YX106系杜洛克种猪有效精子数遗传改良

公猪在养猪生产中占据着最重要的位置,公猪的优秀遗传基因可通过精液快速传递到商品群中,从而快速获得效益。因此公猪精液的好坏关系着公猪的价值。在高成本的选育前提下,选育出1头精液品质优良的公猪具有重要的意义。研究将公猪精液品质指标加入到公猪选育性状中进行对比分析。研究结果表明：对公猪进行精液有效精子数选育可提高选育质量,正向促进公猪选育效果,提升种公猪利用效率。     

匍匐翦股颖HSP26.7基因启动子的表达分析

为研究匍匐翦股颖HSP26.7基因启动子在植物抗逆方面的功能,克隆了匍匐翦股颖的一个小热激蛋白HSP26.7基因的启动子并进行了序列分析;构建了同时具有该启动子序列和GUS报告基因的植物表达载体,并通过农杆菌侵染法转化拟南芥植株.结果显示:该启动子存在HSE,ABRE等响应高温和其他胁迫的调控元件,受高温胁迫强烈诱导,...     

布鲁氏菌内蒙古分离株omp31基因的克隆与序列分析

对三株布鲁氏菌内蒙古分离株的omp31基因进行克隆与序列分析.参照GenBank中布鲁氏菌的omp31基因序列,设计一对特异性引物,用PCR方法扩增布鲁氏菌omp31基因,对PCR产物进行克隆、测序,将测定序列拼接后与GenBank中获得的参考毒株omp31基因序列进行了比较.结果显示,三株布鲁氏菌分离株的omp31基因开放阅读框核苷酸序列同源性均为100.0%;与Brucella ceti B14/94、Brucella neotomae 5K33、Brucella suis 1330三个参考毒株omp31基因核苷酸序列同源性最高,为100.0%;与Brucella canis RM6/66、Brucella melitensis 183、Brucella melitensis 16M三个参考毒株omp31基因核苷酸序列同源性为99.9%;与Brucella melitensis Rev1参考毒株omp31基因核苷酸序列同源性为99.6%;与Brucella ovis ATCC 25840参考毒株omp31基因核苷酸序列同源性最低,为98.8%.     

Ecological fitness and strategies of adaptation of Bartonella species to their hosts and vectors

Bartonella spp. are facultative intracellular bacteria that cause characteristic host-restricted hemotropic infections in mammals and are typically transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods. In the mammalian reservoir, these bacteria initially infect a yet unrecognized primary niche, which seeds organisms into the blood stream leading to the establishment of a long-lasting intra-erythrocytic bacteremia as the hall-mark of infection. Bacterial type IV secretion systems, which are supra-molecular transporters ancestrally related to bacterial conjugation systems, represent crucial pathogenicity factors that have contributed to a radial expansion of the Bartonella lineage in nature by facilitating adaptation to unique mammalian hosts. On the molecular level, the type IV secretion system VirB/VirD4 is known to translocate a cocktail of different effector proteins into host cells, which subvert multiple cellular functions to the benefit of the infecting pathogen. Furthermore, bacterial adhesins mediate a critical, early step in the pathogenesis of the bartonellae by binding to extracellular matrix components of host cells, which leads to firm bacterial adhesion to the cell surface as a prerequisite for the efficient translocation of type IV secretion effector proteins. The best-studied adhesins in bartonellae are the orthologous trimeric autotransporter adhesins, BadA in Bartonella henselae and the Vomp family in Bartonella quintana. Genetic diversity and strain variability also appear to enhance the ability of bartonellae to invade not only specific reservoir hosts, but also accidental hosts, as shown for B. henselae. Bartonellae have been identified in many different blood-sucking arthropods, in which they are typically found to cause extracellular infections of the mid-gut epithelium. Adaptation to specific vectors and reservoirs seems to be a common strategy of bartonellae for transmission and host diversity. However, knowledge regarding arthropod specificity/restriction, the mode of transmission, and the bacterial factors involved in arthropod infection and transmission is still limited.     

固原鸡品种选育和杂交改良的基本思路和关键措施

为充分发挥固原鸡品种的遗传潜力和杂种优势,推进地方鸡品种的开发利用,本文总结了一些蛋鸡和肉鸡的选育方法,结合传统育种和基因组水平选育的技术方法,以及目前固原鸡生产性能和种群开发利用现状,提出对固原鸡选育提高和杂交改良的思路和建议.     

