农村肉牛的生产周期与育肥技术

湖南肉牛养殖,农村散养占90％左右.如何在目前条件下,充分利用当地资源,提高肉牛养殖经济效益是关键.本文从肉牛的生产周期、生产计划、育肥饲料配方以及提高育肥效益策略等方面进行了介绍,为提高湖南农村肉牛养殖经济效益提供借鉴.     

喀什地区核棉间作系统核桃枝枯病的发生原因及综合防治技术简

喀什地区核棉阀作为系统中核桃易发生枝枯病，严重影响了核桃的产量和品质，依据调查研究结果，分析喀什地区核桃枝枯病发病原因。并提出了以农业防治为基础。结合物理防治和化学防治的综合防治技术，以期为喀什地区核棉间作系统核桃枝枯病的防治提供参考。     

基于统一年产值的土地承包经营权抵押价格探讨

土地承包经营权抵押工作已在宁夏、湖北、河南、贵州和重庆等省(市、区)的部分地区进行了试点,很好地解决了农村发展中的资金问题,对当地农村经济的发展起到巨大的促进作用,但实践中如何科学、准确、合理地确定土地承包经营权的抵押价格,成为困扰土地抵押融资工作的难题。以土地统一年产值为基础,运用实例调查法、收益还原法和对比法分析了土地承包经营权的价值,并最终确定土地承包经营权的抵押价格。     

UWB多径信道下RAKE接收和均衡的作用分析

基于科技创新投入、产出、支撑和转化等四个影响因素，构建新能源储能企业科技创新能力评价模型，并运用主成分分析法和聚类分析法，对我国主要新能源储能企业的科技创新能力进行分析和评价.分析表明，我国新能源储能企业科技创新的能力主要取决于经费投入和科研能力两大因素.新能源企业科技创新的研发经费投入、科研人员配备、科研成果等方面，与国外企业相比差距大，科技创新能力亟待提高.     

植物保护专业实验室开放的探索与实践

阐述实验室开放的意义、具体实施过程、效果以及开放中存在的问题,并提出解决办法,以为相关专业实验室开放提供参考。     

有限群体中杂交后代质量性状表型分布的预测

利用二项分布对有限群体中仅产生两种理论基因型(或表现型)的特定杂交组合后代可能出现情况的概率预测问题加以推广,应用多项分布,解决了有限群体中已知基因型的杂交组合同时考虑多个性状而有多种理论基因型(或表现型)后代的各种可能出现情况的概率预测问题.     

Preparation and Evaluation of Mixed Probiotics for Chicken Against Escherichia coli Infection

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of probiotics on chickens' resistance to Escherichia coli infections,and to provide a basis for the development of microecological agents.Based on the Oxford Cup test and the bacterial adhesion inhibition test,three kinds of probiotics and their equal proportion mixed bacterial liquid with good effect of inhibiting Escherichia coli in vitro were obtained initially:Lactobacillus plantarum ZN-3,Lactobacillus rhamnosus QC,Clostridium butyricum HYCB and mixed bacteria preparation X.The 7-day-old SPF chicks were continuously orally fed with probiotics for 30 days and infected with Escherichia coli XT-13 once a day from the 26th to 30th day,and the survival rate and weight change were recorded.Through the same oral and infection protocols,the chicks were necropsied after infection with XT-13,and the results of necropsy and pathology were analyzed,and the amount of bacteria in the liver and intestines was detected by immunohistochemistry.In addition,in order to analyze the effect of oral administration of mixed probiotic preparations on cytokines in chickens infected with Escherichia coli,non-lethal doses of XT-13 were selected to infect chickens,and the levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10),interleukin-17 (IL-17) in serum and avian defensin-β1 (AvBD1) in the liver were measured on the 4th,8th and 14th days after infection.At the same time,the bactericidal ability of the serum was tested on the 14th day after infection.Finally,the broad-spectrum protection ability of probiotics to O78 serotype Escherichia coli AV006 infected chickens was evaluated.The results showed that the antibacterial effect of the supernatant of each probiotic fermentation broth was obvious,and the mixing of probiotics could reduce the adhesion rate of XT-13 to DF-1 cells (P<0.05).The weight gain effect of mixed probiotics was better than that of single probiotics,which had a good protective effect on chickens infected with XT-13.The survival rate was 87.50%.The mixed probiotics significantly reduced the load of XT-13 in liver and large intestine,alleviated the pathological damage,and regulated the levels of IL-10 and IL-17 in serum and the levels of AvBD1 in the liver,while improving the bactericidal ability of the serum.In addition,the broad-spectrum protection test showed that the mixed probiotics reduced the mortality of chickens infected with O78 serotype Escherichia coli.Therefore,the mixed preparation of Lactobacillus plantarum ZN-3,Lactobacillus rhamnosus QC and Clostridium butyricum HYCB could promote chick weight gain,reduce bacterial load,reduce tissue lesions,regulate the host's immune response,and had a good prevention effect on avian colibacillosis,which had a great potential to develop into a probiotic preparation against avian colibacillosis.     

金黄地鼠Dpl基因克隆及其组织特异性表达的研究

本文成功克隆了金黄地鼠Dpl(PrP-like protein doppel,Doppel)基因,并采用实时荧光定量PCR法对其组织特异性表达进行了研究.根据已发表家鼠Dpl基因序列设计引物,采用PCR直接扩增金黄地鼠(Ham.ster)的Dpl基因CDs区,序列测定和分析表明金黄地鼠的Dpl基因CDs区全长537 bp,编码178个氨基酸的前体蛋白,不存在基因多态性.经基因序列对比分析,金黄地鼠与其他10种属哺乳动物Dpl基因有较高同源性,均为70.8%以上,且与鼠科Dpl序列的同源性最高(86%).实时定量PCR结果表明,在所检测组织中,Dpl m.RNA在睾丸表达量最高,其次为脾脏、心脏、骨髓和脑,其在肝脏、肺脏、肾脏和肌肉中的表达低于检测水平;成年动物与未成年动物相比,在睾丸组织的表达量,成年鼠显著高于未成年鼠;在成年鼠脑组织检测不到Dpl m.RNA 的表达.本研究对金黄地鼠Dpl基因序列进行分析测定,并对其在不同组织的生理表达进行了定量,以期为其功能的进一步研究提供基础数据.     

Pbf启动子在小麦离体胚乳中的特性分析

为了探明胚乳特异启动子的调控活性，对小麦醇溶蛋白盒结合因子基因（pbf）的启动子序列进行了5´、3´和中间缺失片段-GUS基因嵌合体载体（pbf.a-d）的构建，并在小麦离体胚乳中转化。GUS瞬间表达活性检测和功能缺失试验表明：pbf 的-2510- -1bp全长序列能够在小麦离体胚乳中表现活性，而5´ 端-2510bp- -670bp以及3´端-1288bp- -1bp序列的缺失则使启动子在胚乳中丧失了活性；中间序列-2160bp- -689bp的缺失使GUS的表达强度明显降低。文中对pbf启动子序列中存在的重要基序种类和数量以及基序对启动子表达调控活性的作用也给予了初步分析。本文对小麦胚乳发育状态及GUS瞬间表达体系等对pbf启动子活性检测的影响也作了探讨。