宁夏南部山区冬小麦抗旱指标鉴定研究

为了更快速有效地利用现有资源,选育适宜宁南山区旱地种植的冬小麦新品种,本试验通过抗旱系数、主成分分析、相关分析及聚类分析等方法对8个品种12个性状进行研究。结果表明:8个品种根据抗旱系数不同,可分为抗旱性强、中、弱3个等级;12个性状的主要信息主要集中在4个主成分中,累积贡献率达93.40%,这4个主成分因子主要反映产量、抗旱系数、穗长、穗粒数、千粒重、单株粒重、株高、不实小穗数、颖花结实率9个性状。产量、穗下节长和株高与抗旱系数间为显著或极显著正相关。通过聚类分析将8个品种聚为3类,第一类包含3个品种,分别是Z0217-3,Z0231-3和对照中引6号,这三个品种的产量、抗旱系数、穗下节长、千粒重及株高等主要指标在第三类和第二类之间,但穗长、穗粒数及单株粒重在三类中平均值最低。第二类包含2个品种,分别是98-5808-1和Z0228-2-1,这两个品种的穗粒数、单株粒重和不实小穗数三个指标平均值最高,但产量、抗旱系数、穗下节长、千粒重等指标平均值最低。第三类包含3个品种,分别是Z0349-4,08AWS089和晋太0509,这三个品种平均产量高,抗旱系数高,平均穗长最大,平均穗下节长最长,平均结实小穗数最多,千粒重最大、株高最高。     

大黄鱼冷藏过程中的鲜度变化

研究了大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)贮藏于0℃(冰藏)、3℃、7℃和10℃过程中,在感官、化学和微生物品质方面的变化特性,并对其货架期进行分析,探讨了菌落总数、嗜冷菌、假单胞菌、产H2S菌、TVBN和TMA与感官评价的一致程度.结果表明,大黄鱼是海水鱼中鲜度下降较慢的种类,在O℃、3℃、7℃、10℃的贮藏过程中,大黄鱼的高品质期分别为330 h、208 h、114 h和87 h,货架期分别为523 h、368 h、197 h和150 h.各温度高品质期终点和货架期终点时菌落总数(CFU)/g的对数平均值分别为6.10±0.30和6.67±0.35,产H2S菌数(CFU/g)的对数平均值分别为5.82±0.33和6.37±0.22,TVBN均值分别为(14.77±0.5)mg/(100 g)和(28.02±1.19)mg/(100 g);TMA均值分别为(2.55+0.62)mg/(100 g)和(9.84±1.28)mg/(100 g),各温度下高品质期终点和货架期终点时各指标均值均无显著差异(P>0.05),表明菌落总数、产H2S菌数和TVBN值作为大黄鱼低温贮藏的鲜度指标与感官鲜度评价有较好的一致性.     

棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽病的生防机制及其防病促生作用研究

探究棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽病的生防机制、盆栽防治效果及其促生作用,为筛选用于草莓炭疽病绿色防控的高效生防菌提供资源及应用技术。采用平皿培养法、显微镜观察法和盆栽灌根法测定了棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽病的生防机制、盆栽防效及其对草莓幼苗的促生效果。结果显示,棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽菌LC0220具有较强的竞争、抗生和重寄生作用,菌株GYSW-6m1能迅速占领营养空间,对峙培养3、5和7 d对病菌LC0220抑制率分别为68.06%、71.03%和79.03%,病菌LC0220在含有菌株GYSW-6m1发酵代谢产物平板上培养3、5和7 d抑菌率分别为79.18%、75.81%和76.13%,菌株GYSW-6m1挥发代谢物对病菌LC0220菌丝生长几乎没有抑制作用,菌株GYSW-6m1菌丝可通过接触、缠绕和穿透病菌LC0220的菌丝并引起菌丝消解断裂。菌株GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽病具有较好的盆栽防治效果,处理LC0220+GYSW-6m1防效最显著,防效高达87.23%,处理GYSW-6m1（3 d）+LC0220和LC0220（3 d）+GYSW-6m1防效分别为52.72%和44.76%。棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓幼苗具有明显的促生效果,株高、根长、植株总鲜重和植株总干重均显著增加,促生率分别为7.96%、10.42%、22.54%和34.21%。棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1可以作为一种重要的生防资源用于草莓炭疽病的防治,具有一定的实用开发潜力。     

