基于2010–2019年文献计量的燕麦研究现状

为深入了解燕麦(Avena sativa)研究现状,本研究利用CiteSpace软件对2010–2019年中国知网CNKI数据库(包括中文核心期刊、CSCD) 1 492篇、WOS核心合集2 283篇燕麦主题文献进行可视化分析,探讨了燕麦的发展和研究热点问题。结果表明:1)近10年来对燕麦的研究总体呈现出上升趋势,就发文量来看,发文前五的国家为美国、中国、加拿大、巴西和波兰,发文量占比均超过8%;2)燕麦研究热点包括β-葡聚糖、育种、理化性质、抗性、产量及品质;3)目前,对燕麦β-葡聚糖的结构、性质、提取方法等方面的研究已比较深入,今后应加强对其生理功能作用机制的研究;4)中国在燕麦分子标记辅助育种和基因工程育种方面的研究较少,加强此方面的研究成为国内燕麦遗传育种工作者面临的重大任务。     

农村丧偶老人心理健康与社会支持相关性研究

通过4期CLHLS数据,建立多元有序Logit模型,分析社会支持中的家庭支持、社会参与、社会保障3个维度对农村丧偶老年人心理健康的影响效应.结果表明,农村丧偶老年人的身体素质和心理素质呈同一外延趋势.多数社会支持对农村丧偶老年人心理健康的影响体现主效应的增益作用;然而,子女经济赡养为惟一养老经济来源时会显著降低老年人心...     

甲壳类酪氨酸酶促褐变的研究进展

甲壳类的虾、蟹以其味美及营养价值高而深受人们喜爱.虾、蟹既是我国渔业经济中的重要产业,又是出口创汇的主要产品之一.近年来,我国虾、蟹养殖业发展迅猛,已经成为渔业经济发展的一大产业.2005年,我国甲壳类生产量达到3.2406×106 t,占水产品总产量的近10%,其中,海水养殖产量8.285×105 t,淡水养殖产量3.108×106 t.但是,由于虾、蟹在常温保存中容易褐变,生产者为延长货架期往往在加工中过量使用添加剂,从而导致二氧化硫超标的现象时有发生;此外,腌制梭子蟹在低温保存加工中也容易发生褐变.这些不仅严重影响产品本身的经济价值,而且亚硫酸盐等不适当的添加还给食品安全埋下了隐患.因此,深入开展虾蟹等甲壳类防褐变保鲜技术的研究显得尤为重要和迫切.     

农村养老服务机构中五保老人之增权介入刍议

养老机构是提供养老服务的重要载体,在老龄化加速的今天,加快和完善养老服务机构的发展,是适应人口老龄化和社会发展的客观要求,也是构建和谐社会的体现。以河南省荥阳市五保供养幸福园为例,结合我国农村养老服务机构的现状进行分析,从增权视角出发,分析增权在农村养老服务机构问题解决中的有效应用和实施可能性。     

低温对香樟膜脂过氧化和保护酶活性的影响

以徐州引种驯化的成年香樟树叶片为材料,采用模拟低温胁迫法(温度处理分别为0℃、-5℃、-10℃、-15℃、-20℃、-25℃),研究了低温对成年香樟膜脂过氧化反应和保护酶活性的影响。结果显示,随着处理温度的降低,其叶片细胞质膜相对透性呈S型曲线增大,用Logistic方程计算其半致死温度为-13.40℃。叶片中MDA不断增加,SOD活性、POD活性、游离脯氨酸含量及可溶性糖含量随着处理温度的降低,呈先升后降的变化趋势。     

剪根对超高产玉米叶片保护酶活性及产量的影响

以超高产玉米先玉335为试验材料,研究其剪根对叶片保护酶活性及产量的影响.结果表明:在供试生育时期内,剪根后,超高产玉米叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性有不同程度的降低,随着生育时期的延长,其保护酶活性逐渐升高,到吐丝期达到最高点,此后逐渐降低,剪2/5和3/5根处理均显著低于对照;而叶片丙二醛的变化则呈现相反的变化.除...     

