结论]该研究为进一步探讨rbcS基因在野大麦耐盐机制中的分子机制奠定了基础。     

抗热应激饲料添加剂对猪生长性能的影响及作用机理研究

将112头育肥猪随机地分为7组,在1~6组的日粮中分别添加以下抗热应激添加剂:γ-氨基丁酸0.004%、γ-氨基丁酸0.008%、γ-氨基丁酸0.004%+巴氯芬0.001%、巴氯芬0.001%、γ-氨基丁酸0.004%+巴氯芬0.001%+维生素C(Vc)0.01%、微生态制剂0.05%,第7组为对照组。结果表明:第3、5、6组的日增重分别比对照组提高了15%、18%、18%(P0.05)。无论哪一种添加剂,都可提高猪的采食量,但根据料肉比的结果,以第5组的效果最好。与对照组相比,各处理组皆可使猪消化道内的大肠杆菌和乳酸菌的数量有不同程度的降低(P0.05),而使饲料中蛋白质、钙和磷等营养物质的消化率有不同程度的升高(P0.05)。血清学分析结果表明:与对照组相比,第3组的碱性磷酸酶活力明显升高(P0.05),第4组的球蛋白含量和第6组的葡萄糖含量明显地低于对照组(P0.05),其它血清学指标无明显差异。综上所述,最佳的抗热应激和促生长饲料添加剂为γ-氨基丁酸+巴氯芬+Vc组合。     

TBTV卫星RNA不同分离物的序列测定及系统进化分析*

  利用RT-PCR方法对烟草丛顶病毒（tobacco bushy top virus,TBTV）卫星RNA不同分离物进行扩增和克隆测序,同时运用DNAMAN,MEGA,ClustalX等生物软件对TBTV和其它幽影病毒的卫星RNA核苷酸序列进行同源性比较,构建了幽影病毒属成员卫星RNA的系统进化树。E结果显示：TBTV不同分离物卫星RNA的核苷酸同源性为792%～990%。它们与幽影病毒属其它成员卫星RNA的核苷酸同源性为325%～441%。通过构建幽影病毒属成员卫星RNA的系统进化树可以看出：TBTV的卫星RNA与GRV的卫星RNA亲缘关系最近,与CMoMV的亲缘关系最远。     

基于农作制分区的1985—2015年中国小麦生产时空变化

Comparing spatio-temporal variation characteristics of China’s wheat production, yield, sown area and yield-area-contribution in different farming zones in the past 30 years could help improving wheat planting layout and adjusting planting structure. Concentration index, rate of change, moving of gravity and resolution of yield-area-contribution were used to analyze spatio-temporal changes of China’s wheat production and yield-area-contribution based on county wheat production statistics including sown area, production and yield from 1985 to 2015. The wheat sown area decreased obviously in Northeast farming region, Northwest farming region and South farming region and increased rapidly in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region and Yangtze Plain farming region. In Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, the concentration indexes of Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Fenwei Basin farming region reached to 20.64%, 25.77%, and 21.65% respectively in 2015. Wheat production increased significantly by more than 48 milliontons in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, and nearly 8 million tons Yangtze Plain farming region but decreased by more than 2.6 million tons in Northeast farming region. In Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, wheat production was concentrated in Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Yuxi Hill farming region. The average wheat yield continuously improved during the study period, Huang-Huai-Hai farming region and Northwest farming region had the yield increase up to 103.5 kg hm ^-2 and 92.9 kg hm ^-2 each year. Wheat yield in Yuxi Hill farming region, Fenwei Basin farming region and Haihe Plain farming region was relatively high in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region. The yield-reduced area was mainly caused by the decreasing of sown area, while the yield-area-contribution rate was different in yield-increased area. Yield-dominant counties were reduced, area-dominant counties were increased and yield-area-dominant counties were relatively steady. In production increased area, yield-dominant and yield-area-dominant counties were the main types in Huang-Huai-Hai Farming region, area-dominant and yield-area-dominant counties were the main types in Yangtze Plain farming region. Chinese wheat production was increasingly concentrated in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region which has high and rapid increase of wheat yield over the past three decades. Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Fenwei Basin farming region were the most concentrated areas in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region for wheat production during this period. Wheat yield and sown area jointly promoted the increase of wheat production in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, wheat sown area was the crucial factor to increase wheat production in Yangtze Plain farming region, especially in the north of Jiangsu, Anhui province and greater part of Xinjiang.     