滇西南菜区小菜蛾发生规律及抗药性现状

为掌握滇西南菜区小菜蛾的发生规律和抗药性现状, 2013-2017年进行了田间系统调查幼虫、性信息素诱集成虫和室内毒力测定。结果表明:滇西南菜区小菜蛾田间种群每年早春存在种群激增现象, 3-5月份出现春季高峰期, 6月后种群数量保持较低水平。抗性测定表明, 该地区小菜蛾对丁醚脲、Bt、氯虫苯甲酰胺、虫螨腈、茚虫威均为低水平抗性, 对氟啶脲和多杀霉素为中等水平抗性; 对阿维菌素为中到高抗,对高效氯氰菊酯为高抗水平。建议该区域1-5月放置性信息素诱杀成虫, 3-4月用丁醚脲、Bt制剂、氯虫苯甲酰胺、虫螨腈、茚虫威等进行化学防治, 6-12月小菜蛾的发生虫量在经济阈值下, 可不防治。     

攀杂丝瓜1号新品种选育

攀杂丝瓜1号是以从重庆九龙坡丝瓜中选育的S8-6自交系为母本,以选自上海香丝瓜的自交系S4-3为父本,培育的早熟、丰产杂一代新品种,该品种植株生长势、分枝性强,坐果率高,果实长圆柱形,匀称,皮色深绿,表皮皱,瓜纵径26.5cm,横径5.5cm,单瓜质量285.8g,商品性好,味清甜,品质优,667m2产量2918.5kg。     

河北省中国荷斯坦牛产奶和体型性状遗传参数分析

旨在探究河北省中国荷斯坦牛产奶和体型性状的遗传参数,为育种提供参考.本研究收集了2012-2018年河北省133个牛场8 891头中国荷斯坦母牛第一胎次的3个产奶性状记录(产奶量、乳脂率和乳蛋白率)和26个体型性状记录,利用DMU软件,以场年季、产犊月龄、鉴定年季和鉴定员效应为固定效应,以个体的加性遗传效应为随机效应,...     

Cloning and Tissue Expression Analysis of PDK4 and FGF10 Genes in Guizhou Congjiang Xiang Pig

The objective of this study was to clone PDK4 and FGF10 genes, and investigate the expression level of PDK4 and FGF10 genes mRNA in different tissues of Large White pig and Congjiang Xiang pig. The PDK4 and FGF10 genes were cloned by RT-PCR and analyzed by bioinformatics, the relative expression of PDK4 and FGF10 genes were detected by Real-time PCR. The results showed that the coding region of PDK4 gene was 1 224 bp, encoding 407 amino acids; The coding region of FGF10 gene was 636 bp and encoded 211 amino acids. The homologies of nucleotide sequences of PDK4 gene with sheep, horse and human were 93%, 92% and 91%,respectively. The homologies of nucleotide sequences of FGF10 gene with sheep, cattle, human and mouse were 94%,93%, 93% and 90%, respectively. The phylogenetic tree of PDK4 gene showed that the genetic relationship of Congjiang Xiang pig, cattle and sheep were very close, the phylogenetic tree of FGF10 gene indicated that the genetic relationship of Congjiang Xiang pig, cattle, sheep, human and macaque were very close, but the genetic relationship of Congjiang Xiang pig, rat and chicken were far away. Real-time PCR results showed that, in different tissues of Congjiang Xiang pig,PDK4 gene expression in kidney tissue was higher than other tissues, with a higher expression in stomach and adipose as well,FGF10 gene expression in stomach tissue was higher than other tissues, with a higher expression in kidney and adipose as well, but both of PDK4 and FGF10 genes expression were the lowest in longissimus dorsi. In different tissues of Large White pig, both of PDK4 and FGF10 genes were expressed the highest in adipose than other tissues, PDK4 gene expression in longissimus dorsi was the lowest, while the FGF10 gene expression the lowest in heart. This study successfully cloned the PDK4 and FGF10 genes of Large White pig and Congjiang Xiang pig,and detected the relative expression of PDK4 and FGF10 genes in different tissues of Large White pig and Congjiang Xiang pig, and also provided scientific basis for further study on regulation of PDK4 and FGF10 genes on lipid metabolism and deposition.     