Effect of supplements during the cold season on the reproductive system in prepubertal Tibetan sheep ewes

We examined the development of the reproductive system in prepubertal Tibetan sheep ewes when fed only oat hay (CON) or supplemented with either lick blocks (BS) or concentrate feed (CS) during the cold season. The average daily gain of the CS ewes was greater than that of the BS ewes (P  < 0.05), which was greater than that of the CON ewes. The same pattern was observed in the number of ovarian follicles (P  < 0.001), that is, CS > BS > CON. Serum concentrations of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone, follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteotrophic hormone, estradiol and progesterone in the CS and BS groups were higher than in the CON group (P  < 0.05). The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of KiSS‐1, GPR54 (G protein‐coupled receptor 54), ERα (estradiol receptor α) in the hypothalamic anteroventral periventricular area of the CS group were higher than in both the BS and CON groups (P  < 0.05), while the BS group was higher than in the CON group (P  < 0.05). Similar differences among groups were observed for gonadotropin‐releasing hormone receptor mRNA expression in the pituitary, follicle‐stimulating hormone receptor and luteinizing hormone receptor mRNA expression in the ovary. These results indicated that the KiSS1/GPR54 system was more active with nutrition or trace mineral supplementation during the cold season. The system stimulated the hypothalamic–pituitary?gonadal axis and enhanced folliclar development in prepubertal Tibetan sheep ewes. We concluded that energy, protein and trace minerals supplements could improve the reproductive performance of Tibetan sheep on the Qinghai‐Tibetan plateau.     

内蒙古典型草原黄囊苔草生长动态对气象因子的滞后响应分析

在全球变化与陆地生态系统关系的研究中,气候和植被相关关系的研究具有非常重要的意义。本文以2014年内蒙古草原生态系统定位站提供的气象数据资料为基础,运用灰色相对关联度以及含有时滞参数的灰色系统模型,分析了内蒙古典型草原区域尺度黄囊苔草(Carex korshinskyi)地上生物量对6种气象因子的响应。结果表明:黄囊苔草对6种气象因子的响应均有滞后效应。黄囊苔草地上生物量对降水量、气温、地温、蒸发量、相对湿度、日照时数的响应分别滞后10,16,16,10,15,5d。此结果将有助于更加深入理解气象因子对植物群落的影响机制,并为草地植被生产力建模与定量预测提供信息基础,以期在实践应用中发挥更高的价值。     

Genome-wide Association Study on Alive Litter Size Trait in Bama Xiang Pigs

In order to identify the molecular markers related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs,the genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to map and screen the candidate genes affecting the alive litter size trait.Ear tissue samples of 297 Bama Xiang pigs with multiple parity records were collected,and DNA was extracted and genotyped by porcine 50K SNP beadchip.After quality control and genotype imputation,the alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs were GWAS by Tassel.The results showed that the average number born alive per litter of Bama Xiang pigs increased gradually with the increasing of parity in the range of 1-9 parities.A total of 32 816 SNPs were obtained after quality control and filtration.8 SNPs related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs were screened by genome-wide association analysis,which were significant at genome or chromosome level.Based on the enrichment analysis of the coding genes in the region between 500 kb upstream and downstream of the associated significant SNP loci,and the QTL regions and gene functions related to porcine reproductive traits,4 genes (CAPZB,MSH3,CITED2 and HSD17B7) were finally identified to be candidate genes related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs.     

禽腺联病毒全基因组的克隆及感染性病毒的拯救

为了克隆禽腺联病毒(Avian adeno-associated virus,AAAV)全基因组用于构建基因转移载体研究,以鸡胚致死孤儿病毒(CELO)作为辅助病毒与AAAV共接种SPF鸡胚进行AAAV的增殖,将AAAV约4.7kb双链基因组DNA与pCR2.1载体连接,构建了含AAAV全基因组的重组质粒pAAAV并进行了测序。序列分析表明,AAAV YZ-1株的基因组为4684bp,两端具有141bp的末端倒置重复序列和Rep蛋白结合位点特征序列,与GenBank中收录的AAAV DA-1株和VR-865株的核苷酸序列同源性分别为95.0%和92.2%。将pAAAV质粒转染CELO病毒感染的鸡胚肝细胞系,获得了感染性AAAV病毒粒子,结果证明克隆的AAAV基因组中存在与病毒复制和包装相关的正确关键序列,可用于重组AAAV载体的构建。