茉莉酸甲酯对烟草抗黄瓜花叶病毒的诱导效应

用1 g.L-1茉莉酸甲酯(MJ)处理小十字期烟草幼苗,烟苗移栽后长至10片真叶时再用相同浓度MJ处理一次,并接种烟草黄瓜花叶病毒,研究茉莉酸甲酯对烟草黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)的诱导效应.结果表明:接种CMV后21 d,MJ处理烟株的病情显著低于对照,诱导效果达到43.24%;MJ处理提高了烟草幼苗叶片内的过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶及超氧化物歧化酶的活性和过氧化氢的含量;而接种CMV后,MJ处理烟株叶片过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性下降,过氧化物酶活性增强,过氧化氢含量明显升高.     

不同种植密度夏玉米产量性状与产量的灰色相关分析

为给夏玉米的育种和高产栽培提供理论依据,应用灰色关联度分析法,对夏玉米2个品种(郑单958和豫单998)和3个种植密度的产量性状与籽粒产量进行分析.结果表明,夏玉米产量与各产量性状的关联度依序为出籽率＞穗轴重＞穗粗＞穗长＞千粒重＞行粒数＞穗行数＞穗粒数＞穗粒重,出籽率与产量关系最密切.     

狂犬病病毒核蛋白的原核表达及纯化

采用RT-PCR方法扩增出狂犬病病毒(RV)CVS株核蛋白(N)基因,并将目的基因亚克隆入原表达载体pET-28 a(+)中,经PCR、双酶切以及序列分析,结果表明:已成功构建了重组质粒.将重组质粒转化至大肠埃希氏菌Rossetta(DE3),在37℃,1 mmol/L IPTG条件下进行诱导表达.诱导产物经SDS-PAGE分析,在分子量约为54 KD附近出现较粗的目的带,与预期的目的蛋白分子量相符合.经表达条件优化,用1 mmol/LIPTG在37℃诱导表达5 h,表达量达到最高,Western-Blotting鉴定目的蛋白有较强的免疫原性.为狂犬病毒的N蛋白的新型疫苗的制备奠定了基础.     

凌源地区百合新品种引种栽培试验研究

为了在凌源地区引进推广新的百合品种,辽宁省农业科学院引进14个百合新品种在凌源试验栽培。通过主要性状的调查分析,确定适宜凌源地区栽培的百合品种有LA杂种系的纳帮;OT杂种系的罗宾娜、黄色风暴、木门、曼尼萨;OO杂种系的赞布拉星、能量。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合症流行株ORF_5基因遗传变异分析

[目的]分析猪繁殖与呼吸综合症发病原因,流行趋势,为预防和控制猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒（PRRSV）提供理论依据。[方法]根据GenBank上的PRRSV的ATCCVR-2332的全基因序列,设计并合成引物,采用RT-PCR技术扩增了7株流行株中的ORF5基因序列。应用DNAStar软件分析所测序列,并与ATCCVR-2332、CH-1a、BJ-4、LV及疫苗株MLV进行序列比较。同时用系统进化树分析了分离株之间的系统进化树。[结果]核苷酸序列分析表明这7株流行株中ORF5基因与VR-2332、CH-1a、BJ-4等代表株的同源性分别为88.1%～98.8%,89.9%～95.2%,85.6%～98.7%;与LV的同源性为54.7%～56.9%。氨基酸序列分析表明,这7株流行株与VR-2332、CH-1a、BJ-4等代表株的同源性分别为88.1%～96.8%,88.1%～94.5%,86.1%～96.5%;与LV的同源性为54.7%～56.2%。[结论]流行株在ORF5基因区域的变异较大,同一地域分离株间ORF5基因序列同源性较高且亲缘关系较近,不同地域则较远。     

不同质量浓度抗生素对菊花‘绿鹦哥’茎段组织培养的影响

研究确定了选择标记抗生素卡那霉素(Kanamycin:Kan)对菊花‘绿鹦哥'茎段分化和无茼苗生根抑制的最适质量浓度,并探讨了除菌抗生素头孢噻肟钠(Cefotaxime:Cef)对‘绿鹦哥'茎段分化影响的安全质量浓度.试验结果表明,30 mg·L~(-1)的卡那霉素能够完全抑制菊花茎段的分化,10 mg·L~(-1)的卡那霉素可以完全抑制无菌苗的生根;700 mg·L~(-1)的头孢噻肟钠不影响菊花茎段外植体不定芽的再生,随着头孢噻肟钠质量浓度的升高,菊花茎段不定芽出现玻璃化现象.