降解赤霉病菌毒素Tri101基因的原核表达及抗体制备

采用RT-PCR方法克隆了编码禾谷镰刀菌单端孢酶烯3-O-乙酰转移酶Tri101基因的cDNA序列,并连接到原核表达载体pGEX-4T2上,将获得的重组载体pGEX-4T2/Tri101转化大肠杆菌BL21后用IPTG进行诱导表达。SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析表明,经IPTG诱导后,Tri101基因在大肠杆菌BL21中获得了高效表达,融合蛋白GST-Tri101分子量为75.45 kDa。将该融合蛋白切胶纯化后免疫家兔,制备兔抗GST-Tri101多克隆抗体。经ELISA法测定抗体效价大于1∶256 000。Western blot分析表明制备的抗体与原核细胞体外表达的Tri101蛋白可以特异性结合,表明该抗体的特异性良好。应用该抗体验证了感赤霉病小麦中Tri101基因的表达。兔抗GST-Tri101抗体的成功制备,为进一步研究Tri101的生物学功能、细胞定位以及在其它植物中的表达等奠定了基础。     

山西菜田捕食性食蚜蝇优势种及其对菜蚜的控制效果

对山西菜田捕食性食蚜蝇优势种及对菜蚜的控制效果进行了研究，菜田常见捕食性食蚜蝇有黑带食蚜蝇，大灰食蚜蝇，斜斑鼓额食蚜蝇，野食蚜蝇，四条小食蚜蝇，短翅细腹食蚜蝇6种，以黑带食蚜蝇种群数量最大，平均占全年发生总量的36.3%，通过对食蚜蝇产卵量，卵化率，幼虫期捕食量和羽化率测试，筛选出的黑带食蚜蝇，大灰食蚜蝇，斜斑鼓额食蚜蝇幼虫对菜蚜均有较强的捕食能力，其中黑带食蚜蝇为山西菜田菜蚜捕食性食蚜蝇优势种，用黑带食蚜蝇三龄幼虫对菜蚜进行防治试验，结果以1：180防效最佳，72h后控制效果达93.5%。     

Interleukin-1β inhibits AKT to down-regulate eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

AIM To investigate whether interleukin-1β （IL-1β） regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS） phosphorylation at Ser1177 site in human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs）, and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS The HUVECs were randomly divided into normal control group, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） group, IL-1β group, IL-6 group, SC79 ［protein kinase B （PKB/AKT） specific agonist］ group and SC79+IL-1β group. Western blot was used to determine the protein levels of eNOS, p-eNOS-Ser1177, AKT and p-AKT-Ser473 in the HUVECs. Chemical colorimetry was used to detect the nitric oxide （NO） content in the culture medium of HUVECs. RESULTS No statistically significant difference of p-eNOS-Ser1177 level in HUVECs treated with TNF-α and IL-6 was observed as compared with normal control group （P>0.05）, while the protein level of p-eNOS-Ser1177 in the HUVECs and the content of NO in the culture medium of HUVECs decreased significantly in IL-1β group （P<0.05）, and the protein level of p-AKT-Ser473 in the HUVECs was decreased as compared with normal control group （P<0.05）. The AKT agonist SC79 blocked the down-regulation effect of IL-1β on p-eNOS-Ser1177 level in the HUVECs and NO content in the culture medium of HUVECs （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION IL-1β down-regulates the protein level of p-eNOS-Ser1177 in HUVECs and affects the activity of eNOS, which may be involved in AKT/eNOS signaling pathway.