Mcl-1 involves in G2/M arrest of HL-60 cells induced by diallyl disulfide

AIM: To investigate the role of Mcl-1 in the G₂/M arrest induced by diallyl disulfide (DADS) in leukemic HL-60 cells.METHODS: The inhibitory effect of DADS on human leukemic HL-60 cells was detected by CCK-8 method in vitro. Flow cytometry analysis was employed to observe the cycle arrest in HL-60 cells and the effect of DADS-induced G₂/M arrest on HL-60 cells with Mcl-1 gene knockdown by RNAi silencing. The expression of Mcl-1, PCNA and CDK1 in HL-60 cells treated with DADS was determined by Western blotting. The binding of Mcl-1 with PCNA and CDK1 was detected by coimmuno-precipitation. RESULTS: HL-60 cells were treated with DADS at concentration of 15, 30, 60, 120 or 240 μmol/L for 48 h. The inhibition rates of HL-60 cell proliferation were 31.15%, 55.88%, 66.14%, 75.29% and 80.35%, respectively, and gradually enhanced with the increase in the concentration of DADS (P<0.05). Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the proliferation of HL-60 cells was blocked by DADS in the G₂/M phase. Treatment with DADS for 24 h and 48 h at concentrations of 60 μmol/L and 120 μmol/L, the percentage of G₂/M phase cells increased as compared to the untreated cells (P<0.05). DADS induced arrest of HL-60 cells in G₂/M phase in a time- and dose- dependent manner (P<0.05). The results of Western blot analysis indicated that Mcl-1, PCNA and CDK1 in HL-60 cells were significantly reduced after treated with DADS (P<0.05). HL-60 cell cycle progression delayed by silencing Mcl-1 gene with siRNA technique, suggesting that silence of Mcl-1 gene led to G₂/M arrest. Compared to the cells treated with DADS only, the percentage of G₂/M cells raised in the cells with Mcl-1 gene silencing and treated with DADS (P<0.05), indicating that Mcl-1 gene silencing enhanced the effect of DADS-induced G₂/M arrest in HL-60 cells. The binding of Mcl-1 with PCNA and CDK1 was detected by coimmuno-precipitation and the formation of heterodimers was observed, which was decreased after treated with DADS for 4 h.CONCLUSION: DADS inhibits the proliferation of HL-60 cells and induces its G₂/M phase arrest. The decreased expression of PCNA is related to inhibiting the proliferation of leukemic cells. Knockdown of Mcl-1 gene enhances the effect of DADS-induced G₂/M arrest.     

数字农业信息分类体系研究

根据农业数字信息的基本特征,以我国主要农作物、园林作物、畜牧和水产的生产特点为核心,以密切关联的产前、产中、产后的相关可能的技术需求信息为对象,进行系统的分类,并建立了农业数字信息编码体系,为实现信息资源采集、整理、发布、利用和共享做好必要的准备。     

Transfer of Cd, Pb, and Zn to water spinach from a polluted soil amended with lime and organic materials

Purpose

The transfer of heavy metals from soil to crops comprises several steps, including soil-to-root and subsequent root-to-shoot tranfer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the different steps of soil-to-crop transfer of Cd, Pb, and Zn.

Materials and methods

This study was carried out with a greenhouse pot experiment using a soil polluted with Cd, Pb, and Zn which was amended with rice straw, pig manure, sheep dung, or peat, with and without lime. Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) was used as the test crop and was grown after a season of rice cultivation.

Results and discussion

The results showed that all the amendments promoted the root-to-shoot transfer of Cd, Pb, and Zn. The soil-to-root transfer factors (TFs) of Pb and Zn tended to increase with increasing available Pb and Zn in the soils, while no clear relationship between the TF of Cd and available soil Cd was observed. The root-to-shoot TF of Cd, Pb, and Zn tended to decrease with increasing available amounts in the soils and were negatively correlated with the concentrations of the metals in the roots (r _Cd?=?0.820, r _Pb?=?0.789, r _Zn?=?0.769).

Conclusions

The soil-to-root transfer of Cd, Pb, and Zn was significantly different from the root-to-shoot transfer. The soil-to-root transfer was mainly influenced by the amount of available metal in soil, whereas the root-to-shoot transfer was mainly controlled by the concentrations of the metals in the root.     

一种快速高效适于橡胶树叶片AFLP分析的DNA提取方法

以近200个巴西橡胶树种质材料（品种及无性系）幼嫩叶片为材料．采用改良的cTAB法对其基因组总DNA的提取进行了研究。结果表明,该方法提取的DNA溶液无色透明,DD260／DD280的比值均为1．8～2．0,1％琼脂糖凝胶电泳为清晰的一条带,无降解现象,KNA去除干净,能被限制性内切酶完全消化;其AFLP分析（引物EcoRI-TA／MseI—CTT）条带清晰,多态性好,说明此方法提取的巴西橡胶树幼嫩叶片基因组总DNA较适于AFLP分析。